Download Cell Cycle (aka Mitosis) Two identical daughter cells were created to

Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
Cell Cycle (aka Mitosis)
Let's Review
Two identical daughter cells
were created to ensure growth
and repair.
Interphase: Where DNA replicates
Mitosis: Two identical nuclei
Cytokinesis: Two Identical daughter cells with
46 chromosomes
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
Think: What might happen if
two daughter cells combined?
Yes, we would end up with a cell
that has 2x the number of
chromosomes.
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
Somatic cells are a fancy name for
the regular cells (body cells) we
studied in mitosis. We say somatic
cells are diploid because they have 2
sets of chromosomes, 1 from each
parent.
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
Reproductive cells, sex cell, are not
somatic cells
Males have sperm
Females have eggs
Another name for sex cells are gametes
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
Gametes have half the number of
chromosomes (23) as somatic (body) cells. We
call them haploid cells.
This way when reproduction occurs the
offspring has 46 chromosomes.
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
You know when somatic
(body) cells divide during
mitosis we end up with 2
identical daughter cells.
Let's Review
Reproductive cells (sex cells) divide
differently in a process knows as meiosis.
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
Oh My...Meiosis!
creating sperm
and egg cells.
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
Meiosis is a special cell division designed
specifically to produce haploid cells for
gametes (sperm and eggs).
In meiosis, the cell replicates one and
divides twice.
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
Amoeba Sisters
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
“From each pair of chromosomes, one
comes from the mother and one comes from
the father”.
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
How do siblings have different traits with the
same parents?
Well,
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
The question of the number of chromosomes
We can see from the karyotypes that in human
body (somatic) cells, the number of
chromosomes is 46
When a new baby is formed what 2 cells
come together? sperm and egg cells
How many chromosomes are in these cells?
Why? 23
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
Vocabulary
Chromosomes strands of tightly wound DNA
Gene: sections of a chromosome
that carry the code for a particular
trait.
Allele: The alternate (different) forms
of a gene
Example: can roll tongue-1 allele
cannot roll tongue-1 allele
Mom
Dad
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
Vocabulary
Homologous Chromosomes:
The same chromosome, one from the mother,
and one from the father. Match in size and
the number and the location of genes but may
contain different versions of each gene (blue
eyes instead of brown eyes)
Mom
Dad
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
Name ___________________________________ Date ________________ Period _________
Cell Cycle-­‐ Mitosis
Goes through Interphase
Goes through Cytokinesis
Produces cells for growth and repair
Produces gametes (sperm or egg) for reproduction
One cell division
Two cell divisions
Occurs in all somatic (body) cells
Occurs only in gametes (sperm and egg cells)
Produces two identical diploid daughter cells
Produces 4 haploid daughter cells
Daughter cells have the same amount of chromosomes as the parent cell
Daughter cells have ½ the amount of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Identical, duplicated chromosomes are paired and called sister chromatids
Matching chromosomes (one from each parent) pair up. They are not identical.
Used in asexual reproduction (all genes come from one parent)
Sexual reproduction (genes from 2 parents)
Makes identical offspring (ex. bacteria) Genetically unique offspring
Meiosis
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis
Cell Cycle (mitosis) - Meiosis