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EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2020 Our life insurance, our natural capital Biodiversity Unit Directorate-General for Environment European Commission http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/biodiversity/comm2006/2020.htm POLICY BASELINE HABITATS Directive Common Agriculture Policy WATER Framework Directive Common Fisheries Policy MARINE STRATEGY Framework Directive BIRDS Directive BIODIVERSITY SOIL Draft Directive CLIMATE CHANGE Policy Regional Policy LIFE+ WASTE CHEMICALS AIR … STATE OF BIODIVERSITY DRIVERS/ PRESSURES IN THE EU Species facing risk of extinction: up to 25% of European animals are included in the IUCN Red List Poor conservation status: 62% of habitats and 52% of species covered by Habitats and Birds Directives Source: EEA Baseline STATE OF BIODIVERSITY DRIVERS/ PRESSURES IN THE EU Degradation and fragmentation of habitats Over-exploitation of natural resources Contamination Invasive species Climate Change increasing drivers of loss THE STATE OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES IN THE EU COST OF INACTION A few figures: Insect pollination in the EU is worth €15 billion/year Alien Invasive Species cause ~€12,5 billion damage/year in the EU vs. cost of measures needed est. between € 40 million–190 million / year Global business opportunities from investments in biodiversity US$2-6 trillion by 2050 (TEEB) Structure of the Strategy 2050 Vision 2020 headline target Halt biodiversity loss – restore ecosystem services – global contribution 6 Targets: 1 Enhance implementation of nature legislation 2 Restore ecosystems est. Green Infrastructure 3 Sustainable Agriculture & Forestry 4 Sustainable Fisheries ACTIONS 5 6 Combat Contribute to Alien Invasive averting global Species biodiversity loss Target 1: Nature Conservation To halt the deterioration in the status of all species and habitats covered by EU nature legislation and achieve a significant and measurable improvement in their status so that, by 2020, compared to current assessments: (i) 100% more habitat assessments and 50% more species assessments under the Habitats Directive show an improved conservation status; (ii) 50% more species assessments under the Birds Directive show a secure or improved status. http://biodiversity.europa.eu EC MS Being done or in the pipeline (EC) 1a Assistance, approval of sites Natura 2000 network fully established (incl. marine) by 2012 Designation in process, almost completed for terrestrial, marine in progress 1b Assistance Integrate Natura 2000 into key land use policies even beyond Natura 2000 sites Guidance documents adopted&in prep. (incl. inland navigation) 1c Development & implementation of management plans for Natura 2000 sites 1d Establishment of a biogeographic process by 2012 to share experience, good practice, enhance cross-border cooperation First biogeographic seminars of such type under organisation 2 Ensure adequate financing for Natura 2000 under the next financial programming Multi-annual Financial EC MS 3a Communication campaign on Natura 2000 by 2013 cooperation 3b Enhance partnerships and cooperation with key sectors through guidance documents 3c Training programme for judges and public prosecutors 4a Improving and streamlining the reporting under the Birds and the Habitats Directives 4b Improve availability & use of data through dedicated ICT Being done or in the pipeline (EC) guidance documents adopted and in preparation cooperation Reporting Working Group Biodiversity Information Target 2: Ecosystem maintenance and restoration By 2020, ecosystems and their services are maintained and enhanced by establishing green infrastructure and restoring at least 15 % of degraded ecosystems. EC MS Being done or in the pipeline (EC) 5 Assistance Map & assess state of ecosystems & their services by 2014; assess economic value of ES; promote integration into accounting & reporting at EU & national level by 2020 EU level ecosystem services maping, TEEB, economic valuation of ES 6a Assistance Strategic framework to prioritisation of ecosystem restoration at sub-national, national and EU level by 2014 6b Green Infrastructure Strategy by 2012 7a Tools and methodology to biodiversity proof EU investments by 2014 7b No net loss of ecosystems & ES by 2015 Workshops, working group, studies cooperation Study call for tender; EIA review; EIA & SEA guidance; MFF Target 3a: Sustainable Agriculture By 2020, maximise areas under agriculture across grasslands, arable land and permanent crops that are covered by biodiversity-related measures under the CAP so as to ensure the conservation of biodiversity and to bring about a measurable improvement(*) in the conservation status of species and habitats that depend on or are affected by agriculture and in the provision of ecosystem services as compared to the EU2010 Baseline, thus contributing to enhance sustainable management. (*) Improvement is to be measured against the quantified enhancement targets for the conservation status of species and habitats of EU interest in Target 1 and the restoration of degraded ecosystems under target 2. http://biodiversity.europa.eu EC MS Being done or in the pipeline (EC) 8a Ensure greening of CAP direct payments CAP reform 8b Improve and simplify GAEC cross-compliance standards, consider including WFD CAP reform 9a Integrate biodiversity targets into Rural Development strategies/programmes CAP reform 9b Facilitate collaboration among farmers & foresters to achieve continuity, protection of genetic resources etc. GI Strategy, B@B Platform 10 Encourage uptake of AES for genetic diversity; consider strategy for genetic diversity CAP reform Target 3b: Sustainable Forestry By 2020, Forest Management Plans or equivalent instruments, in line with Sustainable Forest Management (SFM), are in place for all forests that are publicly owned and for forest holdings above a certain size** (to be defined by the Member States or regions and communicated in their Rural Development Programmes) that receive funding under the EU Rural Development Policy so as to bring about a measurable improvement(*) in the conservation status of species and habitats that depend on or are affected by forestry and in the provision of related ecosystem services as compared to the EU 2010 Baseline. (*) Improvement is to be measured against the quantified enhancement targets for the conservation status of species and habitats of EU interest in Target 1 and the restoration of degraded ecosystems under target 2. (**) For smaller forest holdings, Member States may provide additional incentives to encourage the adoption of Management Plans or equivalent instruments that are in line with SFM. http://biodiversity.europa.eu EC 11a MS Being done or in the pipeline (EC) Adoption of management plans for forests LIFE+ 11b Innovative mechanisms (e.g. PES) to finance maintenance and restoration of forest ESs 12 CAP reform Ensure that forest LIFE+ management plans include as many as possible of measures listed (min. deadwood, wilderness areas, ecosystem-based measures for fire resilience, Natura 2000 forests, afforestation) Target 4: Sustainable Fisheries Achieve Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) by 2015. Achieve a population age and size distribution indicative of a healthy stock, through fisheries management with no significant adverse impacts on other stocks, species and ecosystems, in support of achieving Good Environmental Status by 2020, as required under the Marine Strategy Framework Directive. EC MS 13a Maintain and restore fish stocks to MSY (all areas of EU fish fleet incl. Regional Fisheries Man. Org., Fisheries Partnership Agreements with 3rd countries) Being done or in the pipeline (EC) CFP reform 13b CFP long-term management plans with harvest control rules based on MSY 13c Collect data to support MSY. Once MSY achieved, consider how to incorporate ecological considerations into MSY definition by 2020 14a Design measures for effective use of resources harvested (sign. reduce discard & by-catch etc.) 14b Implementation of MSFD, especially providing financial incentives for marine protected areas (incl. N2K) CFP reform Target 5: Combat Invasive Alien Species By 2020, Invasive Alien Species (IAS) and their pathways are identified and prioritised, priority species are controlled or eradicated, and pathways are managed to prevent the introduction and establishment of new IAS http://biodiversity.europa.eu EC MS Being done or in the pipeline (EC) 15 Additional biodiversity concerns into EU Plant and Animal Health Regimes by 2012 Review of Animal and Plant Health Regimes 2012 16 Dedicated legislative instrument on IAS by 2012 Workshops, expert meetings, working groups etc. underway Target 6: Global Biodiversity By 2020, the EU has stepped up its contribution to averting global biodiversity loss. → EU contribution to the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity, 2011- 2020 and its 20 Aichi Targets EC MS 17a Reduce biodiversity impacts of consumption Being done or in the pipeline (EC) EU Resource efficiency flagship initiative 17b Enhance contribution of trade policy to conserving biodiversity (e.g. evaluations, sust. chapter in new trade agreements) 17c Phase out/eliminate harmful subsidies; positive incentives for biodiversity cooperation 18a “Significant increase” in resources for global biodiversity Prepare EU position on resource mobilisation for CBD COP 11 (Oct/Nov 2012) 18b Improve effectiveness of EU funding for global biodiversity (e.g. natural capital assessment, NBSAP) 19 Biodiversity proof EU dev. coop. (SEA/EIA, screening) ongoing Next steps - Common implementation framework - Integrated framework for monitoring, assessing and reporting - Knowledge base alignment (SEBI, ES mapping, BISE, IpBes) - Integration opportunities: CAP, CFP reform, MFF beyond 2013, Regional policy reform, Climate change adaptation strategy… Integrated monitoring framework Monitoring progress towards EU and Aichi targets: EU 2010 Biodiversity Baseline, SEBI indicators Filling gaps with sectors → Integrated monitoring framework Reporting Early 2014: mid-term review EU strategy HD Art 17 Report March 2014 5th national Report to CBD 2014-2015 Fourth Global Biodiversity Outlook and contribution to MDG Enabling tool: BISE Thank you for your attention Dank u voor uw aandacht Merci de votre attention BISE http://biodiversity.europa.eu