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Industrialization
&
Immigration
Question 1
The _______ Party grew with the support of farmers,
who were suffering due to laissez-faire policy and
championed the ideals above.
A.Republican.
B.Know-Nothing.
C.Progressive.
D.Populist.
• Direct election of senators
• Unlimited silver coinage
• A national income tax
• Shorter working hours
Flashcard 1
The Populist Party was essentially a farmers' movement
that worked to stand up for their interests. The party
wanted to end laissez-faire policy but got little support
from the powerful eastern states and eventually
disintegrated.
Question 1
The _______ Party grew with the support of farmers,
who were suffering due to laissez-faire policy and
championed the ideals above.
A.Republican.
B.Know-Nothing.
C.Progressive.
D.Populist.
• Direct election of senators
• Unlimited silver coinage
• A national income tax
• Shorter working hours
Question 2
Which of these encouraged industrialization to expand
from the eastern part of the United States to the
West?
A.labor unions
B.subways
C.muckrakers
D.railroads
Flashcard 2
● The growth of railroads after the Civil War played a
large part in the industrialization of western states.
Goods had to be brought to port or to major
population centers; this was accomplished in the
19th and early 20th centuries by train.
Question 2
Which of these encouraged industrialization to expand
from the eastern part of the United States to the
West?
A.labor unions
B.subways
C.muckrakers
D.railroads
Question 3
What did John D. Rockefeller create in order to monopolize
the oil industry?
A. a trust
B. a non-profit organization
C. a collective
D. a union
Flashcard 3
The government encouraged the growth of big business after
the Civil War by following a policy of laissez-faire.
This policy held that the government should leave business
alone and let "market forces" do the regulating.
In addition to following laissez-faire policy, the government
also offered companies free land in the west and a protective
tariff (which made foreign imports more expensive for
consumers).
Question 3
What did John D. Rockefeller create in order to monopolize
the oil industry?
A. a trust
B. a non-profit organization
C. a collective
D. a union
Question 4
How did the government encourage the growth of big
business after the Civil War?
A.by eliminating the tariff on foreign goods entering
the U.S.
B.by limiting immigration into the United States
C.by extending massive loans to business owners
D.by following a laissez-faire policy of minimal
regulation
Flashcard 4
The government encouraged the growth of big
business after the Civil War by following a policy of
laissez-faire.
This policy held that the government should leave
business alone and let "market forces" do the
regulating.
In addition to following laissez-faire policy, the
government also offered companies free land in the
west and a protective tariff (which made foreign
imports more expensive for consumers).
Question 4
How did the government encourage the growth of big
business after the Civil War?
A.by eliminating the tariff on foreign goods entering
the U.S.
B.by limiting immigration into the United States
C.by extending massive loans to business owners
D.by following a laissez-faire policy of minimal
regulation
Question 5
Which of these encouraged industrialization to expand
from the eastern part of the United States to the West?
A.railroads
B.muckrakers
C.subways
D.labor unions
Flashcard 5
The growth of railroads after the Civil War played a
large part in the industrialization of western states.
Goods had to be brought to port or to major
population centers; this was accomplished in the 19th
and early 20th centuries by train.
Question 5
Which of these encouraged industrialization to expand
from the eastern part of the United States to the West?
A.railroads
B.muckrakers
C.subways
D.labor unions
Question 6
In the late 1800s, what groups were formed to improve
conditions for workers?
A.labor unions
B.cooperatives
C.trusts
D.conglomerates
Flashcard 6
National labor unions began to emerge in the late
1800s. Groups such as the Knights of Labor and the
American Federation of Labor were formed in order to
negotiate better working conditions such as higher
wages and shorter hours.
Question 6
In the late 1800s, what groups were formed to improve
conditions for workers?
A.labor unions
B.cooperatives
C.trusts
D.conglomerates
Question 7
Which wealthy businessman wrote the essay "The
Gospel of Wealth," in which he encouraged wealthy
people to use their money to benefit society?
A.Cornelius Vanderbilt
B.J.P. Morgan
C.Andrew Carnegie
D.John D. Rockefeller
Flashcard 7
Andrew Carnegie wrote the essay "The Gospel of Wealth" in
1889. Andrew Carnegie had become quite wealthy due to
success in the steel business. He felt that wealthy businessmen
should use their fortunes to benefit society. He became a
philanthropist and funded the creation of thousands of public
libraries throughout the United States.
Question 7
Which wealthy businessman wrote the essay "The
Gospel of Wealth," in which he encouraged wealthy
people to use their money to benefit society?
A.Cornelius Vanderbilt
B.J.P. Morgan
C.Andrew Carnegie
D.John D. Rockefeller
Click on the Video below
Crash Course - Gilded Age Politics: #26
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Spgdy3HkcSs&in
dex=27&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBjTSG593eG7Obz
O7s
Question 8
Which of the following forced Native Americans onto
reservations?
A.the Indian Appropriations Act
B.the Dawes Act
C.the Land Ordinance
D.the Northwest Ordinance
Flashcard 8
In 1851, the U.S. government passed the Indian
Appropriations Act, forcing Native Americans to move
onto reservations to make room for more white
settlement. Native Americans, however, did not go
easily or willingly. Decades of battles over this forced
movement followed.
Question 8
Which of the following forced Native Americans onto
reservations?
A.the Indian Appropriations Act
B.the Dawes Act
C.the Land Ordinance
D.the Northwest Ordinance
Question 9
Which of the following acts of Congress contributed to
an increase in settlement in the West by granting free
land to individuals after they had lived on it for five
years?
A.the Indian Removal Act
B.the Homestead Act
C.the Dawes Act
D.the Morrill Land Grant Act
Flashcard 9
Passed by Congress in 1862, the Homestead Act
allowed settlers to claim up to 160 acres of surveyed
federal lands. After living on the land for five years and
improving it, homesteaders paid a small registration
fee and received the title for the land.
Question 9
Which of the following acts of Congress contributed to
an increase in settlement in the West by granting free
land to individuals after they had lived on it for five
years?
A.the Indian Removal Act
B.the Homestead Act
C.the Dawes Act
D.the Morrill Land Grant Act
Question 10
Which of the following contributed to the Wounded
Knee Massacre?
A.the Ghost Dance
B.the Battle of Little Big Horn
C.Christian missionaries
D.the passage of the Dawes Act
Flashcard 10
The Wounded Knee Massacre took place in 1890 and
marked the end of the Plains Wars. The Lakota Sioux
engaged in a battle with the U.S. Army near Wounded
Knee Creek, South Dakota. Prior to this event, many
Lakota believed that by participating in the "ghost
dance," their deceased relatives would rejoin them,
and life would return to the way it was prior to white
man's encroachment onto their lands. Angry over this
disruption, the government attempted to relocate the
tribe, and soon violence erupted. Nearly 150 Native
American men, women, and children were killed,
including Chief Big Foot.
Question 10
Which of the following contributed to the Wounded
Knee Massacre?
A.the Ghost Dance
B.the Battle of Little Big Horn
C.Christian missionaries
D.the passage of the Dawes Act
Question 11
What was the result of the Dawes Act?
A.The U.S. government began a system of assimilation
in an attempt to "Americanize" Native Americans.
B.Most Native American tribes were forced from the
East onto reservations in present-day Oklahoma.
C.Native Americans lands were divided into small plots
of land and distributed to individual families.
D.Native American tribes were paid financial
retribution after their lands were sold to the whites.
Flashcard 11
The Dawes Act was passed in 1887 by the U.S.
government. This piece of legislation broke up large
plots of Native American lands into smaller 160-acre
lots and distributed them to individual Native
American families. After the land was divided, extra
pieces were sold to whites, so whites actually gained
control of much land that had been held by Native
Americans.
Question 11
What was the result of the Dawes Act?
A.The U.S. government began a system of assimilation
in an attempt to "Americanize" Native Americans.
B.Most Native American tribes were forced from the
East onto reservations in present-day Oklahoma.
C.Native Americans lands were divided into small plots
of land and distributed to individual families.
D.Native American tribes were paid financial
retribution after their lands were sold to the whites.
Question 12
Under the Morrill Land Grant Act of 1862, public land
was set aside for which purpose?
A.to establish farms
B.to build national parks
C.to create colleges
D.to construct railroads
Flashcard 12
In the Morrill Land Grant Act of 1862, the federal
government gave each state 30,000 acres of federal
land so that the states could establish colleges. This act
expanded the availability of higher education in the
United States.
Question 12
Under the Morrill Land Grant Act of 1862, public land
was set aside for which purpose?
A.to establish farms
B.to build national parks
C.to create colleges
D.to construct railroads
Question 13
Which of the following was one of the cattle trails used
to bring cattle raised in Texas to the North?
A.the Oregon Trail
B.the Mormon Trail
C.the California Trail
D.the Chisholm Trail
Flashcard 13
The Chisholm Trail was one of several cattle trails
which were used to drive cattle north from Texas. The
Chisholm Trail ended in Abilene, Kansas, where the
Kansas Pacific Railroad had established a stockyard
and depot in 1867. From Abilene, cattle were shipped
by railcar to meet the demand for beef in the eastern
part of the United States.
Question 13
Which of the following was one of the cattle trails used
to bring cattle raised in Texas to the North?
A.the Oregon Trail
B.the Mormon Trail
C.the California Trail
D.the Chisholm Trail
Question 14
Which of these best describes why a large percentage
of farmers in the late 1800s had high amounts of debt?
A.Many farmers could not manage money and did not
work enough to make a profit.
B.Many farmers had borrowed large amounts of money
to pay for land and farm equipment.
C.Many farmers had been land speculators and lost
money when the value of land decreased.
D.Many farmers lost large sums of money in the stock
market during the Panic of 1873.
Flashcard 14
In the 19th century, there were many
technological innovations that made farming easier.
Many farmers had taken out loans to pay for new
equipment and land. Prices for crops had fallen in the
late 1800s, and many farmers had difficulties repaying
their loans. Farmers began forming groups such as the
Farmers' Alliance in order to fight for the interests of
the farmers.
Question 14
Which of these best describes why a large percentage
of farmers in the late 1800s had high amounts of debt?
A.Many farmers could not manage money and did not
work enough to make a profit.
B.Many farmers had borrowed large amounts of money
to pay for land and farm equipment.
C.Many farmers had been land speculators and lost
money when the value of land decreased.
D.Many farmers lost large sums of money in the stock
market during the Panic of 1873.
Question 15
Which event weakened the influence of the Knights of
Labor?
A.the passage of the Dawes Act
B.the Haymarket Square Riot
C.the Crédit Mobilier scandal
D.the passage of the Sherman-Antitrust Act
Flashcard 15
The Haymarket Square Riot occurred in Chicago in
1886 during a strike against the McCormick
Harvesting Machine Company. During a clash between
the police and the strikers, one of the strikers was
killed. The next day, people gathered to protest the
death of the striker. Among the protesters were a
group of anarchists who wanted to get rid of the
government. When the police came to break up the
group, a bomb was thrown at the police, killing seven
of them. People blamed the anarchists and the labor
unions, specifically the Knights of Labor, for the riot.
After the riot, membership in the Knights of Labor fell,
and its influence decreased.
●
Question 15
Which event weakened the influence of the Knights of
Labor?
A.the passage of the Dawes Act
B.the Haymarket Square Riot
C.the Crédit Mobilier scandal
D.the passage of the Sherman-Antitrust Act
Crash Course – Westward Expansion #24
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ndex=25&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBjTSG593eG7O
bzO7s
Industrialization
&
Immigration
Question 1
How did the government encourage the growth of big
business after the Civil War?
A.by limiting immigration into the United States
B.by eliminating the tariff on foreign goods entering
the U.S.
C.by extending massive loans to business owners
D.by following a laissez-faire policy of minimal
regulation.
Flashcard 1
● The government encouraged the growth of big
business after the Civil War by following a policy of
laissez-faire. This policy held that the government
should leave business alone and let "market forces"
do the regulating. In addition to following laissezfaire policy, the government also offered companies
free land in the west and a protective tariff (which
made foreign imports more expensive for
consumers).
Question 1
How did the government encourage the growth of big
business after the Civil War?
A.by limiting immigration into the United States
B.by eliminating the tariff on foreign goods entering
the U.S.
C.by extending massive loans to business owners
D.by following a laissez-faire policy of minimal
regulation.
Question 2
Which of these encouraged industrialization to expand
from the eastern part of the United States to the
West?
A.railroads
B.labor unions
C.muckrakers
D.subways
Flashcard 2
● The growth of railroads after the Civil War played a
large part in the industrialization of western states.
Goods had to be brought to port or to major
population centers; this was accomplished in the 19th
and early 20th centuries by train.
Question 2
Which of these encouraged industrialization to expand
from the eastern part of the United States to the
West?
A.railroads
B.labor unions
C.muckrakers
D.subways
Question 3
3. What did John D. Rockefeller create in order to
monopolize the oil industry?
A. a non-profit organization
B. a union
C. a collective
D. a trust
Flashcard 3
John D. Rockefeller created the trust in 1879.
Rockefeller was the president of the Standard Oil
Company but wanted to control more of the oil
industry. Standard Oil was an Ohio company and, by
law, was not allowed to own stock in companies that
were in other states. In order to get around the law,
Rockefeller created a new form of business called the
trust. In a trust, shareholders of one company turned
over their shares to a board of trustees, who then
controlled the companies. The creation of the trust
led to Standard Oil monopolizing the oil refining
business.
Question 3
3. What did John D. Rockefeller create in order to
monopolize the oil industry?
A. a non-profit organization
B. a union
C. a collective
D. a trust
Question 4
The _______ Party grew with the support of farmers,
who were suffering due to laissez-faire policy and
championed the ideals above.
A.Progressive
B.Know-Nothing
C.Republican
D.Populist
Flashcard 4
The Populist Party was essentially a farmers'
movement that worked to stand up for their interests.
The party wanted to end laissez-faire policy but got
little support from the powerful eastern states and
eventually disintegrated.
Question 4
The _______ Party grew with the support of farmers,
who were suffering due to laissez-faire policy and
championed the ideals above.
A.Progressive
B.Know-Nothing
C.Republican
D.Populist
Question 5
In addition to speeding up the transportation of goods,
the transportation revolution also contributed to the
growth of
A.new cities across the country.
B.the slave trade in America.
C.free public education.
D.labor unions on the East coast.
Flashcard 5
The transportation revolution changed the criteria for a city to
develop into a booming metropolis. A city no longer had to be
located near the Atlantic Ocean or a major river. Canals
increased the importance of cities surrounded by lakes, such as
Chicago, Buffalo, and Detroit. Railroads helped connect
landlocked cities like Atlanta and caused new towns to grow
throughout the nation.
Question 5
In addition to speeding up the transportation of goods,
the transportation revolution also contributed to the
growth of
A.new cities across the country.
B.the slave trade in America.
C.free public education.
D.labor unions on the East coast.
Question 6
• received the first U.S. patent for the telephone in 1876
• work with the deaf inspired interest in speech
• professor at Boston University
Who is being described above?
A.Alexander Graham Bell.
B.Stephen Dudley Field.
C.Henry Ford.
D.Thomas Edison.
Flashcard 6
Alexander Graham Bell was a Scottish-American inventor who
is credited with the invention of the first telephone. His work
with the deaf (his mother and wife were both deaf) inspired his
interest in speech patterns and communication. Bell set out to
transmit sound with an electrical current of varying intensity.
He received the first U.S. patent for the telephone in 1876.
Question 6
• received the first U.S. patent for the telephone in 1876
• work with the deaf inspired interest in speech
• professor at Boston University
Who is being described above?
A.Alexander Graham Bell.
B.Stephen Dudley Field.
C.Henry Ford.
D.Thomas Edison.
Question 7
In the late 1800s and early 1900s, what was the difference
between "new" immigration and "old" immigration?
A. "Old" immigrants were from Asia, and "new" immigrants
were from South America.
A. "Old" immigrants were from South America, and "new"
immigrants were from Africa
A. "Old" immigrants were from eastern and southern Europe,
and "new" immigrants were from western Europe.
A. "Old" immigrants were from western Europe, and "new"
immigrants were from eastern and southern Europe.
Flashcard 7
"Old" immigration describes the immigration patterns
of the United States up until the late 1800s.
Immigrants had been primarily from western
Europe, with large numbers of immigrants from
Great Britain, Ireland, Germany, Denmark, Finland,
Norway, and Sweden. The "new" immigrants who
began arriving in the U.S. in the 1800s were from
eastern and southern Europe. Italians, Russians, and
Poles were among the nationalities represented in
this new wave of immigration. Many of these new
immigrants settled in ethnic neighborhoods in large
cities.
Question 7
In the late 1800s and early 1900s, what was the difference
between "new" immigration and "old" immigration?
A. "Old" immigrants were from Asia, and "new" immigrants
were from South America.
A. "Old" immigrants were from South America, and "new"
immigrants were from Africa
A. "Old" immigrants were from eastern and southern Europe,
and "new" immigrants were from western Europe.
A. "Old" immigrants were from western Europe, and "new"
immigrants were from eastern and southern Europe.
Question 8
The establishment of Ellis Island in 1892 enabled
A.the U.S. government to process the increasing
number of immigrants.
B.the government to be more selective during the
citizenship process.
C.industrial factories to find immigrant workers as
soon as they stepped off the boat.
D.Congress to pass laws that stopped the immigration
of certain races to the U.S.
Flashcard 8
In the decades after the American Civil War, the
number of immigrants to the United States increased
dramatically. The U.S. government established
immigration stations such as Ellis Island to process
the high volume of new immigrants. At Ellis Island,
immigrants went through health and welfare tests
before being admitted to the country.
Question 8
The establishment of Ellis Island in 1892 enabled
A.the U.S. government to process the increasing
number of immigrants.
B.the government to be more selective during the
citizenship process.
C.industrial factories to find immigrant workers as
soon as they stepped off the boat.
D.Congress to pass laws that stopped the immigration
of certain races to the U.S.
Question 9
Read the following:
The New Colossus
"...Give me your tired, your poor,
Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,
The wretched refuse of your teaming shore.
Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me,
I lift my lamp beside the golden door!"
—Emma Lazarus
1883
Question 9
Due to the ideals of The New Colossus, many Southern
and Eastern Europeans, Chinese, Koreans, and
Japanese immigrated to the United States. What did
the new immigrants do in America?
A.started rotary organizations
B.joined the industrial workforce
C.bought their own businesses
D.came together to make laws
Flashcard 9
● The New Colossus represented the ideals of the
United States. One of the main goals of the United
States was to embrace those seeking freedom and a
new start. Once in America, the immigrants filled the
society roles of industrial laborers.
Question 9
Due to the ideals of The New Colossus, many Southern
and Eastern Europeans, Chinese, Koreans, and
Japanese immigrated to the United States. What did
the new immigrants do in America?
A.started rotary organizations
B.joined the industrial workforce
C.bought their own businesses
D.came together to make laws
Question 10
Which term best describes wealthy business owners
who often engaged in unfair or anti-competitive
business practices?
A.robber barons
B.venture capitalists
C.mugwumps
D.muckrakers
Flashcard 10
The term robber barons was used to describe certain
wealthy American businessmen. People such as
Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller, J.P. Morgan,
and Cornelius Vanderbilt were labeled as robber
barons because of their extraordinary wealth.
Question 10
Which term best describes wealthy business owners
who often engaged in unfair or anti-competitive
business practices?
A.robber barons
B.venture capitalists
C.mugwumps
D.muckrakers
Question 11
Which group of people would have most likely lived in
tenements in large cities around the turn of the 20th
century?
A.immigrants
B.college students
C.business owners
D.members of the military
Flashcard 11
With the flood of immigrants coming to American
cities in the late 19th century and early 20th century,
there was a shortage of affordable housing. Poor
immigrants often lived in tenements, apartment
buildings that were crowded, filthy, and lacking water,
light, and fresh air. Conditions in tenements were
deplorable, and cities eventually passed laws to
improve housing conditions.
Question 11
Which group of people would have most likely lived in
tenements in large cities around the turn of the 20th
century?
A.immigrants
B.college students
C.business owners
D.members of the military
Question 12
Cities were able to expand their geographic areas in
the late 19th century because of the development of
A.skyscrapers.
B.mass transit.
C.settlement houses.
D.assembly lines.
Flashcard 12
13. With the development of mass transit systems such
as commuter trains, subways, and trolley cars, cities
were able to expand and cover larger areas. Before
these transportation systems existed, many city
residents had to walk as their means of transportation.
Workers had to live within walking distance of their
jobs. This meant that cities were confined to small
areas because people could not walk very long
distances. As new forms of transportation were
developed, the cities grew much larger.
Question 12
Cities were able to expand their geographic areas in
the late 19th century because of the development of
A.skyscrapers.
B.mass transit.
C.settlement houses.
D.assembly lines.
Question 13
In the late 1800s, what groups were formed to improve
conditions for workers?
A.trusts
B.cooperatives
C.labor unions
D.conglomerates
Flashcard 13
3. National labor unions began to emerge in the late
1800s. Groups such as the Knights of Labor and the
American Federation of Labor were formed in order to
negotiate better working conditions such as higher
wages and shorter hours.
Question 13
In the late 1800s, what groups were formed to improve
conditions for workers?
A.trusts
B.cooperatives
C.labor unions
D.conglomerates
Question 14
Which of the following statements is true about
organized labor?
A.Organized labor had great success changing working
hours in the 1890s.
B.Immigrants contributed greatly to organized labor.
C.Organized labor enjoyed the support of state
governments.
D.The Supreme Court supported organized labor
around the turn of the century.
Flashcard 14
Immigrants contributed to organized labor by
supporting the most extreme groups in the movement.
Organized labor did not have any clear success until
the 20th century, and it did not enjoy the support of
the Supreme Court or of state governments.
Question 14
Which of the following statements is true about
organized labor?
A.Organized labor had great success changing working
hours in the 1890s.
B.Immigrants contributed greatly to organized labor.
C.Organized labor enjoyed the support of state
governments.
D.The Supreme Court supported organized labor
around the turn of the century.
Question 15
Long working hours, low pay, and unsafe factory
conditions gave rise to
A.child labor.
B.trust-busters.
C.labor unions.
D.dollar diplomacy.
Flashcard 15
Labor unions began organizing in the 19th century in
response to long hours, low pay, and unsafe working
conditions. Groups like the Knights of Labor and the
American Federation of Labor organized work
stoppages and strikes. Unfortunately, the government
sided with industry in the beginning to break strikes.
Question 15
Long working hours, low pay, and unsafe factory
conditions gave rise to
A.child labor.
B.trust-busters.
C.labor unions.
D.dollar diplomacy.
Western Expansionism to
Progressivism
Click on video below
Crash Course – Progressive Era #27
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ndex=28&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBjTSG593eG7O
bzO7s
Question 1
Which of the following statements is true about organized
labor?
A. Organized labor had great success changing working
hours in the 1890s.
B. Organized labor enjoyed the support of state
governments.
C. Immigrants contributed greatly to organized labor.
D.The Supreme Court supported organized labor around
the turn of the century.
Flashcard 1
● Immigrants contributed to organized labor by
supporting the most extreme groups in the
movement. Organized labor did not have any clear
success until the 20th century, and it did not enjoy
the support of the Supreme Court or of state
governments.
Question 1
Which of the following statements is true about organized
labor?
A. Organized labor had great success changing working
hours in the 1890s.
B. Organized labor enjoyed the support of state
governments.
C. Immigrants contributed greatly to organized labor.
D.The Supreme Court supported organized labor around
the turn of the century.
Question 2
In the late 1800s, the United States government became
increasingly concerned about the lack of competition in
certain industries as large corporations and trusts were
formed. In 1890, Congress passed the Sherman Antitrust
Act. What was the goal of this act?
A. to encourage people to trust the economy
B. to encourage businesses to invest in new technologies
C. to prevent people from losing money in the stock market
D.to prevent monopolies by big corporations or trusts
Flashcard 2
A monopoly occurs when one company has control
over the sale of a good, and there are no close
substitutes for that good. Congress passed the
Sherman Antitrust Act "to protect trade and commerce
against unlawful restraint and monopoly." This act
aimed to prevent monopolies in the United States by
big corporations.
Question 2
In the late 1800s, the United States government became
increasingly concerned about the lack of competition in
certain industries as large corporations and trusts were
formed. In 1890, Congress passed the Sherman Antitrust
Act. What was the goal of this act?
A. to encourage people to trust the economy
B. to encourage businesses to invest in new technologies
C. to prevent people from losing money in the stock market
D.to prevent monopolies by big corporations or trusts
Question 3
What was the significance of the Interstate Commerce Act
that was passed by Congress in 1887?
A. It was the first time that a federal tax was imposed on U.S.
goods.
B. It was the first federal law limiting immigration from a
specific country.
C. It was the first federal law that regulated Big Business.
D. It was the first federal law that supported the unions.
Flashcard 3
With the passage of the Interstate Commerce Act,
Congress began attempting to regulate Big
Business. The Interstate Commerce Act regulated
the railroad industry and prevented them from
charging unfair rates, forming pools, or giving
rebates.
Question 3
What was the significance of the Interstate Commerce Act
that was passed by Congress in 1887?
A. It was the first time that a federal tax was imposed on U.S.
goods.
B. It was the first federal law limiting immigration from a
specific country.
C. It was the first federal law that regulated Big Business.
D. It was the first federal law that supported the unions.
Question 4
Which photojournalist brought attention to the
horrible conditions in which immigrants lived in his
work How the Other Half Lives: Studies Among the
Tenements of New York?
A.Alfred Thayer Mahan
B.Jacob Riis
C.Upton Sinclair
D.Ida Tarbell
Flashcard 4
In his book How the Other Half Lives: Studies Among
the Tenements of New York, Jacob Riis exposed the
horrible conditions faced by immigrants living in the
slums of New York. By using photographs, drawings,
and written descriptions, Riis's book included images
of sweatshops, child labor, and overcrowded and
unsanitary tenements. Riis used his book to advocate
social reform.
Question 4
Which photojournalist brought attention to the
horrible conditions in which immigrants lived in his
work How the Other Half Lives: Studies Among the
Tenements of New York?
A.Alfred Thayer Mahan
B.Jacob Riis
C.Upton Sinclair
D.Ida Tarbell
Question 5
The first laws Congress passed to reduce immigration
to the U.S. placed restrictions on immigrants from
which country?
A.Cuba
B.Russia
C.China
D.Great Britain
Flashcard 5
In 1882, Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act,
which prohibited Chinese workers from immigrating
to the U.S. for ten years. Since most of the Chinese
who wanted to come to the U.S. were workers, this
law prevented nearly all Chinese from coming to the
U.S. The Chinese Exclusion Act was the first piece of
legislation to reduce immigration from a specific
country.
Question 5
The first laws Congress passed to reduce immigration
to the U.S. placed restrictions on immigrants from
which country?
A.Cuba
B.Russia
C.China
D.Great Britain
Question 6
In the late 19th century, local governments in many
U.S. cities were controlled by political machines.
Which of the following was one of the characteristics
of political machines?
A.They played an important role in women's suffrage.
B.They excluded immigrants from the political process.
C.They worked to lower taxes and reduce government
spending.
D.They were involved in various forms of corruption.
Flashcard 6
As cities grew in the late 19th century, there were many
changes in local governments. During this time, political
machines dominated local politics. A political machine was
an organization led by a political boss. Political machines
maintained power by being involved in elections and by
controlling various government officials such as mayors and
city council members. Political machines were corrupt in
many ways and were involved in voter fraud, graft, bribery,
and kickbacks.
Question 6
In the late 19th century, local governments in many
U.S. cities were controlled by political machines.
Which of the following was one of the characteristics
of political machines?
A.They played an important role in women's suffrage.
B.They excluded immigrants from the political process.
C.They worked to lower taxes and reduce government
spending.
D.They were involved in various forms of corruption.
Question 7
Cities were able to expand their geographic areas in
the late 19th century because of the development of
A.mass transit.
B.assembly lines.
C.skyscrapers.
D.settlement houses.
Flashcards 7
With the development of mass transit systems such as
commuter trains, subways, and trolley cars, cities were
able to expand and cover larger areas. Before these
transportation systems existed, many city residents
had to walk as their means of transportation. Workers
had to live within walking distance of their jobs. This
meant that cities were confined to small areas because
people could not walk very long distances. As new
forms of transportation were developed, the cities grew
much larger.
Question 7
Cities were able to expand their geographic areas in
the late 19th century because of the development of
A.mass transit.
B.assembly lines.
C.skyscrapers.
D.settlement houses.
Question 8
In the late 19th century, many cities did not have
adequate water and sewage systems. This
contributed most to
A.the decrease in city populations.
B.the rise of organized labor.
C.the rise in violent crime.
D.the spread of disease.
Flashcard 8
As city populations increased in the last half of the
19th century, many cities did not have water and
sewage systems that provided clean, safe water. As a
result, diseases such as cholera, typhoid, and
tuberculosis spread quickly through densely
populated areas in cities.
Question 8
In the late 19th century, many cities did not have
adequate water and sewage systems. This
contributed most to
A.the decrease in city populations.
B.the rise of organized labor.
C.the rise in violent crime.
D.the spread of disease.
Question 9
Which group of people would have most likely lived in
tenements in large cities around the turn of the 20th
century?
A.immigrants
B.members of the military
C.college students
D.business owners
Flashcard 9
With the flood of immigrants coming to American
cities in the late 19th century and early 20th century,
there was a shortage of affordable housing. Poor
immigrants often lived in tenements, apartment
buildings that were crowded, filthy, and lacking
water, light, and fresh air. Conditions in tenements
were deplorable, and cities eventually passed laws to
improve housing conditions.
Question 9
Which group of people would have most likely lived in
tenements in large cities around the turn of the 20th
century?
A.immigrants
B.members of the military
C.college students
D.business owners
Question 10
In the late 1800s, the United States government became
increasingly concerned about the lack of competition in
certain industries as large corporations and trusts were
formed. In 1890, Congress passed the Sherman Antitrust
Act. What was the goal of this act?
A.to encourage people to trust the economy
B.to prevent people from losing money in the stock
market
C.to encourage businesses to invest in new technologies
D.to prevent monopolies by big corporations or trusts
Flashcard 10
A monopoly occurs when one company has control
over the sale of a good, and there are no close
substitutes for that good. Congress passed the
Sherman Antitrust Act "to protect trade and commerce
against unlawful restraint and monopoly." This act
aimed to prevent monopolies in the United States by
big corporations.
Question 10
In the late 1800s, the United States government became
increasingly concerned about the lack of competition in
certain industries as large corporations and trusts were
formed. In 1890, Congress passed the Sherman Antitrust
Act. What was the goal of this act?
A.to encourage people to trust the economy
B.to prevent people from losing money in the stock
market
C.to encourage businesses to invest in new technologies
D.to prevent monopolies by big corporations or trusts
Question 11
Which term best describes journalists who worked to
expose abuses of corporate power, thereby gathering
public support for regulation and reform, during the
Progressive Era?
A.unionizers
B.trustbusters
C.suffragists
D.muckrakers
Flashcard 11
Journalists who exposed poor working conditions and
injustice were known as muckrakers. Famous
muckrakers included Upton Sinclair and Jacob Riis.
Sinclair brought about government regulation of the
meat-packing industry with his book The Jungle.
Question 11
Which term best describes journalists who worked to
expose abuses of corporate power, thereby gathering
public support for regulation and reform, during the
Progressive Era?
A.unionizers
B.trustbusters
C.suffragists
D.muckrakers
Question 12
● Which practice does the photo
show that Progressive leaders were
trying to regulate?
A.child labor
B.indentured servitude
C.assembly lines
D.union organization
Flashcard 12
Progressive leaders had many goals for labor reform,
including child labor regulation. The boys in the
picture above are typical of many child workers during
the early 20th century. Progressives hoped to get kids
out of the factories and into schools.
Question 12
● Which practice does the photo
show that Progressive leaders were
trying to regulate?
A.child labor
B.indentured servitude
C.assembly lines
D.union organization
Question 13
Woodrow Wilson promoted a new policy that would
modify antitrust laws, revise tariffs, and reform
American banking and currency. What was Wilson's
new policy called?
A.the Square Deal
B.the New Deal
C.the Great Society
D.the New Freedom
Flashcard 13
President Wilson's new policy was the New Freedom.
Wilson promoted the policy during his campaign for
the presidency. The New Freedom policy sought to
reform many domestic issues in the United States.
Once Wilson was elected, he began to focus on
traditional reform methods, much like those of
President Theodore Roosevelt and President William
Howard Taft.
Question 13
Woodrow Wilson promoted a new policy that would
modify antitrust laws, revise tariffs, and reform
American banking and currency. What was Wilson's
new policy called?
A.the Square Deal
B.the New Deal
C.the Great Society
D.the New Freedom
Question 14
Which amendment resulted in U.S. senators being
elected directly by the voting public?
A.the 19th Amendment
B.the 21st Amendment
C.the 17th Amendment
D.the 18th Amendment
Flashcard 14
The 17th Amendment was a Progressive Era
amendment that was ratified on May 31, 1913, and
provided for the popular election of Senators.
Question 14
Which amendment resulted in U.S. senators being
elected directly by the voting public?
A.the 19th Amendment
B.the 21st Amendment
C.the 17th Amendment
D.the 18th Amendment
Question 15
What did the 16th Amendment accomplish?
A.It established an income tax.
B.It prohibited the sale of alcohol.
C.It provided for the popular election of Senators.
D.It granted suffrage to women.
Flashcard 15
The 16th Amendment was a Progressive Era
amendment that was ratified on February 25th, 1913.
It provided for the establishment for an income tax:
"The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes
on incomes."
●
Question 15
What did the 16th Amendment accomplish?
A.It established an income tax.
B.It prohibited the sale of alcohol.
C.It provided for the popular election of Senators.
D.It granted suffrage to women.
Isolationism through the Great
War
THE TRANSITION IN US FOREIGN POLICY FROM
ISOLATIONISM TO INTERNATIONALISM FROM THE
LATE NINETEENTH CENTURY TO THE END OF WORLD
WAR I
Question 1
The US became a superpower around the turn of
the twentieth century. This was because the US was
able to create a stepping stone to the commerce of
1.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Africa
Asia
Spain
Cuba
Question 1
One of the reasons for U.S. involvement in the Spanish
American War was to increase its involvement in the
commerce of Asia.
The United States was looking for new overseas markets to
sell American products.
The U.S. knew that if it was to take islands in the Pacific, it
would be able to create a stepping stone to Asia, where
lucrative commerce was taking place.
Also, the United States was very interested in the raw
materials found on some of the Pacific islands.
Question 1
The US became a superpower around the turn of
the twentieth century. This was because the US was
able to create a stepping stone to the commerce of
1.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Africa
Asia
Spain
Cuba
Question 2
2. Which of the following best completes the chart?
A. Jamaica
B. The Philippines
C. Haiti
D. the Dominican Republic
Question 2
Under the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1898, Spain
ceded Guam and Puerto Rico to the United States.
Spain also sold the Philippines to the U.S. for $20
million.
Filipinos, however, wanted to become an independent
country and fought against the U.S.
In 1899, Emilio Aguinaldo declared himself president
of the new Philippine Republic, and shortly thereafter,
the Philippine Republic declared war on the United
States. The fighting continued until 1902.
Question 2
2. Which of the following best completes the chart?
A. Jamaica
B. The Philippines
C. Haiti
D. the Dominican Republic
Question 3
3. One of President Theodore Roosevelt’s favorite phrases
was an African proverb “ Speak softly, and carry a big stick,
you will go far.” Roosevelt’s foreign policy became known
as big stick diplomacy. What statement best describes big
stick diplomacy?
A. the promotion of democracy in all countries
B. the pledge to remain neutral in the foreign affairs
C. The creation of economic policies to benefit the US
D. The threat of using military force in foreign policy
Question 3
Big stick diplomacy, also known as the Roosevelt
Corollary, included the idea that military force should
be used in order to protect America's interests in
foreign countries.
President Roosevelt used big stick diplomacy in
foreign policy issues related to Latin America.
Question 3
3. One of President Theodore Roosevelt’s favorite phrases
was an African proverb “ Speak softly, and carry a big stick,
you will go far.” Roosevelt’s foreign policy became known
as big stick diplomacy. What statement best describes big
stick diplomacy?
A. the promotion of democracy in all countries
B. the pledge to remain neutral in the foreign affairs
C. The creation of economic policies to benefit the US
D. The threat of using military force in foreign policy
Question 4
4. In a 1904 address to Congress, President Theodore
Roosevelt stated that the United States would intervene in
the finances of countries in the Western Hemisphere who
were unable to pay their debts to foreign creditors. Known
as the Roosevelt Corollary, this was an addition to which
U.S. foreign policy?
A. the Monroe Doctrine
B. the Open Door Policy
C. the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty
D. the Treaty of Paris of 1898
Question 4
In the Roosevelt Corollary, President Theodore Roosevelt
stated:
"Chronic wrongdoing, or an impotence which results in a
general loosening of the ties of civilized society, may in
America, as elsewhere, ultimately require intervention by
some civilized nation, and in the Western Hemisphere the
adherence of the United States to the Monroe Doctrine
may force the United States, however reluctantly, in
flagrant cases of such wrongdoing or impotence, to the
exercise of an international police power."
The Roosevelt Corollary was Roosevelt's addition to the
Monroe Doctrine and was used to justify American
intervention in several Latin American countries.
Question 4
4. In a 1904 address to Congress, President Theodore
Roosevelt stated that the United States would intervene in
the finances of countries in the Western Hemisphere who
were unable to pay their debts to foreign creditors. Known
as the Roosevelt Corollary, this was an addition to which
U.S. foreign policy?
A. the Monroe Doctrine
B. the Open Door Policy
C. the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty
D. the Treaty of Paris of 1898
Question 5
5. One of the reasons that many Americans were
supportive of the Spanish-American War is that they had
been exposed to pro-war sentiments in newspapers that
often exaggerated the severity of the situation that existed
in Cuba. William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer
were two newspaper owners who tried to increase the
circulation of their newspapers by publishing sensational
stories. Which term best describes this type of journalism?
A. Muckraking
B. investigative reporting
C. watchdog journalism
D. yellow journalism
Question 5
Yellow journalism is the term used to describe the
tactics used by William Randolph Hearst and Joseph
Pulitzer.
In publishing sensational stories that often
exaggerated the conditions in Cuba, these newspaper
owners contributed to the American public's support
of the U.S. declaring war on the Spanish.
Question 5
5. One of the reasons that many Americans were
supportive of the Spanish-American War is that they had
been exposed to pro-war sentiments in newspapers that
often exaggerated the severity of the situation that existed
in Cuba. William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer
were two newspaper owners who tried to increase the
circulation of their newspapers by publishing sensational
stories. Which term best describes this type of journalism?
A. Muckraking
B. investigative reporting
C. watchdog journalism
D. yellow journalism
Question 6
6. According to the map used here, which of the following statements is true regarding the outcome of World War
I?
●
●
●
●
World War I resulted in the dissolution of the German, Austro-Hungarian, and Ottoman Empires.
Disputes regarding territory between Germany and France were finally settled after years of conflict.
Country borders following the war were re-drawn to reflect land lost to imperialist policies.
All European countries were satisfied with the outcome of the war and the terms of the Treaty of Versailles.
Question 6
One of the major results of World War I was the
dissolution of the German Empire, the AustroHungarian Empire, and Ottoman Empire.
These three empires had wielded great power in the
years prior to the war.
Question 6
6. According to the map used here, which of the following statements is true regarding the outcome of World War
I?
●
●
●
●
World War I resulted in the dissolution of the German, Austro-Hungarian, and Ottoman Empires.
Disputes regarding territory between Germany and France were finally settled after years of conflict.
Country borders following the war were re-drawn to reflect land lost to imperialist policies.
All European countries were satisfied with the outcome of the war and the terms of the Treaty of Versailles.
Question 7
7. This propaganda poster from World
War I was most likely saying that
A. the war effort would be helped the most
if women stayed at home and farmed.
B. women should work in munition plants
in support of the war effort.
C. more people should plant their own
food in order to help win the war.
D. people should attempt to cut back on
how much food the consume daily.
Question 7
● Propaganda posters like the one used here were an important
tool utilized by world governments during World War I. This
particular poster was encouraging people on the home front to
plant "victory gardens." A victory garden was any garden
where people grew their own fruit or vegetables.
● Many different kinds of food were rationed by the government
during the war because the government needed to send as
much food and supplies as possible to soldiers fighting in the
war.
● The government used posters like this one to show that, if
people planted their own food, they could actually help win
the war because more food could go to U.S. soldiers. In this
instance, the poster is likening food to munition, implying
that food for the soldiers is just as important as bullets.
Question 7
7. This propaganda poster from World
War I was most likely saying that
A. the war effort would be helped the most
if women stayed at home and farmed.
B. women should work in munition plants
in support of the war effort.
C. more people should plant their own
food in order to help win the war.
D. people should attempt to cut back on
how much food the consume daily.
Question 8
8. The picture above best
represents
A. the dangers associated
with chemical warfare.
B. the efficiency of aerial
bombardment.
C. the economic hardships on
the home front.
D. the threats of the
battlefield during the war.
Question 8
The soldiers in the picture used here were a British
machine gun crew from World War I. The men are
wearing gas masks to protect against mustard gas.
Both mustard gas and machine guns were new to
warfare beginning in World War I. These innovations
and more made the World War I battlefield much
more dangerous than previous wars.
Question 8
8. The picture above best
represents
A. the dangers associated
with chemical warfare.
B. the efficiency of aerial
bombardment.
C. the economic hardships on
the home front.
D. the threats of the
battlefield during the war.
Question 9
9. The quotation above comes from Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen
Points. This quotation was the fourteenth point and relates
directly to which of the following?
A. the abolition of using warfare to settle international disputes
B. the introduction of the policy of self-determination
C. the creation of the League of Nations
D. the establishment of an independent Polish state
Question 9
The quotation used here from Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen
Points refers directly to the creation of the League of
Nations.
President Wilson believed that an international
organization should be set up in order to prevent war by
promoting collective security and disarmament.
The U.S. Congress, however, failed to approve U.S.
participation in the League. Members of the Senate led by
Henry Cabot Lodge believed that U.S. participation in the
League would hinder American political freedom.
Question 9
9. The quotation above comes from Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen
Points. This quotation was the fourteenth point and relates
directly to which of the following?
A. the abolition of using warfare to settle international disputes
B. the introduction of the policy of self-determination
C. the creation of the League of Nations
D. the establishment of an independent Polish state
Question 10
10. The Treaty of Versailles brought an end to World
War I and placed sole responsibility for the war on
which country?
A.France
B.Austria
C.Germany
D.United States
Question 10
The Treaty of Versailles brought an end to the war and
placed responsibility for starting the war entirely on
Germany. The treaty included "war guilt" clauses
meant to punish Germany.
For example, Germany was required to pay reparations
of approximately $11 billion to the Allied countries and
to strip its military to no more than 100,000 troops.
Question 10
10. The Treaty of Versailles brought an end to World
War I and placed sole responsibility for the war on
which country?
A.France
B.Austria
C.Germany
D.United States
Question 11
11. The man pictured here was
assassinated by a group of
extreme Serbian nationalists on
June 28, 1914, an event that
acted as a trigger to the fighting
in World War I. His name was
A.Francisco Franco.
B.Benito Mussolini.
C.Joseph Stalin.
D.Franz Ferdinand.
Question 10
Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated in
Bosnia and Herzegovina by a group of extreme Serbian
nationalists called the Black Hand.
This group was dedicated to the goal of uniting all of the
territories containing South Slavs, a subdivision of the
Slavic people, that had been previously annexed AustriaHungary.
The group's assassination of the archduke is considered by
historians to have been the main catalyst to the start of
World War I.
Question 10
11. The man pictured here was
assassinated by a group of
extreme Serbian nationalists on
June 28, 1914, an event that
acted as a trigger to the fighting
in World War I. His name was
A.Francisco Franco.
B.Benito Mussolini.
C.Joseph Stalin.
D.Franz Ferdinand.
Question 12
12. Which policy did the United States adopt when
World War I first broke out in Europe?
A.Imperialism
B.Pacifism
C.Militarism
D.Isolationism
Question 12
Isolationism refers a foreign policy that is both
militarily non-interventionist and economically
protectionist.
The United States attempted to follow a policy of
isolationist throughout a greater part of its history,
especially when dealing with European wars.
This policy became difficult for the U.S. to maintain in
both World War I and World War II.
Question 12
12. Which policy did the United States adopt when
World War I first broke out in Europe?
A.Imperialism
B.Pacifism
C.Militarism
D.Isolationism
Question 13
13. The quotation above came immediately before which of
the following?
A.the sinking of the Lusitania by German
submarines
B.the bombing of Pearl Harbor by Imperial Japan
C.the establishment of the League of Nations
D.the entry of the United States into World War I
Question 14
14. Which event from the
timeline most likely had
the biggest impact on
German citizens on the
home front?
A.publishing the
Zimmermann Telegram
B.trench warfare
C.sinking of the Lusitania
D.British naval blockade
Question 14
The quotation used here was part of President Woodrow
Wilson's War Message to Congress on April 2, 1917.
Wilson had called a special meeting of Congress in order to
ask for a declaration of war against Germany.
In the message, Wilson stated that World War I, being
instigated and continued by Germany, was a war "against
mankind... it is a war against all nations."
Wilson then requested that the United States enter the war
on the side of the Allied Powers.
Question 14
14. Which event from the
timeline most likely had
the biggest impact on
German citizens on the
home front?
A.publishing the
Zimmermann Telegram
B.trench warfare
C.sinking of the Lusitania
D.British naval blockade
Question 15
15. Of the following choices, the U.S. decision to enter
World War I was most likely the result of
A.the beginning of the British naval blockade of
Germany in August 1914.
B.the ensuing stalemate of the Western Front by
September of 1914
C.the announcement to resume unrestricted
submarine warfare in January of 1917.
D.the attack on the merchant vessel HMS Lusitania in
February of 1915.
Question 15
The U.S. tried to remain neutral for the early years of the
war, but American sentiment slowly turned against
Germany and its allies.
The sinking of the Lusitania in 1915 angered Americans,
but most were mollified once Germany promised to stop its
policy of submarine warfare against merchant ships.
When the Germans stated in 1917 that they would again be
returning to the policy, the U.S. was forced to enter the
war.
Question 15
15. Of the following choices, the U.S. decision to enter
World War I was most likely the result of
A.the beginning of the British naval blockade of
Germany in August 1914.
B.the ensuing stalemate of the Western Front by
September of 1914
C.the announcement to resume unrestricted
submarine warfare in January of 1917.
D.the attack on the merchant vessel HMS Lusitania in
February of 1915.
Question 16
16. Why was it difficult for the United States to stay neutral
during the first part of World War I?
A.As a part of the League of Nations, the U.S. was required
to aid its allies in the war effort.
B.The U.S. wanted to stop the spread of communism
occurring during World War I.
C.The U.S. had a close relationship with Great Britain, and
the war interfered with trade.
D.American territory, including the Philippines, was
invaded by the Central Powers.
Question 16
● The United States maintained neutrality for the first
few years of World War I.
● This proved difficult due to America's close
relationship with Great Britain and the interruptions
to trade.
● Public opinion slowly turned against Germany
during the later years of the war and American
involvement eventually became inevitable.
Question 16
16. Why was it difficult for the United States to stay neutral
during the first part of World War I?
A.As a part of the League of Nations, the U.S. was required
to aid its allies in the war effort.
B.The U.S. wanted to stop the spread of communism
occurring during World War I.
C.The U.S. had a close relationship with Great Britain, and
the war interfered with trade.
D.American territory, including the Philippines, was
invaded by the Central Powers.
Question 17
Beginning in January 1919, delegates
from all of the Allied countries met at
the Paris Peace Conference to
negotiate peace treaties between
them and the Central Powers. The
Allied powers and Germany signed
the Treaty of Versailles. Portions of
Germany's prewar territory were
taken away. Germany was disarmed
and forced to accept an Allied military
occupation of the Rhineland. It was
required to give up its colonial
empire. Germany was forced to
accept responsibility for the outbreak
of the war. It was required to pay the
cost of repairing the wartime damage,
known as reparations.
17. Which of the following statements
is true about the Treaty of Versailles?
A.The Treaty of Versailles created the
United Nations.
B.The Treaty of Versailles punished
Russia.
C.The Treaty of Versailles was
favorable to Germany.
D.The Treaty of Versailles punished
Germany.
Question 17
● The Treaty of Versailles ended World War I and
punished Germany, placing the blame on this nation
and removing its military strength.
Question 17
Beginning in January 1919, delegates
from all of the Allied countries met at
the Paris Peace Conference to
negotiate peace treaties between
them and the Central Powers. The
Allied powers and Germany signed
the Treaty of Versailles. Portions of
Germany's prewar territory were
taken away. Germany was disarmed
and forced to accept an Allied military
occupation of the Rhineland. It was
required to give up its colonial
empire. Germany was forced to
accept responsibility for the outbreak
of the war. It was required to pay the
cost of repairing the wartime damage,
known as reparations.
17. Which of the following statements
is true about the Treaty of Versailles?
A.The Treaty of Versailles created the
United Nations.
B.The Treaty of Versailles punished
Russia.
C.The Treaty of Versailles was
favorable to Germany.
D.The Treaty of Versailles punished
Germany.
Question 18
18. The 1918 Sedition Act was written as an amendment to the Espionage Act.
Here is a portion of the text:
Which of the following was a negative consequence of the Sedition Act?
A.It cost too much money to enforce.
B.It interfered with the U.S. war effort.
●It restricted American civil liberties.
●It took power away from the government.
Question 18
● After the United States joined World War I in 1917, the
Espionage Act was passed to punish Americans who
attempted to help enemy countries.
● However, President Woodrow Wilson and the U.S.
government still feared that people could hurt the war effort
by even speaking against the war.
● In 1918, the Sedition Act was added to the Espionage Act. This
act made it illegal for anyone to lie about the government, to
encourage people to support the United States' enemies, to
encourage people to refuse being drafted, or to even write or
say anything negative about the government.
● This was a huge restriction on American civil liberties. Even
though the Supreme Court had supported the Sedition Act as
constitutional, it was repealed in 1921.
Question 18
18. The 1918 Sedition Act was written as an amendment to the Espionage Act.
Here is a portion of the text:
Which of the following was a negative consequence of the Sedition Act?
A.It cost too much money to enforce.
B.It interfered with the U.S. war effort.
●It restricted American civil liberties.
●It took power away from the government.
Question 19
19. The First Red Scare began in 1917 and lasted until
about 1920. It was caused by a fear of anarchists and
A.communists.
B.German spies.
C.fascists.
D.Japanese spies.
Question 19
● The First Red Scare was a nation-wide fear of anarchists
and communists that took place near the end of World
War I.
● At this time, Russia was involved in a civil war that would
end with the Soviet Union taking control.
● In the United States, communist and socialist
organizations spoke violently against the U.S.
government, while some people had even used bombs
against buildings and politicians.
● There was a fear that European immigrants were
bringing violent communism with them to the United
States, so the government responded with investigations
and measures such as the Palmer Raids.
Question 19
19. The First Red Scare began in 1917 and lasted until
about 1920. It was caused by a fear of anarchists and
A.communists.
B.German spies.
C.fascists.
D.Japanese spies.
Becoming a World power through
World War II
EXAMINE THE SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, AND POLITICAL
STRUGGLES AND ACHIEVEMENTS THAT
Question 1
1.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which of the following statements is true about the
1920s?
It was an era of increased government participation
in business and extremely liberal politics.
It was an era of extreme economic growth, big
social changes, and political conservatism.
It was an era of economic hardship, radical politics,
and intense involvement in world affairs.
It was an era of slow economic growth, limited
prosperity, and little social change.
Question 1
● The 1920s was an era of extreme economic growth,
with an explosion of new products like the
automobile.
● It also saw big social changes, like the changing role
of women and the emergence of popular culture and
advertising.
● Finally, it was clearly an era of political
conservatism, with a string of Republican presidents
and the Red Scare that demonized all liberals and
radicals.
Question 1
1.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which of the following statements is true about the
1920s?
It was an era of increased government participation
in business and extremely liberal politics.
It was an era of extreme economic growth, big
social changes, and political conservatism.
It was an era of economic hardship, radical politics,
and intense involvement in world affairs.
It was an era of slow economic growth, limited
prosperity, and little social change.
Question 2
2. Prohibition led to a rise in
A.gangster warfare.
B.church attendance
C.urban poverty
D.tobacco use.
Question 2
● Prohibition led to a rise in gangster warfare as rival
mob bosses competed in the bootlegging business.
● Though alcohol was illegal, there was still strong
demand, which the black market rushed to supply.
The center of this conflict was Chicago, home of Al
Capone.
Question 2
2. Prohibition led to a rise in
A.gangster warfare.
B.church attendance
C.urban poverty
D.tobacco use.
Question 3
3. Why did many African Americans in the U.S.
migrate from Southern cities to Northeastern and
Midwestern cities during World War I?
A.for job opportunities
B.for the cooler climate
C.to enlist in the war
D.to be closer to Canada
Question 3
● World War I caused the flow of European immigrants to
the U.S. to drastically slow down, causing worker
shortages in industrial areas in the Northeast and
Midwest.
● This immigration blockage created jobs in the Northeast
and Midwest regions of the U.S., offering African
Americans an opportunity to fill these vacancies.
● Since there was still plenty of racial tension in the South,
many African Americans also wanted to move away from
the South to a location where racial obstacles were less
troublesome.
Question 3
3. Why did many African Americans in the U.S.
migrate from Southern cities to Northeastern and
Midwestern cities during World War I?
A.for job opportunities
B.for the cooler climate
C.to enlist in the war
D.to be closer to Canada
Question 4
4. What led to Prohibition?
A.Police officers were tired of arresting violent
alcoholics.
B.President Wilson wanted to set an example for other
nations.
C.Many groups believed alcohol led to the moral decay
of society.
D.Scientists believed that alcohol would cause birth
defects.
Question 4
● From 1920 until 1933, the production or sale of
alcohol was prohibited.
● Many organizations had pushed for Prohibition
because they believed alcohol was responsible for the
moral decay of society.
● Unfortunately, Prohibition caused violence and led
to the rise of organized crime as people found ways
to sell or smuggle alcohol.
● Prohibition was repealed in 1933, when the Twentyfirst Amendment was passed.
Question 4
4. What led to Prohibition?
A.Police officers were tired of arresting violent
alcoholics.
B.President Wilson wanted to set an example for other
nations.
C.Many groups believed alcohol led to the moral decay
of society.
D.Scientists believed that alcohol would cause birth
defects.
Question 5
5. During the 1930s, a severe drought hit the Great
Plains making it impossible to farm in most of the
region. This was known as the Dust Bowl because dust
storms were quite common. As a result of the Dust
Bowl, many people moved out of the region to
A.the Southeast.
B.the Upper Midwest.
C.the West Coast.
D.New England.
Question 5
● During the Dust Bowl, thousands of farmers from
Oklahoma, Texas, and other parts of the Great Plains
moved to California and other areas in the West.
● They moved after suffering from the devastating
effects of the drought, dust storms, and overall bad
economic conditions that existed because of the
Great Depression.
● Many people lost their homes because of the
environmental conditions caused by the dust storms
and were facing starvation. Many people moved to
California with the hopes of finding agricultural jobs.
Question 5
5. During the 1930s, a severe drought hit the Great
Plains making it impossible to farm in most of the
region. This was known as the Dust Bowl because dust
storms were quite common. As a result of the Dust
Bowl, many people moved out of the region to
A.the Southeast.
B.the Upper Midwest.
C.the West Coast.
D.New England.
Question 6
6. Which politician attempted to create new programs
of wealth distribution, known as the Share Our Wealth
Society, in order to balance the poverty caused by the
Great Depression?
A.Herbert Hoover
B.Huey Long
C.Franklin Roosevelt
D.Frances Perkins
Question 6
● Huey Long was the governor of Louisiana who had
great political aspirations.
● Though he once supported FDR's New Deal, he later
claimed it was not accomplishing enough.
● His solution was the creation of the Share Our
Wealth Society.
● He believed it was the unequal distribution of wealth
that had led America into the Great Depression.
Question 6
6. Which politician attempted to create new programs
of wealth distribution, known as the Share Our Wealth
Society, in order to balance the poverty caused by the
Great Depression?
A.Herbert Hoover
B.Huey Long
C.Franklin Roosevelt
D.Frances Perkins
Question 7
7. The items listed in the box above were all part of
which legislation that went into effect during the
Great Depression?
A.the National Industrial Recovery Act
B.the Agricultural Adjustment Act
C.the Fair Labor Standards Act
D.the Emergency Banking Act
Question 7
Passed in 1938, the Fair Labor Standards Act was a
national law that helped workers throughout the
country.
It established a minimum wage and set up a 40-hour
work week. It also required that certain types of
workers be compensated for working overtime. The act
also prohibited child labor.
Question 7
7. The items listed in the box above were all part of
which legislation that went into effect during the
Great Depression?
A.the National Industrial Recovery Act
B.the Agricultural Adjustment Act
C.the Fair Labor Standards Act
D.the Emergency Banking Act
Question 8
8. Prior to World War II, Japan, led by the military
leadership of General Hideki Tojo, had focused its
imperialist desires on which country?
A.Korea
B.China
C.Thailand
D.India
Question 8
● Japan and China had been fighting on and off
throughout the decade prior the Japanese invasion
of China in July of 1937.
● Under the military leadership of General Tojo, Japan
had great imperialist desires, and they centered on
China during the 1930s.
● Japan's aggression toward its neighbor eventually
led to international intervention.
● Japan became allied with the Germany and Italy
during WWII, while China was backed by the Allied
powers.
Question 8
8. Prior to World War II, Japan, led by the military
leadership of General Hideki Tojo, had focused its
imperialist desires on which country?
A.Korea
B.China
C.Thailand
D.India
Question 9
9. The chart describes events in which
country?
A.Russia
B.Japan
C.Germany
D.Italy
Question 9
● Unlike Germany and Italy, the Japanese Empire did
not become a fascist dictatorship in the 20th century;
it remained imperialistic.
● Japan's military felt it had not benefitted much from
winning World War I.
● The military gradually gained more influence over
Japan between the wars, overshadowing the nation's
democratic government.
● The Japanese army occupied Manchuria (northern
China) in 1931, and it began invading the rest of
China in 1936.
Question 9
9. The chart describes events in which
country?
A.Russia
B.Japan
C.Germany
D.Italy
Question 10
10. What effect did the Great Depression have on
fascism, communism, and other similar movements in
Europe and Asia?
A.It strengthened them because people were eager to
fight new wars against enemy countries.
B.It weakened them because it convinced people that
democracy had control over the situation.
C.It weakened them because the movements were
unable to stop the Depression from happening.
D.It strengthened them because people felt a stronger
government could improve the economy.
Question 10
● The Great Depression affected nearly every country
in the world. Nations like the United States and
Britain were able to manage the Depression with
their democratic governments.
● In nations like Italy, Germany, Spain, and Japan,
their governments became stronger and began to
lose democratic aspects.
● Fascist and communist movements promised to
improve the economy of their countries, and this was
appealing to many people.
Question 10
10. What effect did the Great Depression have on
fascism, communism, and other similar movements in
Europe and Asia?
A.It strengthened them because people were eager to
fight new wars against enemy countries.
B.It weakened them because it convinced people that
democracy had control over the situation.
C.It weakened them because the movements were
unable to stop the Depression from happening.
D.It strengthened them because people felt a stronger
government could improve the economy.
Question 11
11. A controversy regarding the use of the atomic
bombs at the end of World War II began almost
immediately after the war. Those who argue against
the use of the atomic bombs state that
A.they led to the surrender of Japan.
B.they were needed to end the war.
C.they were not required militarily.
D.they made an invasion unnecessary.
Question 11
● Those who argue against the use of the atomic
bombs at the end of World War II state that the
bombs were militarily unnecessary.
● Proponents of this argument believe that Japan
would have surrendered eventually even without the
use of the bombs.
● On the other side of the controversy, those who
support the use of the atomic bombs believe that the
bombs brought the war to a speedy end and saved
the lives of those who would have been lost in an
invasion of Japan.
Question 11
11. A controversy regarding the use of the atomic
bombs at the end of World War II began almost
immediately after the war. Those who argue against
the use of the atomic bombs state that
A.they led to the surrender of Japan.
B.they were needed to end the war.
C.they were not required militarily.
D.they made an invasion unnecessary.
Question 12
12. During World War II, the Nazis devised a plan to get rid
of all Jews in Europe by killing them. This was known as
the "final solution." As part of the final solution, hundreds
of thousands of Jews were taken to extermination camps.
What brought about the end of Nazi extermination camps?
A.The camps were liberated by Allied forces near the end of
the war.
B.Once the Nazis had killed all of the Jews, the camps were
no longer needed.
C.The Nazis could not maintain control of the camps and
eventually ended them.
D.The camps were closed after the United States dropped
atomic bombs on Japan.
Question 12
● Allied forces liberated Nazi extermination and
concentration camps in 1945.
● On January 27, 1945, the Soviets liberated Auschwitz
in Poland.
● In April 1945, British troops liberated the BergenBelsen camp in Germany, and U.S. troops liberated
the Dachau camp, also in Germany.
Question 12
12. During World War II, the Nazis devised a plan to get rid
of all Jews in Europe by killing them. This was known as
the "final solution." As part of the final solution, hundreds
of thousands of Jews were taken to extermination camps.
What brought about the end of Nazi extermination camps?
A.The camps were liberated by Allied forces near the end of
the war.
B.Once the Nazis had killed all of the Jews, the camps were
no longer needed.
C.The Nazis could not maintain control of the camps and
eventually ended them.
D.The camps were closed after the United States dropped
atomic bombs on Japan.
Question 13
13. Which World War II battle marked a turning point
for fighting in the Pacific?
A.Battle of Midway
B.Battle of Stalingrad
C.Battle of Iwo Jima
D.Battle of the Bulge
Question 13
● The Battle of Midway, which occurred in 1942, was a
turning point in the Pacific theater of the War in the
Allies' favor.
● However, it would take several more victories (and
ultimately the use of the atomic bomb) to conclude
fighting in this region.
Question 13
13. Which World War II battle marked a turning point
for fighting in the Pacific?
A.Battle of Midway
B.Battle of Stalingrad
C.Battle of Iwo Jima
D.Battle of the Bulge
Question 14
14. What is one reason the United States emerged from
World War II a clear world power?
A.The United States suffered the most loss of life of any
country during the war.
B.The United States suffered fewer casualties during
the war.
C.The United States took over the most land in Europe
after the war.
D.The United States had the largest population in the
world at the end of the war.
Question 14
● There are several reasons the United States emerged
from World War II a world power.
● The U.S. suffered a small loss of life compared to
other nations involved in the war.
● Also, the battles and bombing (with the exception of
Pearl Harbor) took place on foreign soil.
Question 14
14. What is one reason the United States emerged from
World War II a clear world power?
A.The United States suffered the most loss of life of any
country during the war.
B.The United States suffered fewer casualties during
the war.
C.The United States took over the most land in Europe
after the war.
D.The United States had the largest population in the
world at the end of the war.
Constructed Response
● In 1933, Congress began
enacting legislation as
part of President
Roosevelt’s New Deal
program to reinvigorate
the U.S. economy during
the Great Depression.
Today, a debate still
rages over whether the
New Deal was actually
good for the nation.
● Part A
○ Describe the purpose of the New Deal.
● Part B
○ Explain your opinion about whether the New Deal was good or
bad for the nation, providing at least two reasons to support
your opinion.
● Part C
○ Describe one counterargument to the opinion you stated in
part B, and provide the reason this counterargument does not
sway your opinion.
Rubric
Part A
When Roosevelt was inaugurated in 1933, the nation was
mired in the economic collapse of the Great Depression.
The stock market had crashed, unemployment was high,
banks were failing, and the nation badly needed an
economic boost. The programs that made up the New Deal
generally resulted in significant government spending that
was meant to provide that boost.
OR
Other valid response
Part B
I believe the New Deal was a good plan for this ailing nation. First, programs
such as Public Works Administration created jobs and helped strengthen the
nation's infrastructure. Second, the Civilian Conservation Corps also created
jobs with environmentally sound conservation projects. Both of these
programs provided immediate and long-term benefits.
OR
Other valid reasons or examples in support of or opposing the New Deal,
including but not limited to:
●The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation gave Americans a guarantee that
if the banks failed again, their deposits would be protected.
●The Social Security Act provided income for Americans in their senior years.
●For opposing arguments, see Part C, below.
Part C
●
Many Americans criticized the New Deal, saying it made government too large. Yes,
government would grow, however, given that the Great Depression was the most catastrophic
economic collapse in the nation's history, unprecedented measures were called for. Private
industry could not or would not spend as much as the U.S. Federal Government.
OR
Other valid counterarguments and rebuttals in support of or opposing the New Deal, including but
not limited to:
● Some Americans wondered how Roosevelt would pay for his New Deal programs. Yes, the
programs would be quite expensive, however, given that the Great Depression was the most
catastrophic economic collapse in the nation's history, unprecedented measures were called for.
Private industry could not or would not spend as much as the U.S. Federal Government.
● Some Americans believed that the New Deal was pushing the U.S. toward socialism. But those
who feared socialism were likely afraid of Communism in the wake of the Red Scare of prior
decades rather than actually fearing the U.S. would become a socialist state.
● For counterarguments supporting the New Deal and their rebuttals, see Part B, above.
The Modern Age
STANDARD 6
Question 1
What was the Supreme Court decision in Brown v.
Board of Education of Topeka?
A.Public schools should be integrated.
B.Teachers should earn a higher salary.
C.Education should involve all religions.
D.Public schools should be separate, but equal.
Brown v. Board of Education, 1954
In this case, NAACP lawyer Thurgood Marshall
successfully argued that segregated schools violated
the 14th Amendment to the Constitution. The
Supreme Court ruled that segregation in public
schools was not constitutional due to the fact that
separate facilities were by nature unequal. This
landmark ruling overturned the previous ruling in
the Plessy v. Fergusoncase. While schools were
ordered to be desegregated, other forms of
segregation were still allowed to exist.
Question 1
What was the Supreme Court decision in Brown v.
Board of Education of Topeka?
A.Public schools should be integrated.
B.Teachers should earn a higher salary.
C.Education should involve all religions.
D.Public schools should be separate, but equal.
Question 2
In the Supreme Court case Gideon v. Wainwright, a
unanimous decision was made that stated
A.every suspect accused of a crime is to be read their
rights upon being arrested.
B.all defendants are to be provided with a trial by jury
no matter how severe the crime.
C.defendants are to be provided legal counsel by the
state if they are unable to afford one.
D.repeat offenders are to receive a mandatory jail
sentence as well as community service.
Gideon v. Wainwright, 1963
This case determined that state courts are required to
provide lawyers in criminal cases when defendants
are unable to afford their own attorneys. The Court
ruled that the right to have legal counsel is protected
by the 6th Amendment.
Question 2
In the Supreme Court case Gideon v. Wainwright, a
unanimous decision was made that stated
A.every suspect accused of a crime is to be read their
rights upon being arrested.
B.all defendants are to be provided with a trial by jury
no matter how severe the crime.
C.defendants are to be provided legal counsel by the
state if they are unable to afford one.
D.repeat offenders are to receive a mandatory jail
sentence as well as community service.
Question 3
You have the right to remain silent and refuse to answer questions. Anything
you do or say may be used against you in a court of law. You have the right
to consult an attorney before speaking to the police and to have an attorney
present during questioning now or in the future. If you cannot afford an
attorney, one will be appointed for you before any questioning if you wish. If
you decide to answer questions now without an attorney present you will
still have the right to stop answering at any time until you talk to an
attorney.
The rights above are read to those who are arrested. Which
Supreme Court decision made this procedure standard?
A. Miranda v. Arizona
B. Griswold v. Connecticut
C. Olmstead v. United States
D. Gideon v. Wainwright
Question 3
The rights above are read to those who are arrested. Which
Supreme Court decision made this procedure standard?
A. Miranda v. Arizona
B. Griswold v. Connecticut
C. Olmstead v. United States
D. Gideon v. Wainwright
Question 4
The principle that abortion is legal under the
constitutionally protected right to privacy was
established by
A.Griswold v. Connecticut.
B.Miranda v. Arizona.
C.Roe v. Wade.
D.Marbury v. Madison.
Roe v. Wade, 1973
The Roe v. Wade case was a landmark Supreme Court
decision because it legalized abortion throughout the
United States.The Court ruled that state laws
prohibiting abortion were unconstitutional because
they violated a woman's right to privacy, which was
protected by the 14th Amendment
Question 4
The principle that abortion is legal under the
constitutionally protected right to privacy was
established by
A.Griswold v. Connecticut.
B.Miranda v. Arizona.
C.Roe v. Wade.
D.Marbury v. Madison.
Question 5
Which African American was nominated by George
H.W. Bush in 1991 to serve on the Supreme Court?
A.Condoleezza Rice
B.Thurgood Marshall
C.Colin Powell
D.Clarence Thomas
Thurgood Marshall
The first African American to serve on the Supreme
Court. He was chosen by Lyndon B. Johnson in 1967
and served until 1991.
Question 5
Which African American was nominated by George
H.W. Bush in 1991 to serve on the Supreme Court?
A.Condoleezza Rice
B.Thurgood Marshall
C.Colin Powell
D.Clarence Thomas
Read the following slides in order to answer
questions 6, 7 and 8.
Ronald Reagan
Economic policy was an important part of Reagan's
presidency. A policy that came to be known
as Reaganomics, or supply-side economics, focused on
influencing the supply of labor and goods as a way to
economic stability.
This economic theory asserts that tax cuts for businesses and
high-income individuals would contribute to new investment
and economic growth.
Reagan believed that higher taxes took money away from small
business owners and other people who could otherwise
invest in the economy. Therefore, tax cuts for wealthier
individuals and businesses would promote more investment
and stimulate the economy in a trickle down
effect. The trickle-down theory is part of Reaganomics.
Ronald Reagan knew that if he cut taxes the federal
government would have less money to spend. This would
increase the budget deficit. In order to keep the deficit
under control, Reagan proposed cuts to certain social
programs. Welfare benefits, housing subsidies, and
unemployment compensation were some of the programs
that were reduced.
The national debt increased during Reagan's presidency
because of the combination of increased military
spending and tax cuts. To combat the national debt,
Reagan made significant cuts to many social programs
such as food stamps.
President Reagan's interactions with the Supreme
Court were characterized by his continuing commitment
to appointing only justices who would support politically
conservative ideas and policies. Reagan also stated in his
campaign that he would appoint the first female Supreme
Court justice. He did so with his appointment of Sandra
Day O'Connor. Though O'Connor supported many
conservative ideals, she was also known for deciding each
case individually, a move that earned her praise and
criticism from her fellow justices.
Question 6
How did Reagan suggest keeping the deficit down if
taxes were cut?
A.borrow money from allied nations
B.eliminate Medicare and Medicaid
C.cut spending on social programs
D.cut money spent on the military
Question 6
How did Reagan suggest keeping the deficit down if
taxes were cut?
A.borrow money from allied nations
B.eliminate Medicare and Medicaid
C.cut spending on social programs
D.cut money spent on the military
Question 7
Which statement best describes Ronald Reagan's supply-side economics?
A. Lower income families should not be taxed at a high rate.
B. If taxes were cut, capital gains would go toward investing.
C. If taxes were raised, the government could spend more.
D. The government should provide social welfare programs.
Question 7
Which statement best describes Ronald Reagan's supply-side economics?
A. Lower income families should not be taxed at a high rate.
B. If taxes were cut, capital gains would go toward investing.
C. If taxes were raised, the government could spend more.
D. The government should provide social welfare programs.
Question 8
Which of these statements is true of Reagan's
interaction with the Supreme Court during his
presidency?
A.Reagan attempted to expand the number of justices
in order to obtain favorable rulings.
B.Reagan appointed the first African American to serve
as chief justice.
C.Reagan became the first president to have a justice
nominee rejected by Congress.
D.Reagan was known for appointing only justices who
were politically conservative.
Question 8
Which of these statements is true of Reagan's
interaction with the Supreme Court during his
presidency?
A.Reagan attempted to expand the number of justices
in order to obtain favorable rulings.
B.Reagan appointed the first African American to serve
as chief justice.
C.Reagan became the first president to have a justice
nominee rejected by Congress.
D.Reagan was known for appointing only justices who
were politically conservative.
Click on Video below
Crash Course - Bush and the End of the Cold War
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LK19rVDxoM&index=45&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBj
TSG593eG7ObzO7s
Read the following slides in order to answer
Question 9.
George Bush
George H. W. Bush was vice president under Ronald Reagan
before becoming president himself in 1989. During the
1980s, savings and loan associations (S&Ls) made
numerous risky loans in commercial real estate. When the
real estate market collapsed, hundreds of S&Ls failed, and
the federal government had to pay billions of dollars to
people who had deposited money in S&Ls. This was known
as the Savings and Loan Crisis.
George H.W. Bush was active in environmental issues
while in office. Bush reauthorized the Clean Air Act in
1990. The act was amended to include provisions that
addressed the acid rain problem, ozone depletion, and toxic
air pollution.
George Bush
During the Bush Administration, the U.S. participated in an
effort by the United Nations to bring food and supplies to
people in Somalia in 1992. Somalia had been fighting a
civil war, and warlords prevented supplies from reaching
the country's starving civilians. The U.S. remained in
Somalia until 1995.
Question 9
In what way was George H.W. Bush involved with
environmental issues during his presidency?
A.He recognized the need for solar energy.
B.He reauthorized the Clean Air Act.
C.He established new recycling centers.
D.He informed citizens of global warming.
Question 9
In what way was George H.W. Bush involved with
environmental issues during his presidency?
A.He recognized the need for solar energy.
B.He reauthorized the Clean Air Act.
C.He established new recycling centers.
D.He informed citizens of global warming.
Click on the video below
Crash Course - George HW Bush and the End of the
Cold War #44
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LK19rVDxoM&index=45&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBj
TSG593eG7ObzO7s
Read the following slides in order to answer
Question 10, 11, 12.
William Jefferson Clinton (Bill)
Some of Clinton's most important work involved the economy. In
1993, as a part of his welfare reform, he signed the largest
earned income tax credit expansion in history. Clinton also
worked to help people seeking higher education by allowing tax
credits for those attending college. Clinton was also responsible
for achieving the first balanced budget in nearly 25 years. His
budget left Medicare and Social Security intact and met the goal
of cutting $23 billion in spending.
Twice during the decade, groups in Bosnia engaged in ethnic
cleansing, and members of ethnic minorities were imprisoned,
killed, and deported. In 1992, Bosnian Muslims were the victims
and in 1999, ethnic Albanians were targeted. The United States,
along with other members North Atlantic Treaty Organization
(NATO), deployed peacekeeping forces to the area. In 1999, The
United States authorized troops to participate in a NATO a
bombing campaign in an effort to stop the violence.
William Jefferson Clinton (Bill)
Gun control was a big issue during Clinton's presidency and came to
head after the school shooting at Columbine High School in
1999. This event shocked the nation and made citizens all around
the nation call for increased gun control. The prevailing belief was
that guns were too readily available and more control would help
prevent events like Columbine from happening again. Other
concerns that came to the forefront of the debate over the causes of
the shooting included violence in media.
In 1998, President Clinton was accused of having inappropriate
relations with a young White House intern, Monica
Lewinsky. Clinton eventually admitted to the wrongdoing, but had
previously lied about the relationship, denying the affair while
under oath. The House of Representatives impeached President
Clinton on December 19, 1998, on grounds that the president had
committed perjury and obstruction of justice. President Clinton was
acquitted, however, by the Senate on February 12, 1999. Clinton was
only the second U.S. president to be impeached.
Question 10
In what way did Clinton participate in welfare reform?
A.abolished Personal Responsibility and Work
Opportunity Act
B.created numerous new programs for welfare
children
C.called for the end of state-run welfare programs
D.largely expanded the earned income tax credit
Question 10
In what way did Clinton participate in welfare reform?
A.abolished Personal Responsibility and Work
Opportunity Act
B.created numerous new programs for welfare
children
C.called for the end of state-run welfare programs
D.largely expanded the earned income tax credit
Question 11
War and turmoil in the Balkans was a common feature
during the 1990s and Bill Clinton's presidency. The
United States conducted missions to that area to
help try and stop the violence. Above all, the United
States was concerned with stopping which of the
following?
A.ethnic cleansing
B.Communism
C.Terrorism
D.nuclear warfare
Question 11
War and turmoil in the Balkans was a common feature during
the 1990s and Bill Clinton's presidency. The United States
conducted missions to that area to help try and stop the
violence. Above all, the United States was concerned with
stopping which of the following?
A.ethnic cleansing
B.Communism
C.Terrorism
D.nuclear warfare
Question 12
President Bill Clinton's impeachment is associated
with which of the following?
A.the Enron scandal
B.the Watergate scandal
C.the Lewinsky scandal
D.the Whitewater scandal
Question 12
President Bill Clinton's impeachment is associated
with which of the following?
A.the Enron scandal
B.the Watergate scandal
C.the Lewinsky scandal
D.the Whitewater scandal
Click on Video below
Crash Course - The Clinton Years, or the 1990’s #45
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-rboN6F2gk&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBjTSG593eG7ObzO7s&i
ndex=46
Question 13
The incident at Columbine High School in 1999
sparked intense debate on which of the following
issues?
A.gay rights
B.gun control
C.Terrorism
D.hate crimes
Question 13
The incident at Columbine High School in 1999
sparked intense debate on which of the following
issues?
A.gay rights
B.gun control
C.Terrorism
D.hate crimes
Read the following slides in order to answer
Question 14 and 15.
The 2000 presidential election pitted Republican George
W. Bush against Democrat Al Gore. The election was one
of the closest in history, and preliminary results from
election-day were so close that a recount was ordered in
the state of Florida. Before the election results were
tallied for Florida, Bush had 246 electoral votes, and
Gore had 255. Florida's 25 electoral votes therefore
decided the winner. The state first conducted its recount
by machines and found that George W. Bush had won the
state by a margin of just 537 votes. Following this
outcome, the Gore campaign requested that the recount
be conducted again by hand. Concern over this request
made it all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court in the
landmark case of Bush v. Gore. The court ruled that the
recount by hand was unconstitutional, and Bush was
awarded the 25 electoral votes from the state of Florida.
After the Supreme Court ruling, Bush was declared the
winner of the election with a total of 271 electoral
votes, though he in fact had fewer popular votes than
Gore. This was only the fourth election in the history
of the United States in which a president won the
election without winning the popular vote.
Question 14
Which statement best describes the 2000 presidential
election?
A. Bush won both the popular vote and the electoral vote.
B. Gore won the popular vote, and Bush won the electoral
vote.
C. Gore won both the popular vote and the electoral vote.
D.Bush won the popular vote, and Gore won the electoral
vote.
Question 14
Which statement best describes the 2000 presidential
election?
A. Bush won both the popular vote and the electoral vote.
B. Gore won the popular vote, and Bush won the electoral
vote.
C. Gore won both the popular vote and the electoral vote.
D.Bush won the popular vote, and Gore won the electoral
vote.
Question 15
The map above shows the outcome of the presidential
election of 2000. The red states represent George W.
Bush and the Republican Party, while the blue states
represent Al Gore and the Democratic Party. Which
of the following statements is true regarding the
different parties' influence on the United States?
A.The Democratic Party has influence on the coasts.
B.The Democratic Party is popular in the South.
C.The Republican Party holds every state out West.
D.The Republican Party is most popular in New
England.
Question 15
The map above shows the outcome of the presidential
election of 2000. The red states represent George W.
Bush and the Republican Party, while the blue states
represent Al Gore and the Democratic Party. Which
of the following statements is true regarding the
different parties' influence on the United States?
A.The Democratic Party has influence on the coasts.
B.The Democratic Party is popular in the South.
C.The Republican Party holds every state out West.
D.The Republican Party is most popular in New
England.
Read the following slides in order to answer
Question 16.
Barack Obama
One of Obama's first acts as president was to take measures to
help the economic crisis of the late 2000s. On February 17,
2009, President Obama signed the American Recovery
and Reinvestment Act. This act included $787 billion in
funds for an economic stimulus of the United States. The
primary focus of the act was to ease the economic recession of
the 2000s by creating new jobs in an effort to lower the
unemployment rate.
In 2010, President Obama signed the Patient Protection and
Affordable Care Act. The main focus of this act is to decrease
the number of uninsured people in the United States, though
there are also many other provision. The act has met with
intense criticism and faced many legal challenges, particularly
due to a mandate that requires all Americans to buy health
insurance.
Questions 16
In 2010, President Barack Obama approved one of the
largest healthcare reform bills since the 1960s. The
primary goal of this bill was
A.expanding access to women's health services.
B.increasing prices on unnecessary medical
procedures.
C.decreasing the number of uninsured Americans.
D.creating better safety testing of prescription drugs.
Questions 16
In 2010, President Barack Obama approved one of the
largest healthcare reform bills since the 1960s. The
primary goal of this bill was
A.expanding access to women's health services.
B.increasing prices on unnecessary medical
procedures.
C.decreasing the number of uninsured Americans.
D.creating better safety testing of prescription drugs.
The Modern Age
STANDARD 6
AMERICANS ROLE IN THE WORLD
Directions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Take out a sheet of loose leaf paper.
When the question is shown, place your answer on your
loose leaf.
Read the summary on the next slide. Decide if you still
agree with your answer. You may change it if you wish.
The answer will appear on the next slide.
If a video is shown, you must write at least one
interesting fact that you have learned from the video.
* Reminder: You are receiving a grade for this activity.
Participation is required.
Question 1
In 1992, the United States, Canada, and Mexico signed the North
American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). What was one of the effects of
NAFTA?
A. Many goods became available for no charge to each government.
B.Many tariffs on goods traded between these countries were eliminated.
C.The amount of trade between these countries decreased.
D.Citizens from these countries could move between them without
restrictions.
NAFTA
The North American Free Trade Agreement is a treaty signed
by the governments of the United States, Mexico, and Canada
to improve trade between the three largest economies of
North America.
Role of the U.S.
As one of the three signatories, the United States is bound by
the agreements in the treaty including eliminating trade
barriers, such as tariffs, with Canada and Mexico. NAFTA has
been influential on the economic policies of the U.S for the
last decade and has strengthened ties between neighbors.
Questions 1
In 1992, the United States, Canada, and Mexico signed the North
American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). What was one of the effects of
NAFTA?
A. Many goods became available for no charge to each government.
B.Many tariffs on goods traded between these countries were eliminated.
C.The amount of trade between these countries decreased.
D.Citizens from these countries could move between them without
restrictions.
The following slides will be needed for
question 2.
War on Terror
● Following the September 11th terrorist attacks, the phrase "War on
Terror" was popularized by President George W. Bush to describe the
beginning of a global military and political struggle against
terrorism. This term was applied to relations with countries and
regimes that were accused of having a connection to terrorism or
providing terrorists with support.
● In his 2002 State of the Union Address, President Bush voiced his
concerns about countries with potential ties to terrorist
groups. Another concern was countries and groups that were seeking to
create or obtain dangerous weapons. In this speech, Bush
named Iraq, Iran, and North Korea the "axis of evil" because he felt
these countries were a particular threat to world peace.
War on Terror
In their investigation into the 9/11 attacks, the U.S. came to believe that a
group called al-Qaeda was responsible. Further evidence showed that
al-Qaeda's billionaire leader, Osama bin Laden (the mastermind
behind previous bombings of American embassies in Tanzania and
Kenya), had planned and organized the attacks.
Bin Laden was believed to be located in Afghanistan at the time, but the
Afghan government, controlled by an Islamic extremist organization
known as the Taliban, refused to comply with U.S. demands to turn him
over. In response, U.S. forces invaded Afghanistan in order to uproot the
Taliban government and find Osama bin Laden. The United States was
successful in capturing Kabul, the capital of Afghanistan, and defeating
many Taliban troops in 2001. However, the Taliban were not fully
defeated and have slowly been regrouping since 2004.
War on Terror
Following his win in the 2008 presidential election, Barack Obama, a
long-time opponent of the war in Iraq, declared that Operation Iraqi
Freedom would soon come to an end. By August 2010, troop levels had
decreased by more than 100,000, while a transitional force was left in
Iraq as a counter-terrorism group and for training and advising Iraqi
forces.
Even as he drew down troop strength in Iraq, President Obama moved to
increase U.S. presence in Afghanistan to "stabilize a deteriorating
situation." This statement was made in light of the regrowth of the
Taliban in controlling the country. More U.S. troops were sent to
Afghanistan beginning in 2009, with total troops numbering around
93,000 as of 2012.
War on Terror
Video 1
Questions 2
The United States believed that a man named Osama bin Laden was
responsible for planning the attacks on September 11, 2001. Following the
attacks, the U.S. believed bin Laden was hiding in which of the following
countries?
A.Kuwait
B.Iran
C.Saudi Arabia
D.Afghanistan
Questions 2
The United States believed that a man named Osama bin Laden was
responsible for planning the attacks on September 11, 2001. Following the
attacks, the U.S. believed bin Laden was hiding in which of the following
countries?
A.Kuwait
B.Iran
C.Saudi Arabia
D.Afghanistan
The following slides will be needed for
question 3 and 4.
Operation Iraqi Freedom
President Bush and his administration believed that Iraq was a particular threat
to continuing terrorism, and these feelings set the stage for the Second Gulf
War, also known as Operation Iraqi Freedom. Secretary of State Colin
Powell convinced President Bush to bring the case of war against Iraq to the
United Nations before ordering an invasion.
Powell was put in charge of garnering international support for a multi-national
coalition to mount the invasion. To this end, Powell addressed the United Nations
Security Council on February 5, 2003 to argue in favor of military action. In this
address, Powell cited evidence gathered from defectors from the Iraqi
government, who stated that the country possessed weapons of mass
destruction (WMDs).
This remains a highly controversial aspect of the war, as no WMDs were ever
located, and recent intelligence suggests that Powell's evidence may have been
faulty. Because no evidence could be found to corroborate the existence of WMDs
within Iraq, the United Nations declined to authorize the use of force against Iraq.
Operation Iraqi Freedom
President Bush ultimately decided to proceed with the invasion of Iraq
even without the authorization of the UN. The operation began on March
19, 2003. The Iraqi military was overrun, and Baghdad, the nation's
capital, fell within a month.
On December 13, 2003, Iraqi President Saddam Hussein was captured
and held by U.S. forces in Baghdad. He was tried for crimes against
humanity by the Iraqi Interim government, found guilty, and sentenced to
death. Hussein was hanged on December 30, 2006.
Operation Iraq Freedom Video
● Video 2
Question 3
Which country did the United States invade in 2003 because it believed
that the country possessed weapons of mass destruction which posed a
threat to the U.S. and other countries?
A.Saudi Arabia
B.Kuwait
C.Iraq
D.Pakistan
Questions 3
Which country did the United States invade in 2003 because it believed
that the country possessed weapons of mass destruction which posed a
threat to the U.S. and other countries?
A.Saudi Arabia
B.Kuwait
C.Iraq
D.Pakistan
Question 4
What happened to Saddam Hussein after he was captured by American
forces?
A. He was released to the Iraqi officials and forced to leave Iraq.
B.He was put on trial in an American court and sentenced to life in prison.
C.He was tried by the Iraqi Interim government and later hanged.
D.He was executed by the United States soldiers responsible for his
capture.
Question 4
What happened to Saddam Hussein after he was captured by American
forces?
A. He was released to the Iraqi officials and forced to leave Iraq.
B.He was put on trial in an American court and sentenced to life in prison.
C.He was tried by the Iraqi Interim government and later hanged.
D.He was executed by the United States soldiers responsible for his
capture.
Question 5
The incident described above occurred in which of the following cities?
A.Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
B. Atlanta, Georgia
C.New York City, New York
D.Columbine, Colorado
Oklahoma City Bombing
On April 19, 1995, a truck bomb exploded at the Alfred
P. Murrah Federal Building in downtown Oklahoma
City, killing 168 people. This incident would remain
the most destructive terrorist attack in the United
States until the September 11 attacks in 2001. As a
result of the attack, the American public became more
aware of the growing threat of terrorism, and
legislation was enacted to increase protection of
federal buildings.
Oklahoma City Bombing Video
● Video 3
Question 5
The incident described above occurred in which of the following cities?
A.Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
B.Atlanta, Georgia
C.New York City, New York
D.Columbine, Colorado
Question 6
One of the buildings damaged during the September 11th attacks was
A.the Pentagon.
B.the U.S. Capitol.
C.the Washington Monument.
D.the White House.
Click on video below
Crash Course - Terrorism, War, and Bush 43 - #46
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nlsnnhn3VWE&i
ndex=47&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBjTSG593eG7O
bzO7s
9/11
On September 11, 2001, four commercial airplanes were hijacked with the
intention of destroying American landmarks in New York City and in
Washington, D.C. One plane crashed into the Pentagon, two planes
crashed into the World Trade Center, and one plane crashed into a field in
Pennsylvania, but it is believed that plane was headed for Washington,
D.C.
9/11
● Video 4
Question 6
One of the buildings damaged during the September 11th attacks was
A.the Pentagon.
B.the U.S. Capitol.
C.the Washington Monument.
D.the White House.
The Modern Age
STANDARD 6
AMERICANS ROLE IN THE WORLD
Question 1
Which of the choices was released to the public in 1991 and became the
most popular part of the Internet with millions of users by 1995?
A.America Online
B.the ARPANET
C.Microsoft Windows
D.the World Wide Web
The Internet
The World Wide Web was released in 1991, giving the
general public access to the Internet. By 1995, the Web
had become the leading information retrieval service
for the Internet with millions of users.
Question 1
Which of the choices was released to the public in 1991 and became the
most popular part of the Internet with millions of users by 1995?
A.America Online
B.the ARPANET
C.Microsoft Windows
D.the World Wide Web
Question 2
Which of the following choices would make the best title for the list
above?
A.Consequences of Increased Internet Usage
B.Issues Experienced by Digital Natives
C.Societal Impacts of the Internet
D.Understanding the Internet Generation
The Internet
This list used here touches on a few of the many
important societal impacts of the Internet. Because of
this important invention, people can communicate
with one another more easily than ever before. The
Internet has also increased the amount of information
people have easy access to. For these reasons, the
social and cultural impacts of the internet cannot be
ignored.
Question 2
Which of the following choices would make the best title for the list
above?
A.Consequences of Increased Internet Usage
B.Issues Experienced by Digital Natives
C.Societal Impacts of the Internet
D.Understanding the Internet Generation
Question 3
Stem cells refer to cells in the human body that are undifferentiated,
meaning they have the potential to transform into a wide variety of
differing and specialized cell types. The scientific and medical
communities have been increasingly interested in stem cell research
because stem cells show promise in treating a wide range of health
problems. Currently, stem cells have successfully been used to treat which
health issues?
A.Leukemia
B.Deafness
C.brain damage
D.heart disease
Stem Cells
Stem cells have most often been successfully used in medical treatments
of cancers of the blood and bone marrow, such as leukemia or lymphoma.
Many studies suggest, however, that stem cells could also be successful in
treating a wide array of health problems, such as heart and brain damage,
and even blindness and deafness.
Controversy over the source of stem cells have brought a great deal of
research to a halt, specifically due to questions over the use of embryonic
stem cells. Stem cells can be cultivated from other sources, such as blood,
bone marrow or lipid cells, but it is currently thought that embryonic
stem cells are the most versatile.
Question 3
Stem cells refer to cells in the human body that are undifferentiated,
meaning they have the potential to transform into a wide variety of
differing and specialized cell types. The scientific and medical
communities have been increasingly interested in stem cell research
because stem cells show promise in treating a wide range of health
problems. Currently, stem cells have successfully been used to treat which
health issues?
A.Leukemia
B.Deafness
C.brain damage
D.heart disease
Question 4
The list above is describing
A.cancer.
B.HIV/AIDS.
C.heart disease.
D.polio.
AIDS
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention first
recognized acquired immune deficiency syndrome
(AIDS) in 1981. AIDS is caused by the human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The disease came into
the national spotlight during the 1980s following the
expulsion of Ryan White from his middle school in
Indiana. After a lengthy legal battle with the school,
media coverage of the case made White into a national
celebrity and spokesman for AIDS research and public
education.
Question 4
The list above is describing
A.cancer.
B.HIV/AIDS.
C.heart disease.
D.polio.
Question 5
A graphical user interface is a computer program that creates a display format
that will allow a user to select commands, call up files, start programs, and do
other routine tasks by using a mouse. According to the timeline, one of the first
personal computers to use a graphical user interface, complete with a mouse, was
released in which year?
A.1984
B.1977
C.1981
D.1990
Analyzing Timelines
In 1984, Apple Computer, Inc., released the Macintosh
with a graphical user interface (GUI), a computer
program that enables a person to communicate with a
computer through the use of symbols and pointing
devices. On the Macintosh, a user could move the
cursor on the screen by using a mouse to communicate
with the computer. The GUI interface was very popular
because of the Macintosh, but consumers were not
completely won over until after the release of Windows
3.0 in 1990 by the IBM Corporation.
Question 5
A graphical user interface is a computer program that creates a display format
that will allow a user to select commands, call up files, start programs, and do
other routine tasks by using a mouse. According to the timeline, one of the first
personal computers to use a graphical user interface, complete with a mouse, was
released in which year?
A.1984
B.1977
C.1981
D.1990
Question 6
According to most economists and economic data, the income gap
between the rich and the poor in the United States has grown since the
1970s. This means that a smaller percentage of Americans control a larger
percentage of wealth. Which of these is a contributing factor that explains
this trend?
A.a decrease in the price of food and gas
B.rapidly advancing technology in the workplace
C.a decrease in healthcare costs for most citizens
D.a steady increase in union membership
The Income Gap
There are several factors that have led to the increase in the
income gap between the rich and poor in the United States.
Most economists agree that the increase in technology has
played a great part. Technology has certainly improved many
production processes and has made many workers more
efficient. However, the rise in technology also has had a
negative impact on manual laborers. Many jobs which
manual laborers previously worked have been automated and
computerized. This has greatly decreased the demand for
manual labor in the United States, which causes a decrease in
the wages earned.
Question 6
According to most economists and economic data, the income gap
between the rich and the poor in the United States has grown since the
1970s. This means that a smaller percentage of Americans control a larger
percentage of wealth. Which of these is a contributing factor that explains
this trend?
A.a decrease in the price of food and gas
B.rapidly advancing technology in the workplace
C.a decrease in healthcare costs for most citizens
D.a steady increase in union membership
Question 7
Waves of new immigrants have come to the United States in record
numbers since the 1980s. These new immigrants have typically been from
which of the following areas?
A.Africa and Western Europe
B.Asia and Latin America
C.Northern Europe and Russia
D.Eastern Europe and the Middle East
Immigration
Approximately 1 million people per year have
immigrated to the United States in the years since the
1980s. In contrast to historical patterns of
immigration, Europe contributed fewer people to the
immigrant pool than countries in Asia and Latin
America. Hispanics and Asians are the fastest growing
minority populations in the U.S., both with a growing
sense of ethnic pride.
Question 7
Waves of new immigrants have come to the United States in record
numbers since the 1980s. These new immigrants have typically been from
which of the following areas?
A.Africa and Western Europe
B.Asia and Latin America
C.Northern Europe and Russia
D.Eastern Europe and the Middle East
Click on Video below
Crash Course - Obamanation: #47
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lUfh2ebjLOg&in
dex=48&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBjTSG593eG7Obz
O7s