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Lab Activity 8 Axial Skeleton Martini Chapter 7 Portland Community College BI 231 Axial Skeleton • • • • Skull Spine Thoracic Cage Hyoid bone Cervical Spine • 7 Vertebra • C1-C7 • Concave Posterior Thoracic Spine • • • • 12 Vertebra T1-T12 Convex Posterior Attach to the ribs Lumbar Spine • 5 Vertebra • L1-L5 • Concave Posterior Sacral Spine • 5 Fused Vertebra • “Sacrum” Coccyx • 4 Fused Vertebra Intervertebral Foraminae Intervertebral Disk Annulus Fibrosus (Fibrocartilage) Nucleus Pulposus Cervical Vertebrae (C3-C7) Vertebral Foramen BODY Cervical Vertebrae (C3-C7) Bifid Spinous Process Cervical Vertebrae (C3-C7) Transverse Processes Transverse Foramen Cervical Vertebrae (C3-C7) Superior Articular Process Superior Articular Facet Cervical Vertebrae (C3-C7) Vertebral Arch Cervical Vertebrae C1: Atlas Superior Articular Facet Cervical Vertebrae C2: Axis Odontoid Process (Dens) Cervical Vertebrae C1 & C2 Joined Together Thoracic Vertebrae Spinous Process Thoracic Vertebrae Costal Facets on the Transverse Process (for rib attachment) Lumbar Vertebrae BODY Sacrum 5 Fused Vertebrae Sacrum Sacral Promontory Sacrum Sacral Foramina Sacroiliac Joints Coccyx 4 Rudimentary Vertebrae Hyoid Bone Greater Horn Lesser Horn BODY Sternum Manubrium Sternal Angle Body Xiphoid Process Ribs 1-7: True Ribs Ribs 8-10: False Ribs Ribs 11 & 12: Floating Ribs Ribs Ribs Attached to Thoracic Vertebrae Costovertebral Angle Supraorbital ridge Frontal Bone Frontal Bone Frontal Bone Frontal Sinus Parietal Bone Parietal Bone Parietal Bone Parietal Bone Temporal Bone Temporal Bone Temporal Bone Temporal Bone Temporal Bone Temporal Bone External Acoustic Meatus Zygomatic Arch Mastoid Process Mandibular fossa Styloid Process Temporal Bone Carotid Canal Jugular Foramen Occipital Bone Occipital Bone Occipital Condyles Foramen Magnum External occipital protuberance Sphenoid Bone Lesser Wing Greater Wing Pterygoid Process Lateral Pterygoid Plate Medial Pterygoid Plate Sphenoid Bone Pterygoid Process Sphenoidal Sinus Sphenoid Bone Lesser Wing Greater Wing Sella Turcica Sphenoid Bone Hypophyseal Fossa Dorsum Sella Ethmoid Bone Crista Galli Perpendicular Plate Ethmoid Bone Middle Nasal Conchae Perpendicular Plate Ethmoid Bone Cristae Galli Cribriform Plate Perpendicular Plate Cranium Floor Anterior Cranial Fossa Middle Cranial Fossa Posterior Cranial Fossa Sagittal Suture Between the Right and Left Parietal bones Occipital Bone Parietal Bone (Right) Parietal Bone (Left) Frontal Bone Coronal Suture Between the Parietal bones and the Frontal Bone Parietal Bone Temporal Bone Occipital Bone Frontal Bone Squamous Suture Between the Parietal bone and the Temporal Bone Parietal Bone Temporal Bone Occipital Bone Frontal Bone Lambdoid Suture Between the Parietal bones and the Occipital Bone Parietal Bone Temporal Bone Occipital Bone Frontal Bone Wormian (Sutural) Bones Small islands of bone that fill gaps in sutures. Present in varying amounts Fetal Skull Fetal Skull Superior View Orbit Maxilla Hard Palate Mandible Coronoid Process Mandibular Condyle Alveolar Process Ramus Angle Mental Foramen Body Mandible Mylohyoid Line Mandibular Foramen Palatine Bone Vomer Zygomatic Bone Temporal Process Zygomatic Arch Facial Bones Facial Bones Inferior Nasal Conchae Vomer Middle Nasal Conchae (Ethmoid) Perpendicular Plate (Ethmoid) Ethmoid Air C Sinuses Frontal Sphenoidal Maxillary The End
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