Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download SCCS Anatomy/Physiology Name: Friday, April 17 Urinary System
Document related concepts
Transcript
SCCS Anatomy/Physiology Friday, April 17 Urinary System Intro Name: Use your textbook and/or internet research to fill out this introduction to the urinary system. The Urinary System Problem: Cells produce waste that can become toxic if they accumulate Urinary System Functions: Removes salts and nitrogenous wastes Maintains normal concentration of water and electrolytes Maintains pH, controls red blood cell production and blood pressure Urinary System Composition: Pair of ____________________which remove substances from the blood Ureters which transport_________________ from the kidneys to the bladder Urinary bladder _________________ urine Urethra conveys urine to the ________________________of the body Kidneys: Lie on either side of the ______________column deep in the abdominal cavity Positioned behind the parietal peritoneum (retroperitoneally) Lateral side is __________________, medial is concave Sit a depression called the renal sinus Entrance is called the hilum Superior end of the kidney forms a funnel shaped sac - renal pelvis Renal medulla = core of the kidney Renal cortex = outer shell around the medulla; the cortex appears granulated due to the presence of nephrons Renal arteries supply blood to the kidneys Renal veins drain blood from the kidneys Kidney Labeling: Renal Arteries and Veins: Arteries attach to the abdominal aorta Veins attach to the inferior vena cava Interlobar arteries pass between the renal pyramids Afferent arterioles lead to the nephrons Nephron - functional unit of the urinary system Quick Analogy: A nephron is to the urinary system as the ______________________ is to the nervous system -each kidney contains about 1 million __________________ -renal corpuscle: composed of a tangled cluster of capillaries which filters fluid - renal corpuscle is part of the glomerulus Pathway = glomerulus -» proximal tubule --» nephron loop (also called Loop of Henle) --» distal tubule --» collecting duct --» ureter --» bladder Urine Formation: glomerular filtration - urine formation begins, plasma is filtered tubular reabsorption - returns most of the fluid to the body - PROXIMAL TUBULE tubular secretion - removes what is not needed; produces urine - DISTAL TUBULE Urine Composition: 95 % ______________________________ Contains urea and uric acid (gives urine its characteristic smell) Can contain trace amino acids Urine may also contain other chemicals that can be detected. ____________________present in a pregnant woman are detectable in urine *Diuretic – any substance that increases urine production Urine Elimination: After urine forms in the nephrons, the ureters (starting with the renal pelvis) carry the urine away to the ____________________. Bladder is an expandable structure that __________________ urine before it is eliminated from the body. Transitional epithelial cells change shape to allow for _________________ and contraction. Micturition = urination; as the bladder fills this reflex occurs though it is also under voluntary control Detrusser Muscles – muscles that attach to bladder and sphincter that control urination Urethra = tube carries urine to the outside of the body
