Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
What is Biology • Study of LIFE & its connections/interactions Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings • We can group life into three –Domain Bacteria (newer bacteria) –Domain Archaea (ancient bacteria) Figure 1.4A, B Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings domains: –Domain Eukarya (Kingdom Protista, K. Plantae, K. Fungi, K. Animalia) Figure 1.4C-F Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Heirarchy of organization • Cell ECOSYSTEM LEVEL Eucalyptus forest • Organism • Population COMMUNITY LEVEL All organisms in eucalyptus forest ORGANISM LEVEL Flying fox POPULATION LEVEL Group of flying foxes Brain • Community • Ecosystem • biosphere ORGAN SYSTEM LEVEL Nervous system ORGAN LEVEL Brain Nerve TISSUE LEVEL Nervous tissue CELLULAR LEVEL Nerve cell MOLECULAR LEVEL Molecule of DNA Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Spinal cord Figure 1.1 • What does it mean to be living? – made of Cells – Order/organization – Regulation & Homeostasis – Growth and Development – use of Energy from the environment – Response to environmental stimuli – ability to Reproduce – show Evolutionary change Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings • DNA – Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid – made of units called nucleotides (the DNA “alphabet”) • All life uses same alphabet, but makes different words (genes = traits) Figure 1.5B Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Evolution explains the unity and diversity of life • Theory of evolution by natural selection • populations of organisms with inherited variations are exposed to environmental factors that favor the success of some individuals over others – Adaptations to environment • Survival of the Fittest! Figure 1.6A Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings • How do organisms evolve? (1) Population with varied inherited traits (2) Elimination of individuals with certain traits • Editing mechanism Figure 1.6B Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings (3) Reproduction of survivors • Why do organisms have such different traits? – Evolution is based on adaptations – Structure = function – Function = survival – SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST Figure 1.6C Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Summarize: • Energy • Nutrients Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings