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Methamphetamine
& Other Drugs
What is Project ACE?
• A collaborative effort that includes business
people, government officials, law enforcement
leaders, social service professionals, K-16
educators.
• Using a community-based assets driven
approach to change attitudes and behavior.
• Seeking to encourage Action, foster
Commitment, and offer Education for the
purpose of helping young people in our region
make healthier choices with regard to six
challenging issues in their lives…
Project ACE – Six Topics
• Alcohol
• Methamphetamine & Other Drugs
(Tobacco, Cocaine, Marijuana)
• Suicide
• Violence
• Sexual Activity
• Gambling
Project ACE – Why?
• We care about young people in
southwest North Dakota
• We recognize the critically
important role young people will
play in the future success and
vitality of North Dakota.
Project ACE
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Badlands Human Service
Center
Bureau of Criminal
Investigation
Chamber of Commerce
Clear Channel Radio –
KCAD, KZRX, KLTC
Community Action
Partnership
Department of Public
Instruction
Dickinson Ministerial
Association
Dickinson Police Department
Dickinson State University
Domestic Violence and
Rape Crisis Center
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Elected Officials
KDIX Radio
KQCD-TV
KXMA-CBS2
NDSU Extension
North Dakota Highway Patrol
Quality Quick Print
Region VIII School Systems
Rural Crime and Justice Center
Southwestern District Health Unit
Southwest District Juvenile Court
St. Joseph’s Hospital & Health Center
Stark County Sheriff’s Department
Stark County Social Services
The Dickinson Press
West Dakota Parent & Family
Resource Center
Tobacco
What is tobacco?
Tobacco is a tropical plant
that is widely cultivated for its
leaves which are dried and
processed for smoking and
chewing as snuff.
Tobacco naturally contains
nicotine, but tobacco companies
add more to hook users and keep
them hooked.
Other Chemicals are added to
aid in the rate of absorption
of the nicotine, improve taste,
and to preserve tissues of
carcasses contained in the
tobacco from pesticides used
by tobacco farmers and
companies.
Signs & Effects of
Short- Term Use
Addiction
Wrinkles
Tooth Decay/Gum Disease
Stained Teeth & Fingernails
Impotence
High Blood Pressure
Increase Heart Rate
Shortness of Breath
Bad Breath
Smelly Clothes & Hair
Narrows blood vessels
Increased Headaches
So What?
Long-Term Effects of
Tobacco Use
Every part of the body is
effected by smoking
Heart Disease
Cancer
Emphysema/COPD
Asthma/ Chronic Bronchitis
Ulcers
Diabetes
Infertility
Cataracts
Stroke
More than 434,000 people in the
U.S. and 860 in North Dakota die
of tobacco-related illnesses every
year – more than from AIDS, car
crashes, alcohol, suicides,
homicides, fire and illegal drugs
combined.
Impact on Society
Gateway to other drug use
Complication with pregnancies
Low Birth Weight & SIDS
Increased colds, flu, & Ear
Infections
Developmental Disorders/Delays
Illnesses cause by Secondhand Smoke
– same as those caused by tobacco use
Direct Medical Expenditures – Annual
cost per capita = $552
Productivity loss
Increased Medicaid expenditures
Increased insurance premiums
Main stream smoke
24 seconds per cigarette
4000 chemicals present
43 are known carcinogens
Side stream smoke
12 minutes per
cigarette
200 known poisons
43 known carcinogens
Now What?
Parental Involvement
Community Involvement
Positive Role Model
Consistent and frequent
tobacco education messages
Communication
Tobacco-free environments
Consistant & Frequent AntiTobacco Messages
Neighborhood Watch – report
violators
Tobacco-Free Environments
Tobacco
Prevention/Education programs
in every grade
Marijuana
Marijuana
• A drug derived from the Cannabis
plant. The main active chemical is
tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).
• Marijuana is the most commonly used
illicit drug.
• At least one-third of Americans have
used marijuana sometime in their lives.
US DEA
Marijuana
Street Names
• Grass
• Pot
• Weed
• Mary Jane
• Bud
• Dope
• Indo
• Hydro
• Cannabis
US DEA
Marijuana
What does it look like?
A green, brown,
or gray mixture of dried,
shredded leaves, stems,
seeds, and flowers
of the hemp plant.
US DEA
Marijuana
How is it taken?
• Marijuana is usually smoked as a
cigarette (called a joint) or in a pipe or
bong.
US DEA
Effects of Using Marijuana
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Feelings of elation (high)
Increased heart rate
Cognitive skill impairment
Slowed reaction time
Dry mouth and throat
Change in appetite
Drowsiness
Bloodshot eyes
US DEA
Effects of Using Marijuana
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Frequent respiratory infections
Impaired attention (long term)
Impaired memory and learning
Fetal development problems
Depressed immune system
US DEA
Prevalence
Among Youth
North Dakota high school
students who have tried
marijuana one or more
times in the past 30 days:
1999
18.8%
2001
22.0%
2003
20.6% (13.5)
2005
15.5%
North Dakota
Department of Public Instruction
So What?
Marijuana as a Gateway Drug
• Gateway drugs are a group of
comparatively weak drugs that may lead
users (primarily teens) to experiment with
other substances
• Marijuana is considered to be a gateway
drug primarily because many users do not
view the drug to be harmful
National Child Safety Council
Cocaine and
Methamphetamine
Cocaine
• Cocaine is a powerfully addictive
stimulant drug.
• Cocaine is the second most
commonly used illicit drug in the
United States.
• About 10 percent of Americans over
the age of 12 have tried cocaine at
least once in their lifetime.
US DEA
Cocaine
Street Names
• Coke
• Crack
• Blow
• Nose Candy
• Snowball
• Wicky Stick
• Tornado
Cocaine
What does it look like?
• White crystalline powder
• "Crack" or "rock" cocaine is an off-white
chunky material.
Cocaine
Methods of Use
• Smoking
• Snorting
• Injection
• Ingestion
Effects of Using Cocaine
• Causes euphoria, then depression
• Pupils dilate
• Tissue irritation
• Tooth decay due to anesthetic effect
• Blood vessels constrict
• Heart rate increases, vessels constrict
• Decreased liver function
• Decreased appetite
Prevalence Among Youth
North Dakota high
school students who
have tried cocaine
one or more times:
1999
8.3%
2001
9.3%
2003
9.7%
2005
7.2%
North Dakota
Department of Public Instruction
Methamphetamine
• Methamphetamine is a very powerful
central nervous system stimulant.
• Methamphetamine accounts for up to
90 percent of all drug cases in many
Midwest communities.
• In 2002, more than 12 million people
reported that they had used
Methamphetamine at least once in
their lives.
Methamphetamine
Street Names
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Glass
Crystal
Nazi Dope
Anny
Crank
Methamphetamine
What does it look like?
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Crystal
Powder
Rocks, Chunks
Multiple Colors
Methamphetamine
How is it taken?
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Smoked
Injected
Snorted
Ingested
Effects of Using
Methamphetamine
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Euphoria
Sleeplessness
Paranoia and confusion
Increased heart rate, blood pressure, and
respiration
Hyperthermia
Seizures
Depression and anxiety
Sores and skin infection
Effects of Using
Methamphetamine
• Lowered resistance to all types of
diseases/ailments
• Fatal kidney and lung disorders
• Strokes
• Brain damage
• Liver damage
• Heart infections - blood clots
• Insomnia - hallucinations
• Psychotic behavior
Additional Signs &
Effects
“Crank Bugs”
“Meth Mites”
Additional Signs &
Effects
Injuries and
infections
are common,
sometimes
resulting in
death.
Additional Signs &
Effects
Chemical Burns
Additional Signs &
Effects
Rotten Teeth
Teeth Grinding
Additional Signs &
Effects
•Pulling at hair or wiry, thinned out hair
•Dilated pupils and/or bloodshot eyes
•Inflated sense of confidence
•Moodiness and irritability
•Anxiousness/nervousness
•Severe depression
Year
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YearSeven
Three
Eight
One
Two
Four
Nine
Five
Ten
Six
DO NOT BE A HERO!
Call for assistance from law enforcement.
“Nazi Method”
Ingredients
Gasoline
Additives
Ephedrine or
Pseudoephedrine
“Nazi Method”
Ingredients
Anhydrous
Ammonia
Lithium
“Nazi Method” Ingredients
Hydrogen
chloride gas
Ether
Other Household
Items
• Burner or heating source
• Blenders
• Glassware
• Gas cans
• Mason jars
• Hoses
• Ziploc bags
• Thermos containers
• Coffee grinders
• Coffee filters and funnels
Signs of a Lab
Unusual, strong odors:
• cat urine
• ammonia
Large amounts of:
• clear glass containers
• cold tablet packaging
• matchbooks or boxes
• broken batteries
• chemical containers
Signs of a Lab
• Covered windows
• Can be found anywhere
• Discoloration or staining
• Excessive traffic
• Security measures
Signs of a Lab
Effects on
Women/Children
Contamination
may result due to
transdermal
absorption of
methamphetamine
residue.
National Jewish Medical Center Research –
Results indicate that a teddy bear placed in a
methamphetamine lab had a pH of 1.00!
Effects on
Children/Family
Effects on children living in a lab:
•Absorbing of deadly ingredients into skin
•Spilling chemicals
•Drinking chemicals
•Respiratory distress
North Dakota
Department of Health
Effects on
Children/Family
North Dakota currently has
231 children in foster care
because a parent or guardian
was using, manufacturing, or
selling methamphetamine.
This number doubled from
117, in 2003.
North Dakota
Department of Human Services
Effects on Children
“Initial research reveals that exposure [to
methamphetamine] could cause 4.5 times more birth
defects than those found in a
cocaine-exposed infant .”
Dr. Michael Sherman, UC Davis Medical Center
Effects on Community
• Environmental contamination
• Laboratory clean-up
Criminal Activity
Methamphetamine is often related to
other crimes:
Theft
Identity theft
Domestic violence
Sexual assault
Child abuse
Weapon offenses
Arson
Homicide
Prevalence Among
Youth
North Dakota high
school students who
have tried
methamphetamine
one or more times:
1999
10.5%
2001
9.7%
2003
8.5% (9.3)
2005
5.4%
North Dakota
Department of Public Instruction
Now What?
Parental Involvement
•Positive role model
Community Involvement
•Communication
•Coalitions and Civic groups
•Anti-Drug message
•Neighborhood watch
•Drug free environment
•Make the call
•Involved with youth
•Drug free environments