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New Zealand Biomed Presents AS/NZS 2500 (2004). A Guide to the Safe Use of Electricity in Patient Care. © NZ Biomed 2015 Index Electrical Safety and Patient Care: Part 1: Introduction Part 2: Risk Management Part 3: Part 4: Part 5: Assessment © NZ Biomed 2015 Part 1:Introduction: As part of your professional development you are required to annually refresh yourself about electrical safety within your patient’s care. This brief course meets these requirements. © NZ Biomed 2015 Part 2: Risk Management It is your responsibility to ensure that patients and colleagues have a safe electrical working environment. © NZ Biomed 2015 © NZ Biomed 2015 Next Topic blah blah blah blahs © NZ Biomed 2015 B The B R © NZ Biomed 2015 H © NZ Biomed 2015 B © NZ Biomed 2015 H © NZ Biomed 2015 © NZ Biomed 2015 Red blood cells have A biconcave shape increases the surface area so more oxygen can be carried No nucleus for extra space inside. Contains haemoglobin, the oxygen carrying molecule Write this in your learning book. © NZ Biomed 2015 Function of Haemoglobin When the blood reaches tissue which has a low concentration of oxygen the haemoglobin disconnects with the oxygen releasing it into the body’s tissues, allowing it to do its work, e.g. tensing a muscle. © NZ Biomed 2015 © NZ Biomed 2015 H Write this in your learning book © NZ Biomed 2015 A teenage problem – Pimples An example of the bodies defence system at work Pimples 1) Skin infected by blockage 2) Dead skin cells soak up the oil and bacteria. 3) Bacteria eat and eat and make a real mess. 4) White blood cells in your blood arrive to clean up the mess and stay. White pus builds up. That makes a “white head” pimple under your skin. © NZ Biomed 2015 Blood Plasma A clear liquid part of blood Plasma transports: Soluble food molecules Waste products Hormones Antibodies - fight infection Heat Write this in your learning book © NZ Biomed 2015 Blood: Revision Movie © NZ Biomed 2015 Skip B © NZ Biomed 2015 Human Blood Can you Name the composition of Blood ? State the function of red and white blood cells ? Describe the purposes of plasma ? Explain the function of haemoglobin in the transport of oxygen ? © NZ Biomed 2015 Blood Exercise 1 Write in your workbook the next 2 questions and work in pairs to answer them, Dated 6 May 2017. 1) Name the 4 different components of blood?___________________________ 2) What does blood do for us ? It________________________________ © NZ Biomed 2015 Blood Exercise 1: Answers 1) What are the 4 different components of blood? A) Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma. 2) What does blood do for our body ? A) It carries oxygen, warmth, vitamins, minerals and fights infection with white cells. Write this in your learning book © NZ Biomed 2015 Blood Exercise Two Word Association Carries Food Carries Oxygen Carbon Dioxide Colour Red Plasma Carries Waste Carries white cells Carries Platelets Blood © NZ Biomed 2015 Clear Liquid Carry Warmth Blood Exercise Two: Answers Word Association Carries Food Carries Oxygen Carbon Dioxide Colour Red Plasma Carries Waste Carries white cells Carries Platelets Blood Clear Liquid © NZ Biomed 2015 Carries Warmth Part Two The Human Circulatory System e What is the Circulatory System ? Consists of arteries, veins, capillaries and the heart. Trachea Aorta Pulmonary Artery Blood transports various substances from one part of the body to another by continuous flowing through a closed system of blood vessels known as the circulatory system. Pulmonary Vein Heart The blood flow is known as blood circulation. Blood is moving by means of an organ known as the heart, which is a muscular pump that draws blood in when it relaxes and pushes it out at great force when it contracts. Blood will take 30 seconds to complete one circulation around the body. 5 litres of blood is traveling by means of the circulatory system at any one given point in time © NZ Biomed 2015 Moving Blood We have 3 ways of circulating blood 1) By Arteries Move blood away from the heart Carry oxygen therefore are bright red Move blood at high pressure Write this in your learning book © NZ Biomed 2015 Moving Blood 2) By Veins Carry blood back to the heart Little oxygen and appear blue N.B. All blood is red. Carry blood at low pressure Blood travels slowly Veins have valves to prevent blood from going backwards Write this page in your science book © NZ Biomed 2015 Moving Blood 3) By Capillaries These are very tiny blood vessels that connect between the arteries and veins They allow the exchange of materials between the blood and our cells Have very thin walls , 1 cell thick, allowing materials to pass through them Write this in your learning book dated 6 May 2017 © NZ Biomed 2015 Practical Task 1 Object: To observe your body’s blood system 1. 2. 3. In pairs tie a tourniquet around an arm for 1 minute Observe the wrist area Release the tourniquet Write down the following – Practical Task One I tied my arm and we observed the following: __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ Fingers felt_________________________ Because____________________________ © NZ Biomed 2015 Part Three The Human Heart Our Heart is two Pumps © NZ Biomed 2015 The Human Heart To Mouth To Body To Lungs © NZ Biomed 2015 The Human Heartbeat Every time the heart muscle squeezes the heart it creates a pressure wave of blood called the pulse. The Heart Beating This happens about 70 times a minute when we are resting. © NZ Biomed 2015 The Human Heart Pulse Rate -- Feel for your pulse -- We will count the number of heartbeats for one minute, called our pulse rate. © NZ Biomed 2015 Start Timer Count your pulse rate - STOP COUNTING © NZ Biomed 2015 The Human Heart – Pulse Rate In your workbook record your results. 6 May 2017 My RESTING pulse rate is ______ beats a minute. My pulse rate is slow because______________________ © NZ Biomed 2015 The Human Heart This time, exercise gently for 1 minute. In pairs, have one person to time 60 seconds while you count the number of your heartbeats. In your workbook add the following 6 May 2017 My EXERSIZING pulse count is ______ beats per minute. My heart’s pulse rate is faster because my body needs more __________________to do the _______________ © NZ Biomed 2015 The Human Circulatory System Am I fit ? A fit person Has a lower resting pulse rate. Has a lower pulse rate after exercise. Has a quicker recovery rate. Other factors – Adrenalin Excitement Medicines Age 2017 Add this to your workbook dated 6 May © NZ Biomed 2015 The Human Circulatory System Draw the heart in your workbook draw, then label. . . . Left Atrium Right Atrium Right Ventricle Left Ventricle The Heart – View from Rear © NZ Biomed 2015 Blood & Circulation: Movie © NZ Biomed 2015 Skip Movie Circulation: Movie © NZ Biomed 2015 Human Heart Disorders To Do: Internet Research. “What heart problems can occur in humans.” Class Time: One Hour Remainder as Home Task Results in science book Due: 3 Days Time © NZ Biomed 2015 Heart Disorders Heart problems can happen due to – Diabetes Hypertension Age Gender Being overweight Smoking Diet Add to your workbook! © NZ Biomed 2015 A Heart Disorder Heart “Attack” An artery blocks that is supplying blood to a heart muscle. . Add to your workbook © NZ Biomed 2015 Blood & Circulation: Heart Attack Movie © NZ Biomed 2015 Skip Movie Circulation: Movie © NZ Biomed 2015 Revision Task Can You ? 1) Explain the purpose of the heart ? 2) Label the parts of a heart ? 3) Describe the pulse and where to find it. ? 4) Why pulse rate changes ? 5) Explain what can lead to a heart attack? Write these in your workbook adding your answers © NZ Biomed 2015 Part Four The Respiratory System The respiratory system exchanges Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide between the air and our blood Breathing is the process of getting air in and out of the lungs.. Breathing is not respiration. Add this to your workbook © NZ Biomed 2015 The Respiratory System Gas Exchange Question 1 1) Why do large organisms need specialist respiration organs ? A) In small organisms the cells are on the surface, and make it easier for food and air to get directly to the cells. In larger organisms the individual cells cannot get the things they need directly – movement, respiration, and nutrition, and they must co-operate with other cells. Write this in your workbook © NZ Biomed 2015 The Respiratory System Gas Exchange Question 2 2) What is Gas Exchange ? A: __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ __________________________ Write this in your workbook © NZ Biomed 2015 The Respiratory System Gas Exchange Question 2 2) What is Gas Exchange? A:This is the process in which one gas is exchanged for another. In the human body oxygen is inhaled and carbon dioxide is exhaled. Write this in your workbook © NZ Biomed 2015 The Respiratory System Gas Exchange Question 4 Q: What Body Parts are involved in Gas Exchange ? A : The Nose – Air is breathed in, warmed and dampened. Air is filtered by the hairs and mucus. The Larynx – air passes through the larynx or voice box, where it may be used to make sounds. Write this in your book © NZ Biomed 2015 Blood and Circulation Question four continued The Trachea or windpipe. Air passes down the windpipe, which is held open by rings of flexible cartilage. The Alveoli – The air eventually reaches the lungs and meets the alveoli which are like a bunch of tiny balloons. These are thin walled and have a rich supply of blood for easy gas exchange. Write this in your workbook © NZ Biomed 2015 Blood and Circulation Gas Exchange Question 5 4) Why do the lungs need a large supply of blood ? A ____________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ Write the answer in your workbook © NZ Biomed 2015 Blood and Circulation Gas Exchange Question 4 4) Why do the lungs need a large supply of blood ? A A small drop of blood is only able to contain a limited amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide, however the body needs great amounts of oxygen and blood. Large amounts of blood need to be sent to the lungs for the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen. © NZ Biomed 2015 ? The Respiratory System Gas Exchange Question 5 4) Why do the alveoli need to have thin walls? A. _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ Write the answer in your workbook © NZ Biomed 2015 The Respiratory System Gas Exchange Question 6 4) A) What is the process of us inhaling and exhaling ? This is the process of GAS EXCHANGE, the first of the process. Oxygen and air is breathed in when the ribs rise and move out, and the diaphragm is pushed down. Exhalation occurs when carbon dioxide is released (breathed out) and the ribs return to normal and the diaphragm is pushed back up. Write the answer in your workbook © NZ Biomed 2015 Respiratory System: Movie © NZ Biomed 2015 Skip Movie Circulation: Movie © NZ Biomed 2015 Blood and Circulation Assessment Assessment Instructions Closed book assessment Thirty minutes duration. Answers only on your task sheet. Each question is worth 10 marks. START © NZ Biomed 2015 Skip Blood and Circulation Assessment Q1) Name two functions of blood. Q2) Name the four main components of blood. Q3) What is the average human resting pulse per minute? Q4) State what occurs to blood when we cut ourselves. Q5) Two things that can lead to a heart attack are? Q6) Draw a diagram of the human heart and label it. Q7) Why does our pulse rate go up when we exercise? Q8) Give two functions of plasma? Q9) Describe the process of Gas Exchange Q10) Why does our pulse rate increase when we exercise ? © NZ Biomed 2015 Assessment Answers: Page 1 Q1) Name three functions of blood A) Carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, heat, waste products, fights disease, clots. Q2) Name the four main components of human blood A) Red cells, white cells, platelets, and plasma Q3) What is the average human resting pulse per minute? A ) About 70 beats per minute © NZ Biomed 2015 Assessment Answers: Page 2 Q4) State what occurs when we cut ourselves A) Platelets gather and seal the cut, produce fribrin threads Q5) Name two factors that can lead to human heart disease A) Overweight, smoking, Diabetes, Hypertension, Age, Gender, Smoking © NZ Biomed 2015 Assessment Answers: Page 3 Q6) Draw a diagram of the human heart and label it. Right Atrium Left Atrium Right Ventricle Left Ventricle © NZ Biomed 2015 Assessment Answers: Page 4 Q7) Why does our pulse rate go up when we exercise? Muscles require more oxygen so our heart pumps faster to get it there. Q8) Give two functions of plasma? Q9) Describe the process of Gas Exchange Q10) Why does our pulse rate increase when we exercise ? © NZ Biomed 2015