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Transcript
HONORS EARTH SCIENCE HOMEWORK, Ch 25, Sec 3 The Evolution of Stars, pg. 736-738 1. Today, scientists have _________ about how stars evolve, what makes them different from one another, and how they _____. 2. When __________ fuel is depleted , a star loses its _________ ___________ status. (2 words) 3. This (depletion of star’s hydrogen) can take less than 1 million years for the _________ stars to many billions of years for the _________ stars. 4. The Sun has a main sequence life span of about ___ ________ years. (2 words/numbers) 5. Stars begin as a large cloud of gas and dust called a __________. 6. When the temperature inside the core of a nebula piece reaches 10 million K (about 20 million degrees Farenheit), _________ begins. 7. In the newly formed star, the heat from _________ causes pressure to increase. This pressure balances the attraction due to ________. The star becomes a main sequence star. It continues to use its __________ fuel. 8. When __________ in the core of the star is depleted, a balance no longer exists between __________ and gravity. The core contracts, and temperatures inside the star increase. This causes the outer layers of the star to expand and cool. 9. In this late stage of its life cycle, a star is called a ________. 10. After the core temperature reaches 100 million K (about 200 million degrees Farenheit!!), helium nuclei fuse to form _________ in the giant’s core. In about 5 billion years, the _____ will become a giant. 11. After the star’s core uses much of its helium, it contracts even more and its ______ layers escape into space. This leaves behind a hot, dense core called a _______ ______ (2 words), which is about the size of Earth. The steps in #8 through #11 describe what happens in medium size stars once they run out of hydrogen. The following is what happens in the largest stars. The process is almost exactly the same. 12. In ___________ stars, the core heats up to much higher __________. 13. Heavier and heavier ___________ form by ______, and the star expands into a ____________. 14. Eventually, __________ forms in the core. Because of iron’s atomic structure, it cannot release energy through fusion. The outer portion of the star explodes, producing a ___________.