Download Practical II Dreamsheet (more notes)

Fall 08 12/1/08
I had a dozy of a dream last night and I saw the systemic anatomy lab practical. I can tell you right now where
you are going to have problems, and that is the ANS! So beef up on the ANS, do your questions and
worksheets in the appendix of your lecture guide and you will do ok but if you do not do them, you are going
to have problems. Know the following:
1) the meninges (1 question)
Know the layers of the meninges – cervical vertebrae model – Spinal cord
2) components of the CNS and the PNS (1 question)
REMEMBER neuroglia cells
3) anatomy of the spinal cord (3 questions)
Cross section of spinal cord, horns, central canal, gray commissure
4) the components which form the spinal nerve and their functions, include functional components found in
the various components (2 questions)
 Dorsal root, ventral root, id structure, spinal nerve
 FX component of the Spinal Nerve – GSA, GVA, GVE, GSE
5) be able to ID the filum terminale, cauda equina, conus terminalis, etc. (1 question)
6) be able to number and name spinal nerve roots, ie. C3 exits between C2 and C3 vertebra (2 questions) **
7) name the branches of a spinal nerve (2 questions) **
 recurrent meningeal, dorsal ramus, ventral ramus, rami communicantes
8) functional components in spinal nerves (1-2 questions)
9) pathology of the brachial plexus, you know like Erb Duchenne, wrist drop, etc. (1-2 questions)**
 Point to brachial plexus  Radial N – Paralysis of this nerve causes what condition? -- Wrist Drop, etc
10) be able to ID the nerves of the cervical plexus on the bust models and know the spinal nerve roots which
contribute to their formation. I will point to a nerve and ask you to ID it or I will point to a nerve and ask you
which spinal nerve roots contribute to its formation. (3-4 questions)
Transverse cervical, greater auricular (great auricular): spinal nerve roots? C2,3
11) Identify nerve branches of the brachial plexus and components of the brachial plexus and be able to tell
me which spinal nerve roots form the various nerve branches of the plexus. You know like this is the radial
nerve and it comes off of the posterior cord and it is derived from spinal nerve roots C5,6,7,8 and T1. I may
show you pictures of the brachial plexus, I may show you arm models or models of the plexus itself. I will also
ask you what nerve innervates this muscle as I point to a muscle. There are about 20 questions over the
brachial plexus.
 Arm models, neck models, ID Nerves: Remember the “M” – musculucutaneus, median, & Ulnar N
 9 questions on muscle innervations – know arm & leg models – ID Muscles & give innervations
 Pics of Brachial Plexus – ID structure – roots, cords, divisions, trunks, branches
 Dermatomes!
HM 1/3
Fall 08 12/1/08
12) Know the posterior scalp and the nerves found there, know something about dorsal rami in the cervical
region
13) Know the same as #11 for the lumbar and sacral plexuses. Same type of format, where I will point to a
nerve and ask you to name the nerve, or what spinal nerve roots is it derived from, or I will point to a muscle
and ask you what nerve innervates it or what spinal nerve roots form the nerve that innervates it? There are
about 10 questions over the lumbar plexus and about 5 over the sacral plexus.
 4 questions (half pelvis model) – Nerves
 Posterior spinal cord model – Femoral N – L2,3,4; Obturator N – L2, 3, 4; Genitofemoral N – L1, 2
 ie: Gluteus Maximus Ms – Inferior Gluteal N, Nerve roots?: L5, S1, 2
14) Be able to identify the cranial nerves, where if I point to one either on a model or on a picture you can ID it
(about 2-3 questions here) .
o Brainstem models in there – ID Cranial Nerves
o Make sure you know: III, V (CN IV – comes from Dorsum [posterior aspect] of brain stem!)
o What holes CNs travel through (ie: III – superior orbital fissure)
15) Be able to trace the peripheral nerves and know where they become superficial and are palpable and
subject to injury*** in relation to certain bones! Know the boney landmarks that nerves pass over
superficially.( ie: medial epicondyle of the humerus and the ___ nerve.)
 Femoral N
 Obturator N
 Tibial N
 Common Peroneal N
 Radial N
 Ulnar N
 Median N
16) Know the innervation of the extrinsic ocular muscles
17) Know the components of the carpal tunnel **** flexor retinaculum & carpal bones
18) 3-4 questions asking the function of certain cranial nerves, ie, what cranial nerve innervates this structure,
or which cranial nerves carry taste info., etc.
19) There are about 20 questions covering the ANS, all aspects from CNS origins, types of ganglia, pre and
postganglionic neurons, their locations and associations, receptors, neurotransmitters, effects upon
neuroeffector tissues, etc. (read the questions and label the drawing in the back of the lecture guide)
 Location of preganglionic sympathetic ganglia
 Sympathetic & Parasympathetic Segments
 Nuclei
 Understand the course of a typical preganglionic sympathetic neuron
 Which cranial Nerves carry GVE fibers
 Know the nuclei & named terminal ganglia assoc. with the parasympathetic nervous system
 Know the effects of the ANS on various organs (Dual innervation organs)
 Know the effects of receptor blocking agents on various organs – muscarinic blockers & beta blockers
HM 2/3
Fall 08 12/1/08
ANS Stations - #66-81 on Practical (Hardest Questions on the Test!)
20) There are about 16 questions covering the heart and blood vessels, including the circle of Willis (3
questions here), this includes:
 the valves of the heart
 ID internal structures of the heart
 branches off of the aorta
 peripheral blood vessels
 heart chambers (ie: atria, ventricles)
 conduction system of the heart (picture identification – Nodes (example: SA), purkinje fibers)
 Coronary blood vessels – branches of the 2, Major blood vessels – coronary sinus, etc.
 blood vessels associated with the hepatic portal system
21) bones of the appendicular skeleton ( 1-2 questions here, to ID a bone)
22) classifications of joints (1 classification of 1 joint) – z – joints & intervertebral joints
23) vertebrae (1 question over a vertebrae)
24) a mystery box where you will have to reach in and ID the bone and tell me if it is right or left
About Practical II
About 55 – 60 stations; 100 questions total; about 45 seconds to 1 minute per station
HM 3/3