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Structures of a
Flowering Plant
6.4.2: Summarize the basic
functions of the structures of a
flowering plant for defense,
survival, and reproduction.
Discuss
How do plants
protect
themselves?
?
Essential Question
What are some of the structures plants use for
defense and survival?
Structures for defense
Plants have structures for
defense that protect them from
threats and without these
defenses the plant might die.
Examples of natural defenses
that plants have developed over
time may be:
Structures for defense
• thorns that can defend the plant from being
eaten by some animals or destroyed by
others.
Structures for defense
• fruits and leaves with poisons so that they are
not eaten by animals.
Structures for defense
• the ability to close its leaves when touched
(thigmotropism).
How do thorns defend a plant?
Write down 3 poisonous plants.
How can thigmotropic plants defend
themselves?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BLTcVNyOhU
Structures for Survival
Plants have structures that allow them to
survive in their habitats when the conditions are
not suitable. Examples of parts of flowering
plants that function for survival may be:
Structures for Survival:
Leaves
• Leaves are important because they are the site of:
– Photosynthesis (when plants make sugar for food)
– Respiration (when plants break sugar down for energy)
– Transpiration (when plants release water vapor into the
atmosphere) This is a review term.
Photosynthesis
HOW HAVE THE LEAVES OF THIS
PLANT ADAPTED FOR SURVIVAL?
Is this also considered thigmotropism?
Structures for Survival:
Stems
Stems support the plant and hold
the leaves up to the light. Stems
also function as food storage sites.
• Xylem transports water from
roots to leaves & other parts of
plant.
• Phloem transports food made in
leaves to growing parts of plant.
Structures for Survival - Roots
Roots
• Anchor the plant
• Absorb water & nutrients
from the soil
• Store extra food
The more surface area on the root, the more water
& nutrients it can absorb.
– Root hairs help to increase the surface area.
Structures for Survival – Roots
Two Types
• Fibrous Roots:
several main
roots that
branch off to
form a mass of
roots. Ex. Grass,
corn, some
trees.
• Taproots:
One large,
main root w/
smaller roots
branching off.
Ex. Carrots,
dandelions,
cacti,
Structures for Survival: Seeds
• Seeds have special structures that allow them
to be dispersed by wind, water, or animals.
• The seeds coat helps protect the embryo from
injury and also from drying out.
How Seeds Disperse
Summary
Answer the essential question.
• What are some of the
structures plants use for
defense and survival?
Answer…
• Defense
– Thorns
– Toxins (poisons)
– Thigmotropism (movement)
• Survival
–
–
–
–
Leaves
Stems
Roots
Seeds
Online Interactive Activity
• Play the Plant Defenses Game
Plants evolve to suit their surroundings and to
compensate for any hazards around.
Objective: Survive.
http://revolution.caret.cam.ac.uk/flash/defence.
swf