Download PPT 3 - Upper Limb - Blair Community Schools

1/16/17
PowerPoint® Lecture Slides
prepared by Vince Austin,
Bluegrass Technical
and Community College
CHAPTER
Elaine N. Marieb
Katja Hoehn
10
PART C
Human
Anatomy
& Physiology
The Muscular
System
H. Extrinsic Shoulder Muscles
1. Muscles of the thorax
2. Anterior
a. Pectoralis major
(inserts into humerus; all
others insert into pectoral
girdle)
b. Pectoralis minor
c. Serratus anterior
d. Subclavius
SEVENTH EDITION
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3. Posterior
a. Latissimus Dorsi
b. Trapezius Muscles
c. Levator Scapulae
d. Rhomboids
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4. These muscles are involved with the movements
of the scapula including
a. Elevation
b. Depression
c. Rotation
d. Lateral and medial movements
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5. Prime movers of shoulder elevation are
a. Trapezius
b. Levator scapulae
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I. Muscles Crossing the Shoulder
1. Nine muscles cross the
shoulder joint and insert into the
humerus
2. Prime movers include:
a. Pectoralis major
1) arm flexion
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Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
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I. Muscles Crossing the Shoulder
b. Latissimus dorsi and
posterior fibers of the
deltoid
1) arm extension
c. Middle fibers of the deltoid
1) arm abduction
3. Rotator cuff muscles
originate on the scapula
a.
b.
c.
d.
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis
4. Function mainly to
reinforce the capsule of the
shoulder
5. Secondarily act as
synergists and fixators
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6. The coracobrachialis and teres major:
a. Act as synergists
b. Do not contribute to reinforcement
of the shoulder joint
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A. Muscles Crossing the Elbow
2. Forearm flexion
a. Brachialis and biceps brachii are the
chief forearm flexors
b. Brachioradialis acts as a synergist
and helps stabilize the elbow
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A. Muscles Crossing the Elbow
1. Forearm extension
a. Triceps brachii is the prime
mover of forearm extension
b. The anconeus is a weak synergist
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B. Muscles of the Forearm
1. Forearm muscle groups
a. those that move the wrist
b. those that move the digits
2. Anterior muscles are flexors
3. Posterior muscles are extensors
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Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
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4. The pronator teres and pronator quadratus are not
flexors, but pronate the forearm
5. The supinator muscle is a synergist with the
biceps brachii in supinating the forearm
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C. Muscles of the Forearm: Anterior
Compartment
1. These muscles
are primarily
flexors of the wrist
and fingers
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D. Muscles of the Forearm: Posterior
Compartment
1. These muscles are
primarily extensors
of the wrist and
fingers
Figure 10.15a
E. Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand
1. These small muscles:
a. Lie in the palm of the hand (none on the dorsal
side)
b. Move the metacarpals and fingers
c. Control precise movements (e.g., threading a
needle)
d. Are the main abductors and adductors of the
fingers
e. Produce opposition – move the thumb toward the
little finger
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Figure 10.16a
Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand
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Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand
Figure 10.18a
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Figure 10.18b
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F. Finger and Thumb Movements
G. Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand: Groups
1. Flexion
1. There are two groups of intrinsic hand muscles
a. Thumb – bends medially along the palm
a. The thenar eminence (ball of the thumb)
b. Fingers – bend anteriorly
b. hypothenar eminence (ball of the little finger)
2. Extension
a. Thumb – points laterally
c. each have a flexor, an abductor, and an opponens
muscle
b. Fingers – move posteriorly
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Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
2. The midpalm muscles
a. Lumbricals
b. Interossei
c. extend the fingers
3. The interossei also abduct and adduct the fingers
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