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CHAPTER SEQUENCE:
Chapter 1- The Science of Biology
Science
Observation
Inference
Hypothesis
Controlled Experiment
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Control Group
Data
Theory
Biology
DNA
Stimulus
Sexual Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction
Homeostasis
Metabolism
Biosphere
Chapter 2- The Chemistry of Life
Atom
Nucleus
Electron
Element
Isotope
Compound
Ionic bond
ion
Covalent bond
Molecule
Van der Waals Forces
Hydrogen Bond
Cohesion
Adhesion
Mixture
Solution
Solute
Solvent
Suspension
pH Scale
Acid
Base
Buffer
Monomer
Polymer
Carbohydrate
Monosaccharide
Lipid
Nucleic Acid
Nucleotide
Protein
Amino Acid
Chemical Reaction
Reactant
Product
Activation Energy
Catalyst
Enzyme
Substrate
Chapter 7- Cell Structure and Function
Cell
Cell Theory
Cell Membrane
Nucleus
Eukaryote
Prokaryote
Cytoplasm
Organelle
Vacuole
Lysosome
Cytoskeleton
Centriole
Ribosome
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
Chloroplast
Mitachondrion
Cell Wall
Lipid Bilayer
Selectively Permeable
Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
Aquaporin
Osmosis
Isotonic
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Osmotic Pressure
Homeostasis
Tissue
Organ
Organ System
Receptor
Chapter 8- Photosynthesis
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
Heterotroph
Autotroph
Photosynthesis
Pigment
Chlorophyll
Thylakoid
Stroma
NADP
Light-Dependent Reactions
Light-Independent Reactions
Photosystem
Electron Transport Chain
ATP Synthase
Calvin Cycle
Chapter 9- Cellular Respiration and Fermentation
Calorie
Cellular Respiration
Aerobic
Anaerobic
Glycolysis
NAD
Krebs Cycle
Matrix
Fermentation
Chapter 31- Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Central Nervous System
Cell Body
Dendrite
Axon
Myelin Sheath
Resting Potential
Action Potential
Threshold
Synapse
Neurotransmitter
Reflex
Cerebrum
Cerebral Cortex
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Cerebellum
Brain Stem
Dopamine
Somatic Nervous System
Reflex Arc
Autonomic Nervous System
Taste Bud
Cochlea
Semicircular Canals
Cornea
Iris
Pupil
Lens
Retina
Rods
Cones
Chapter 32- Skeletal, Muscular, and Integumentary Systems
Axial Skeleton
Appendicular Skeleton
Haversian Canal
Bone Marrow
Cartilage
Ossification
Osteoblast
Osteocyte
Osteoclast
Joint
Ligament
Muscle Fiber
Myofibril
Myosin
Actin
Sarcomere
Neuromuscular junction
Acetylcholine
Tendon
Epidermis
Keratin
Melanocyte
Melanin
Dermis
Sebaceous Gland
Hair Follicle
Chapter 33- Circulatory and Respiratory Systems
Myocardium
Atrium
Ventricle
Valve
Pulmonary Circulation
Systemic Circulation
Pacemaker
Artery
Capillary
Vein
Plasma
Red blood cell
Hemoglobin
White blood cell
Platelet
Lymph
Atherosclerosis
Pharynx
Trachea
Larynx
Bronchus
Alveolus
Diaphragm
Chapter 35- The Immune System and Disease
Infectous disease
Germ Theory of Disease
Koch’s Postulates
Zoonosis
Vector
Inflammatory Response
Histamine
Interferon
Fever
Immune Response
Antigen
Antibody
Humoral Immunity
Cell-Mediated Immunity
Vaccination
Active Immunity
Passive Immunity
Allergy
Asthma
Chapter 30- Digestive and Excretory Systems
Epithelial Tissue
Connective Tissue
Nervous Tissue
Muscle Tissue
Homeostasis
Feedback Inhibition
Calorie
Carbohydrate
Fat
Protein
Vitamin
Mineral
Mechanical Digestion
Chemical Digestion
Amylase
Esophagus
Peristalsis
Stomach
Pepsin
Chime
Small Intestine
Villus
Large Intestine
Excretion
Ureter
Urinary Bladder
Urethra
Nephron
Filtration
Glomerulus
Bowman’s Capsule
Reabsorption
Loop of Henle
Chapter 34- Endocrine and Reproductive Systems
Hormone
Target Cell
Exocrine Gland
Endocrine Gland
Prostaglandin
Pituitary Gland
Releasing Hormone
Corticosteroid
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Thyroxine
Calcitonin
Parathyroid Hormone
Puberty
Testis
Scrotum
Seminiferous tubule
Epidiymis
Vas Deferens
Semen
Ovary
Menstrual Cycle
Ovulation
Corpus Luteum
Menstration
Sexually Transmitted Disease
Zygote
Blastocyst
Implantation
Gastrulation
Neurulation
Placenta
Fetus
Chapter 10- Cell Growth and Division
Cell division
Asexual Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction
Chromosome
Chromatin
Cell Cycle
Interphase
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
Prophase
Centromere
Chromatid
Centriole
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cyclin
Growth Factor
Apoptosis
Cancer
Tumor
Embryo
Differentiation
Totipotent
Blastocyst
Pluripotent
Stem Cell
Multipotent
Chapter 11- Introduction to Genetics
Genetics
Fertilization
Trait
Hybrid
Gene
Allele
Principle of dominance
Segregation
Gamete
Probability
Homozygous
Heterozygous
Phenotype
Genotype
Punnett Square
Independent assortment
Incomplete Dominance
Codominance
Multiple Allele
Polygenic Trait
Homologous
Diploid
Haploid
Meiosis
Tetrad
Crossing-over
Zygote
Chapter 12- DNA
Transformation
Bacteriophage
Base pairing
Replication
DNA polymerase
Telomere
Chapter 13- RNA and Protein Synthesis
RNA
Messenger RNA
Ribosomal RNA
Transfer RNA
Transcription
RNA polymerase
Promoter
Intron
Exon
Polypeptide
Genetic code
Codon
Translation
Anticodon
Gene expression
Mutation
Point Mutation
Frameshift Mutation
Mutagen
Polyploidy
Operon
Operator
RNA Interference
Differentiation
Homeotic Gene
Homeobox Gene
Hox Gene
Chapter 15- Genetic Engineering
Selective Breeding
Hybridization
Inbreeding
Biotechnology
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Recombinant DNA
Plasmid
Genetic Marker
Transgenic
Clone
Gene Therapy
DNA Microarray
DNA Fingerprinting
Forensics
Chapter 14- Human Heredity
Genome
Karyotype
Sex Chromosome
Autosome
Sex-linked Gene
Pedigree
Nondisjunction
Restriction Enzyme
Gel Electrophoresis
Bioinformatics
Genomics
Chapter 3- The Biosphere
Biosphere
Species
Population
Community
Ecology
Ecosystem
Biome
Biotic factor
Abiotic Factor
Autotroph
Primary Producer
Photosynthesis
Chemosynthesis
Heterotroph
Consumer
Carnivore
Herbivore
Scavenger
Omnivore
Decomposer
Detritivore
Food Chain
Phytoplankton
Food Web
Zooplankton
Trophic level
Ecological Pyramid
Biomass
Biogeochemical Cycle
Nutrient
Nitrogen Fixation
Denitrification
Limiting Nutrient
Chapter 4- Ecosystems and Communities
Weather
Climate
Microclimate
Greenhouse Effect
Tolerance
Habitat
Niche
Resource
Competitive Exclusion Principle
Predation
Herbivory
Keystone Species
Symbiosis
Mutualism
Parasitism
Commensalism
Ecological Succession
Primary Succession
Pioneer Species
Secondary Succession
Canopy
Understory
Deciduous
Coniferous
Humus
Taigo
Permafrost
Photic Zone
Aphotic Zone
Benthos
Plankton
Wetland Estuary
Chapter 5- Populations
Population Density
Age Structure
Immigration
Emigration
Exponential Growth
Logistic Growth
Carrying Capacity
Limiting Factor
Density-Dependent Limiting Factor
Density-Independent Limiting Factor
Demography
Demographic Transition
Chapter 6- Humans in the Biosphere
Monoculture
Renewable Resource
Nonrenewable Resource
Sustainable Development
Desertification
Deforestation
Pollutant
Biological Magnification
Smog
Acid Rain
Biodiversity
Ecosystem Diversity
Species Diversity
Genetic Diversity
Habitat Fragmentation
Ecological Hot Spot
Ecological Footprint
Ozone Layer
Aquaculture
Global Warming
Chapter 16- Darwin's Theory of Evolution
Evolution
Fossil
Artificial Selection
Adaption
Fitness
Natural Selection
Biogeography
Homologous Structure
Analogous Structure
Vestigial Structure
Chapter 17- Evolution of Populations
Gene Pool
Allele Frequency
Single-Gene Trait
Polygenic Trait
Directional Selection
Stabilizing Selection
Disruptive Selection
Genetic Drift
Bottleneck Effect
Founder Effect
Genetic Equilibrium
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
Sexual Selection
Species
Sepciation
Reproductive Isolation
Behavioral Isolation
Geographic Isolation
Temporal Isolation
Molecular Clock
Chapter 19- The History of Life
Extinct
Paleontologist
Relative dating
Index fossil
Radiometric Dating
Half Life
Geologic Time Scale
Era
Period
Plate Tectonics
Macroevolutionary Patterns
Background Extinction
Mass Extinction
Gradualism
Punctuated Equilibrium
Adaptive Radiation
Convergent Evolution
Coevolution
Endosymbiotic Theory
Chapter 18- Classification
Binomial Nomenclature
Genus
Systematics
Taxon
Family
Order
Class
Phylum
Kingdom
Phyogeny
Clade
Monophyletic Group
Cladogram
Derived Character
Domain
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
Chapters 22-24- Plant Physiology