Download Cellular Respiration I PPT

AP Biology
Cellular Respiration Overview
Part 1
Process of Cellular Respiration
Compare to Cellular Respiration?
• BIG PICTURE FOR CELLULAR RESPIRATION:
– 1. Break down a carbon-based molecule to create
electron carriers. **Glycolysis and Krebs Cycle.**
– 2. Use the electron carriers to set up a
concentration gradient of H+ ions, so that they
can be used to make ATP. **ETC**
– Use oxygen as a final acceptor of the electrons
used to make ATP. Oxygen is INCREDIBLY
IMPORTANT to the process of cellular respiration.
**ETC**
Overview of Cellular Respiration
• Cellular Respiration is a Three Step Process:
– Step 1: Glycolysis : This is the breaking of Glucose into 2 molecules of
Pyruvate. (All organisms can do this process as it occurs in the cytoplasm of a cell.)
– Step 2: Kreb’s Cycle : This is all about making electron carriers due to
the continued break down of Glucose.
– Step 3: Electron Transport Chain : This is where the Free E of the
electrons is used to help make ATP.
• This is referred to as Oxidative Phosphorylation (makes 90% of ATP)
because it will need oxygen to be present.
• The whole process yields a maximum of 38 ATP/ 95% of time
only 36 produced though.
Light
energy
CO2 + H2O
Photosynthesis
in chloroplasts Organic
+O
molecules 2
Cellular respiration ATP
in mitochondria
powers most cellular work
Heat
energy
Energy Coupling: The
connection, using
energy, between
photosynthesis and
cellular respiration. This
process is, in its
simplest form, a series
of anabolic and
catabolic reactions that
work together to create
organic molecules and
break those molecules
down to create energy.
Electron Transport chain creating a
concentration gradient in a Thylakoid
“Building” the proton concentration
gradient
Inner
mitochondrial
membrane
Glycolysis
Citric
acid
cycle
ATP
ATP
Oxidative
phosphorylation:
electron transport
and chemiosmosis
ATP
H+
H+
H+
H+
Intermembrane
space
Cyt c
Protein complex
of electron
carriers
Q
IV
III
I
ATP
synthase
II
Inner
mitochondrial
membrane
FADH2
NADH + H+
2H+ + 1/2 O2
H2O
FAD
NAD+
Mitochondrial
matrix
ATP
ADP + P i
(carrying electrons
from food)
H+
Electron transport chain
Electron transport and pumping of protons (H+),
Which create an H+ gradient across the membrane
Oxidative phosphorylation
Chemiosmosis
ATP synthesis powered by the flow
of H+ back across the membrane
Series of Redox reactions
(Electron Transport chain)
The electron transport chain in cellular
respiration is very similar to the process
that takes place in photosynthesis. The
proteins that work together to move
electrons down the chain are different
(except for cytochrome C) but the process
is nearly the same.
Redox reaction
“Making” of electron carriers
• NAD⁺ +2 electrons + H⁺ ion = NADH
• FAD⁺ + 2 electrons + 2 H⁺ ions = FADH₂
Oxygen is at the end