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Unit 9 Lesson 9.6 Invertebrates Name 123456 Warm-up activity Marine invertebrates are animals that do not have backbones, such as snails, clams, crabs, lobsters, squid and worms. Describe two invertebrates that you have seen, what they looked like, and what you found interesting about them. Vocabulary Cephalization: The concentration of ____________ ____________ and ____________ ________________ at the front end of an animal’s body. Exoskeleton: The tough covering that supports and ______________ the bodies of many invertebrates Hermaphrodite: An individual that has both male and female _______________________organs Radula: A tongue-shaped structure used for feeding by _________and _________. Tube feet: Suction- cuplike structures used by _________________ to walk and to ____________ __________________of their prey. Lecture Flatworms Mollusks ________, flattened body; simplest animal to have __________ ____________________ Cephalization: most have a ____________. Materials can ______________pass) easily in and out of body. Free-living worms can be carnivores or ___________________. Parasitic: feed on ___________ and body fluids or parts of cells in host body. Free-living worms have ________________: a group of cells that can detect differences in light (not a true eye) Movement: by ________________ and muscle cells. Reproduction: most free-living worms are ___________________________, which have both male and female reproductive organs. ____________________________ animals that usually have in ______________ or ______________ shell, including snails, slugs, clams, squid and octopi. All have a free-swimming larval phase called a ___________________. Common ancestor of mollusks lived more than _______ million years ago. Mollusks have a _________ for crawling, burrowing, modified as tentacles for capturing prey. ______________: thin layer of tissue that covers most of the body. ___________: made by glands that secrete calcium carbonate. _______________, a flexible tongue-shaped structure with hundreds of tiny teeth, used to scrape algae off rocks, drill through shells of other animals, or to eat prey (squid, octopi) ______________: a tubelike structure through which water enters and leaves the body to deliver food and for jet propulsion. ___________ for respiration. Many mollusks are filter feeders-- can help improve water quality by eating ____________and _________________. 1 Bivalves Gastropods Cephalopods Arthropods Echinoderms Cnidarians _____________ ___________animals that include clams, oysters, mussels and scallops. Their shells are held together by 2 powerful muscles, the ________________ and ___________________ Most do not move far and burrow into sand and mud for __________________. SF Bay has been invaded by the zebra mussel. It can clog water and sewage pipes. _________ _________ (nudibranchs) or________-___________ (snails) mollusks that move by using a muscular foot. __________ ____________ protect themselves by squirting ink into the water; nudibranchs have _______________ in their skin that taste bad or make the predator sick; their bright _______________ are warnings not to eat them! The most ________ mollusks, including octopi and squid. Soft-bodied, with head attached to a single foot. This may be separated into _____________ or arms. Most are predators. Tentacles have sucking disks that grab and hold prey. They use _______and ___________ to move swiftly through the water. Most marine arthropods are __________________: crabs, shrimp, lobsters, crayfish and barnacles. Most have 2 pairs of antennae, 2 or 3 body parts, and chewing mouthparts (mandibles). ______________________ head and thorax fused, contains most of internal organs. __________________is the posterior (back) part of the body. _____________: a mouthpart adapted for biting and grinding food. ___________: large claws modified to catch and cut up food. ________________________: appendages used for swimming. Spiny skin, water vascular system, tube feet, ___________________________________________________. Water vascular system carries out respiration, circulation and movement. __________________________ (mother pore) is the opening to the outside. Tube feet act like suction cups to ______________ and pull open shells of prey. Sea stars eat by pushing their ________________ out through their _______________ pouring out digestive enzymes, then digesting the prey.. Jelly larvae is a __________________ usually “sessile” (stationary), with its mouth on top. Adult jelly is a freeswimming bell-shaped _____________________ with mouth and tentacles on the bottom. Sea ,anemones remain sessile, attached to rocks or sea bottom. All have a primitive nerve net, a gastrovascular cavity for _____________________ and stinging cells for catching ______________________. Review Questions 1. What are tube feet? 2. Where is the “shell” in a squid? 2 3