Download Chapter 2: Weather Factors ANSWER KEY Assessment review Task

Chapter 2: Weather Factors
Assessment review
ANSWER KEY
Task: Answer the following questions in your compbook. You do not need to write the
questions.
1. Nearly all energy in Earth’s atmosphere comes from the ___SUN_____________.
2. Most of the energy from the sun travels to earth in the form of ____VISIBLE
LIGHT___________ and ______INFRARED RADIATION_______________. A small amount
arrives as______ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION___________.
3. Before reaching the Earth’s surface, sunlight must pass through the
_ATMOSPHERE__________.
4. Some sunlight is absorbed or reflected by the_____ATMOSPHERE______________ before
it can reach the surface. The rest passes through _____THE ATMOSPHERE___________
to the Earth’s ____SURFACE____________.
5. What else in our atmosphere reflects sunlight? CLOUDS, DUST PARTICLES, AND
GASES (SCATTERING)
6. Define Greenhouse Effect. THE NATURAL PROCESS BY WHICH GASES HOLD HEAT
IN THE AIR.
7. Define temperature. THE AVERAGE AMOUNT OF ENERGY OF MOTION OF EACH
PARTICLE OF A SUBSTANCE.
8. Define thermal energy. THE TOTAL ENERGY OF MOTION THE PARTICLES OF A
SUBSTANCE
9. What is a thermometer? A THIN GLASS TUBE WITH A BULB ON ONE END THAT
CONTAINS A LIQUID, USUALLY MERCURY OR COLORED ALCOHOL, THAT
MEASURES TEMPERATURE.
10. What are the three ways in which heat is transferred? CONDUCTION, CONVECTION,
AND RADIATION.
11. Define Radiation. THE DIRECT TRANSFER OF HEAT BY WAY OF
ELECTROMAGENTIC WAVES THROUGH OPEN SPACE.
12. Define Conduction. THE DIRECT TRANSFER OF HEAT FROM ONE SUBSTANCE TO
ANOTHER THAT IS TOUICHING.
13. Define Convection. THE TRANSFER OF HEAT THROUGH A FLUID (LIQUID OR A
GAS).
14. Rising warm air transports thermal energy (heat) by
CONVECTION
.
15. Give an example of each type of heat transfer. RADIATION: HEAT COMING OF THE
BURNER OF A STOVE CONDUCTION: TOUCHING THE HANDLE OF A HOT BOWL
ON THE STOVE CONVECTION: THE HEATING OF THE WATER ON THE STOVE
(MOVEMENT OF THE WATER MOLECULES).
16. Make sure that you go over the Heat Transfer foldable in your compbook
Chapter 2: Weather Factors
Assessment review
ANSWER KEY
17. Make sure that you study the Heat Transfer Lab questions that we worked on
in class. There will be some lab questions on this assessment.
18. Describe how the three types of heat transfer work together to heat up the
troposphere. SOLAR RADIATION IS GIVEN OFF BY THE SUN. HEAT IS
TRANSFERRED FROM THE SUN TO EARTH BY WAY OF RADIATION. THE EARTH’S
SURFACE ABSORBS THE SOLAR RADIATION AND IS HEATED BY WAY OF
CONDUCTION (PARTICLES OF EARTH SURFACE MATERIALS ARE TOUCHING ONE
ANOTHER). EARTH’S SURFACE RADIATES HEAT BACK INTO THE ATMOPSHERE.
THIS HEAT MOVES THROUGH THE ATMOPSHERE BY WAY OF CONVECTION.
19. Review your water cycle diagrams. No the complete path a water molecule
takes when travelling through the water cycle. Page 55 in the text will help.
20. Define water cycle. THE MOVEMENT OF WATER BETWEEN THE ATMOPSHERE
AND EARTHS SURFACE.
21. Define evaporation. THE PROCESS BY WHICH WATER MOLECULES IN LIQUID
ESCAPE INTO THE AIR AS WATER VAPOR.
22. Define transpiration. THE EVAPORATION OF WATER FORM PLANTS.
23. Define condensation. THE PROCESS BY WHICH WATER VAPOR IN THE AIR BECOME
LIQUID WATER.
24. What is a psychrometer? What does it do? A TOOL THAT MEASURES THE AMOUNT
OF WATER IN THE AIR (RELATIVE HUMIDITY). WHEN THE TOOL IS “SLUNG”, AIR
BLOWS OVER THE TWO THERMOMETERS. THE WET BULB IS COOLED BY WAY OF
EVAPORATION AND ITS READING DROPS BELOW THE DRY BULB READING.
25. How do clouds form? CLOUDS FORM WHEN WATER VAPOR IN THE AIR
CONDENSES TO FORM LIQUID WATER OR ICE CRYSTALS.
26. Does cold air hold more or less water vapor than warm air? Why is this important
to know? COLD AIR HOLDS LESS WATER THAN WARM AIR. IS IMPORTANT IN THE
FORMATION OF DIFFERENT CLOUDS.
27. What are the three main types of clouds? CIRRUS, STRATUS, AND CUMULUS.
28. How are clouds classified? APPEARANCE AND ALITITUDE.
29. What do cirrus clouds look like? Draw a picture.
30. Cirrocumulus clouds, which look like a row of cotton balls, indicate that a
____STORM______________ is on its way.
31. Describe what cumulus clouds look like. ROUND, PUFFY CLOUDS.
32. Draw a picture of a cumulus cloud.
33. Cumulus clouds that are not very tall indicate _____FAIR________ weather.
34. Cumulus clouds are common on ____SUNNY DAYS_________________days.
35. Towering clouds with flat tops are called _______CUMULONIMBUS____________________
clouds. These types of clouds often produce______THUNDERSTORMS______________.
36. Clouds that form flat layers are called_____STRATUS_______________ clouds.
37. Draw a picture of a stratus cloud.
Chapter 2: Weather Factors
Assessment review
ANSWER KEY
38. As stratus clouds thicken, they may produce ___RAIN_________, ____SNOW______________,
or ___DRIZZLE______________.
39. Why are solid particles required for cloud formation? THE CONDENSED LIQUID
PARTICLES NEED SOMETHING TO ATTACH TO IN THE ATMOSPHERE.
40. The sky looks blue because of
SCATTERING
.
41. The direct transfer of electromagnetic waves is RADIATION
.
42. The upward movement of warm air and the downward movement of cool air is
called CONVECTION
.
43.
ULTRAVIOLET
radiation can cause skin cancer.
True or False (44-46): If false, change the underlined word or words to make the
statement true.
44. The part of sunlight with the longest wavelength is visible light. FALSE: INFRARED
45. When you walk barefoot on hot sand, heat is transferred to your feet from the sand
by radiation. FALSE: CONDUCTION
46. Stratus clouds are made mostly of ice crystals. FALSE: CIRRUS CLOUDS
47. How could an increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere raise Earth’s
temperature? CARBON DIOXIDE IS A GREENHOUSE GAS. THESE GASES HAVE THE
ABILITY TO ABSORB AND REATIN HEAT IN EARTH’S ATMOSPHERE. AN INCREASE
IN CARBON DIOXIDE WOULD RESULT IN AN INCREASE IN GLOBAL TEMPERATURE.