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 Describe
main function of parts of the
respiratory system (Grade E)
 Define key terms (Grade C)
 Explain how alveoli are adapted to efficient
gas exchange (Grade A)
 Describe causes of lung diseases (Grade C),
including asthma (Grade A)
How is the
respiratory
system adapted
to allow the
passage of air.
Carbon dioxide
moves from the
blood into the
lungs, by diffusion.
Oxygen moves
from the lungs into
the blood, by
diffusion.
 Lung
dissection
 Permeable
 Moist
surface
 Large surface area
 Good blood supply
 Thin lining (one cell
thick)
 B5d1
part 1 worksheet
A.
B.
C.
A) Trachea, B) Lung, C) Intercostal muscle,
D) Rib, E) Diaphragm, F) Pleural membrane,
G) Bronchus, H) Bronchiole, I) Air sac
Bronchus  Bronchiole  Air sac/Alveoli
Bronchiole  Bronchus  Trachea
 Breathing

Taking air in and out of your lungs
 Respiration

Breaking down sugar to make energy
 Inspiration

Breathing in
 Expiration

(inhalation)
(exhalation)
Breathing out
Tidal
volume = volume of air
exchanged during normal quiet
breathing
Vital capacity = maximum volume of
air which can be exchanged from
full inspiration to full expiration
Residual volume = amount of air
left in the lungs when you breathe
out fully
 Lung
diseases
Explain how alveoli are adapted to
efficient gas exchange (Grade A)
Describe causes of lung diseases
(Grade C), including asthma
(Grade A)
 Starter
– unjumble these adaptations of alveoli
 empelareb
 sitom
cufsrae
 glrae cufsrae eara
 ogod lobod ypsupl
 nhti iginln
Permeable
Moist surface
Large surface area
Good blood supply
Thin lining
 Trachea


and bronchi
Mucus
Ciliated cells
 Extract
information on lung diseases from
comprehension in pairs

Need to find for each disease:


Cause
Symptoms
 Industrial


E.g. Asbestosis
Inflammation & scarring limiting gas exchange
 Genetic



Cause
E.g. Cystic Fibrosis
Too much mucus in the bronchioles
 Life

Cause
style Cause
E.g. Lung Cancer
Cells grow rapidly reducing surface area in
lungs
Disease
Asbestosis
Cystic
fibrosis
Type
(industrial,
lifestyle,
genetic)
Industrial
Genetic
Lifestyle
Lung
cancer
Cause
Symptoms
Treatment
Asbestos
fibres
Coughing, breathlessness,
chest pains and blueness
of lips and ear lobes
because of lack of oxygen
No cure
Lung
Transplant
Coughing, wheezing and
breathlessness
Chest infections
Digestion problems and
weight loss
Daily
physiotherapy
Inhaler
Gene therapy
No cure
Lung Transplant
Coughing (coughing blood
in later stages), chest
pain, breathlessness and
weight loss
Surgery,
radiation and
chemotherapy
No cure
Lung
Transplant
Genes
chromosome
7
smoking,
exposure to
asbestos or
radiation and
a poor diet
 Describe
what happens during an asthma attack
Sensitive
airways
Muscles around bronchioles
contract so airways are
restricted
Trigger
More mucus
produced
Body releases histamines
Mucus plug
Airways inflamed
Less air available for gas
exchange in the airways
 Symptoms



Difficulty breathing
Wheezing
Tight chest
 Treatment

Inhaler
 How
does an inhaled help
an asthma sufferer?
 Inhaler
contains a muscle
relaxant drug which allows
the airways (bronchioles)
to open.
 Describe
main function of parts of the
respiratory system (Grade E)
 Define key terms (Grade C)
 Explain how alveoli are adapted to efficient
gas exchange (Grade A)
 Describe causes of lung diseases (Grade C),
including asthma (Grade A)
 Assess
grade criteria for first half of the
module, identify areas for improvement and
areas of strength
 Check
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