Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Sustainability- Condition in which humans needs are met in such a way that a human population can survive. People are worried about Fresh Water and fertile soil International Development and Cooperation We live in a time of globalization When environmental and social conditions are linked across political borders worldwide Governments worldwide work together however they do not always agree on everything Table 1 International Organizations, Meetings, and Agreements Related to Sustainable Development The world conservation Union A worldwide partnership of governments and private nonprofit organizations, and experts and scientist encourages and assists in conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. UN Conference on Human Environment 1st international meeting to consider global environment and development needs; led to the formation of UN Environment Programme UN Conference on Environment and Meeting that produced Agenda 21 and Rio Development Declaration, which outlined key policies for sustainable development World Summit on Sustainable Development Meeting to review 10 year progress of Agenda 21 and to consider major treaties. Related to Climate and Atmosphere Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Group of scientist that studies the scientific, social, and economic aspects of human induced climate change Framework Convention on Climate Change Agreement that established recognition of the problems of climate change, limit greenhouse gases Montreal Protocol on Substances Agreements by many countries to limit substances, such as CFC’s, that damage ozone Kyoto Protocol on Climate Change Agreement to reduce worldwide emissions of greenhouse gases, especially for developed countries. Table 2 Other International Organizations, Meetings, and Agreements Related to the Environment. Antarctic Treaty and Convention Use Antarctica solely for peaceful purposes MARPOL Regulates disposal of waste by ships on the ocean Convention on International Trade in Classifies endangered and threatened species Endangered Species CITES worldwide and monitors international trade of these species Convention on Migratory Species Protects wild animal species that migrate across international borders Law of the Sea Addresses ocean pollution from land runoff, ocean dumping , hazardous materials, mining and air pollution Basal Convention Regulates transportation and disposal of hazardous wastes Convention on Biological Diversity Inventory and protect endangered and threatened species Intergovernmental Forum on Chemical Safety Facilitates cooperation among governments IFCS for environmentally sound management chemicals Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety Addresses transportation and use of genetically modified organisms UN Forum on Forests UNFF Promotes the management, conservation and sustainable development of all types of forests. Economics and the Environment Economics- the study of the choices people make as they use and distribute limited resources. Economies draw resources from the government and may return waste or cause damage Economist see environmental problems as market failures, the market has failed if the price of something does not reflect its true cost. For ex. Illness caused by air pollution cost Society billions of dollars a year. Regulations and economic incentives Governments do this by creating regulations or punishing people with Fines or jail time Economic Incentives- Pays money for actions that benefit society or charge taxes on action that have a social cost Private Efforts- Businesses donate land for parks or preserves or donate money to environmental cost Recycle their own waste to save cost Nature Conservancy- uses a simple economic strategy to preserve ecosystems