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HUMAN BODY TEST TWO
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Digestion and Excretion
Anus, bolus, peristalsis, cardiac sphincter, gastric gland, sodium bicarbonate, duodenum,
large intestine, tongue, pepsin, bile duct, ileum, digestion, teeth, chyme, pyloric sphincter,
mouth, bile salt, jejunum, lacteal, saliva gland, bile, pancreatic duct, rectum, esophagus,
epiglottis, mucus, HCL, amylase, liver, villi, enzymes, stomach, gall bladder, pancreas,
hormones and many many more terms may be used in this section of the test.
1-6. Write in the proper term.
1. Produces HCL and pepsin
2. Moves the food to form a bolus
3. Helps turn starch into sugars
4. Muscular movement used to move food through the alimentary canal
5. Muscular valve that stops digestive fluids from going up the esophagus
6. Produces enzymes like: maltase, lipase, and trypsin
7-10. Matching
7. Which is the proper order for food to move through the body?
a. Mouth, small intestine, pyloric sphincter, large intestine
b. Cardiac sphincter, stomach, duodenum, rectum
c. Jejunum, duodenum, anus, ileum
d. Teeth, epiglottis, colon, esophagus
8. The process by which food is broken down by the cell to produce energy is called?
a. Digestion, b. Photosynthesis, c. cellular biosynthesis, d. cellular respiration
9. A person has just had gallbladder surgery. What type of food do they eat less of?
a. sugar, b. fats, c. proteins, d. carbohydrates
10. Why does mechanical digestion inrease the rate of chemical digestion?
a. It adds more digestive enzymes.
b. It increases the surface area.
c. It breaks the chemical bonds into smaller pieces.
d. It releases ATP as an energy source to be used in the digestion process.
11. Waste from the cell goes out of the body through what three things?
a. anus, urinary tract, lungs. b. anus, skin, lungs
c. urinary tract, lungs, skins d. anus, urinary tract, skin
12. Nitrogen products from the breakdown of protein are excreted in the form of:
a. urea, b. nitrous oxide c. calcium bicarbonate, d. ammonia
PICTURE OF A SMALL INTESTINE SHOWING THE LACTEALS GOES HERE
13. In the diagram of the small intestine, which letter identifies the structure that has the
main function of absorption of fat into the body? Give the letter and then name it.
14. In the diagram of the small intestine, which letter identifies the structure that absorbs
nutrients (food) into the body? Give the letter and then name it.
15-17 Which organ on the diagram is responsible for….
15. producing bile. Give the letter and then name it.
16. absorbing water and vitamins. Give the letter and name it.
17. absorbing food. Give the letter and name it.
PICTURE OF THE HUMAN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM GOES HERE
CIRCULATORY AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEMS
PICTURE OF A HUMAN HEART GOES HERE
18-22. Name the parts of the heart in the diagram above.
23. Which vessel carries oxygenated blood?
a. vena cava, b. pulmonary artery, c. pulmonary vein, d. right ventricle
24. What is the molecule in the red blood cell that carries oxygen?
25. Diastolic pressure is:
a. pressure when the heart is at rest
b. pressure when the heart is pumping
c. pressure of the lungs exhaling
d. pressure of the atria pushing blood into the ventricles.
26. Name one of your natural pacemakers. (Give the full name, not the symbols)
hint: AV node, SA node
27-29 Matching
27. major part of the immune system
28. produces proteins for clotting
29. made in the bone marrow
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
red blood cells
white blood cells
platelets
all three
none of these
30. Which vessel has the thickest walls?
a. vein, b. artery, c. capillary d. all the same
31. Which vessel is responsible for diffusing food into your cells and waste out?
a. vein, b. artery, c. capillary, d. all of these
PICTURE OF A HUMAN LUNG GOES HERE
32-34. Write in the name of the structure in the lung.
35. A normal person without any respiratory diseases breathes in response to:
a. The need for oxygen. B. the carbon dioxide levels in the blood
c. alveoli pressure, d. heart rate
36. The amount of air normally moving in and out of the lungs is called:
a. tidal air, b. reserve air, c. residual air, d. complemantal air
37. What part of the body is responsible for telling the lungs to breath and how fast?
a. lungs, b. heart, c. brain, d. alveoli, e. none of these
38. Cigarette smoking destroys the respiratory system by:
a. coating the alveoli with tar
b. reducing the elasticity of the alveoli
c. drying out the lungs
d. reducing the surface are for absorption of oxygen
e. all of the above.
39. What is involved in breathing?
a. diaphram, intercostal muscles, trachea
b. ribs, epiglottis, vacuum
c. nasal hair, cilia, bronchioles
d. atmospheric pressure, alveoli, no sucking
e. all of the above
40. When you breath out (exhale), not all the air leaves the lungs. This keeps the lungs
from collapsing. This air is called: a. tidal, b. complemental, c. reserve, d. residual
MUSCULAR AND SKELETAL SYSTEMS
Ligament, periosteum, cartilage, spongy bone, solid bone, yellow marrow, red marrow,
osteocyte, point of insertion, point of origin, tendon, haversian canels, molting, extensor,
flexor, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, striated muscle, joint, ossification, compact bone,
actin, myosin, myofibril, Z disc, sarcomere antagonistic, bursa, synovial fluid,
endoskeleton, exoskeleton, osteoblast, osteoclast and many, many other terms.
PICTURE OF A BONE, INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL GOES HERE
41-43. Name the structures of the bone picture.
44. Which letter in the bone picture is responsible
for producing blood?
45. Which letter in the bone picture is responsible
for storing fat?
46. The process in which cartilage cells are replaced with
bone cells as you grow older is called?
47-50 Matching
47. controlled by two nerves
48. found around the arteries
49. all or nothing response
50. involuntary
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
smooth muscle
striated muscle
cardiac muscle
all three
smooth and cardiac
PICTURE OF A HUMAN ARM SHOWING MUSCLE, BONE, LIGAMENTS
TENDONS GOES HERE.
51-56 Look at the picture to the right and answer the questions.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
Which letter is a point of origin?
Which letter is an extensor?
Which letter is a ligament?
Which letter is a point of insertion
What two letters are antagonistic to each other?
Name the joint labeled “56.”
57. Muscles contract when:
a. actin and myosin slide over each other
b. cross-bridges form between Z-discs and connect them
c. tendons pull on the muscle fibers causing them to contract
d. bundles of muscle fibers push on the two adjacent bones.
58. Muscles are responsible for:
a. moving joints, b. moving food,
pressure, e. all of these.
c. moving blood, d. regulating blood
59. The condition where the bone looses calcium, usually later in life is called?
a. arthritis, b. bursitis, c. osteoporosis, d. ossification
60. How many bones are in the human body? a. 200,
b. 190,
c. 94 d. 206
NERVOUS SYSTEM
Stimulus, neuron, sensory neuron, motor neuron, interneuron, axon, dendrite, myelin
sheath, node, threshold, synaptic cleft, neurotransmitters, impulse, cerebrum, cerebellum,
brainstem, thalamus, hypothalamus, spinal cord, PNS, CNS, somatic N.S., Autonomic
N.S., sympathetic N.S., parasympathetic NS, reflex, reflex arc, sensory receptors (many
kinds), medulla oblongata, pons, pupil, lens, aqueous humor, cornea, vitreous humor,
optic nerve, fovea, retina, choroids, sclera, rod, cone, cochlea, tympanic membrane, oval
window, inner ear, nerve hair, taste bud, stimulant, depressant, endorphins, dopamine,
cirrhosis, white matter, gray matter, meninges, cerebral cortex, sodium-potassium pump,
cerebrospinal fluid, and many, many other terms that are really cool.
61-63. Name the parts of the neuron below.
PICTURE OF A NEURON GOES HERE
64-66. Match the function with the part of the brain.
64. controls the voluntary activities of the body
65. recognition and analysis of hunger, thirst
fatigue, anger, body temp.
66. controls involuntary actions like blood pressure
heart rate, breathing, swallowing
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
cerebellum
cerebrum
thalamus
medulla oblongata
spinal cord
67. What would increase the neurotransmitters in the brain?
a. depressants b. dopamine, c. alcohol, d. stimulants
68. What nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord?
a. PNS b. somatic NS c. sympathetic NS, d. CNS
69. The five sensory receptors are: pain receptor, chemoreceptor, mechanoreceptor,
thermoreceptor and ____________________.
70. What is the proper direction of a reflex arc?
a. stimulus, sensory neuron, motor neuron, brain
b. sensory neuron, spinal cord, brain, spinal cord, motor neuron
c. motor neuron, spinal cord, sensory neuron, muscle
d. stimulus, sensory neuron, spinal cord, motor neuron, muscle