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Mesopotamia The Earliest Civilization? Mesopotamia Adler, chapter 2 “Land between the rivers” Adler, chapter 2 Nature’s tenuous bounty • The Tigris (right) and the Euphrates Adler, chapter 2 The Babylonian empire under Nebuchadnezzar II circa 600 BCE Adler, chapter 2 The Persian empire 6th century BCE Adler, chapter 2 Sumerian home • The typical residence of a well-to-do businessman – windowless – a central open-air courtyard Adler, chapter 2 Monumental architecture • The ziggurat of Ur Adler, chapter 2 Ur, city of the moon goddess Adler, chapter 2 Even the Assyrians…. Adler, chapter 2 And the Neo-Babylonians • Nebuchchadnezzar’s famous Hanging Gardens of Babylon – one of the seven wonders of the world – supposedly built for his Persian wife Adler, chapter 2 Finally, the Achmenids • Right: the ruins at Persepolis Adler, chapter 2 Religious life • • Question: what sort of attitudes might we associate with the figures below? Right: worshipping the mood goddess Adler, chapter 2 Warfare • Below: the Standard of Ur • Right: Assyrian “frightfulness” Adler, chapter 2 Warfare (cont.) • Right: Jewish war captives • Below: favorite “sport” Adler, chapter 2 Inventions • Writing – from the earliest (below) to the very complex (far right) Adler, chapter 2 Inventions (cont.) • The plow – surely one of history’s most important inventions Adler, chapter 2 Inventions (cont.) • New world peoples did not make this discovery Adler, chapter 2 Governing a troubled land • Below: king Gudea of Lagesh • Right: temple tribute Adler, chapter 2 Hammurabi • The “Lawgiver” • From Adler: – “How does the Hammurabi Code show that property rights were superior to human rights?” Adler, chapter 2 Everyday life Adler, chapter 2
