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Ethics in the Workplace Chapter 2 Utility and Utilitarianism Moral Duty, Rights, and Justice Common Workplace Ethics 2 Ethics in the Workplace The application of moral principles, standards of behavior, or set of values regarding proper conduct in the workplace as individuals and in a group setting • Defining “Organizational ethics: ” Organizational ethics: Sets of formal and informal standards of conduct that people use to guide their behavior at work These standards are partly based on core values such as honesty, respect, and trust, but they also can be learned directly from the actions of others. For example, what people see their organizational leaders, managers, and coworkers do on the job can influence their own views of what is acceptable or unacceptable behavior. . Ethics program: The formal policies, practices, and processes that organizations develop to deal with their own ethical issues Tips on Establishing an Ethics Program • Establishing an ethics program is not an exact science. As with the development of other organizational programs, it involves the input, interaction, cooperation, decision-making, and ongoing commitment of many people., , • What is autonomy in ethics? Autonomy in ethics refers to individual • freedom or one’s right to make decisions without being coerced. It is the concept of social, political and ethical morals that give individuals the rational right to make their own informed choices. The individual’s decisions are also guided by the principles of what is right and wholesome as given by sensible conscience and as defined by the society Justice offices and positions must be open to everyone under conditions of fair equality of opportunity right correct in judgment, opinion, or action • duty: a task or action that a person is bound to perform for moral or legal reasons Good Workplace Ethics• Staying productive • • Be accountable for your actions • • Take initiative • be able to solve problems • • Be punctual • • Stay positive • • Stay professional • • Take pride in your work • Poor Ethics • Illegal practices • Stealing • Ignoring procedures and policies • Falsifying information • Making decisions for your own personal gain • Lack of communication • Withholding information Consequences of Poor Ethics in the Workplace Stricter rules • An undesirable work environment • Causes a domino affect among other colleagues • Potential job loss • Potential closing of the organization • an employee’s ethical behavior is driven by a variety of factors: Employees who feel pressured to meet company demands may engage in bad behavior to get ahead. Establishing high employee morale. encouraging upright behavior is essential for raising ethical standards in the workplace. The human resources department can help educate staff members on proper ethical practices so they can learn what actions and behaviors are unacceptable. Supervision is also essential to assure that employees and leaders within a company are ethically and legally compliant with local and state rules and regulations. . Correcting employees is essential for reducing the of unethical actions in the work environment. “Should the performance feedback session follow a corrective or punitive approach?” Stephany, HR, Executive 15 Employees, having strong ethics in personal and professional life, need no explanation, unlike those employees for whom work ethics is a growing problem. 16 How to Encourage Good Ethics in the Workplace Fair treatment Communication • Have office policies • Transparency • Trainings • Have plans of action • Constructive feedback Special Obligations for the Employer Social Security Pension (retirement) Healthcare Occupational Risks Transportation Subsidy Maternity Leave Vacation Social Security Benefits Provided by the Employer Utilitarianism An ethical theory that holds that an action is right if it tends to produce, the greatest amount of good for the greatest number of people affected by the action. Otherwise the action is wrong. Act utilitarianism holds that each individual action, in all its concreteness and in all its detail, is what should be subjected to the utilitarian test. Utilitarianism A moral theory that dictates that people must • choose the action or follow the rule that provides the greatest good to society. This does not mean the greatest good for the • greatest number of people. Has been criticized because it is difficult to • estimate the “good” that will result from different actions. Copyright © 2004 by PrenticeHall. All rights reserved. Example: Airplane Manufacturing Case An airplane manufacturer has spent a great deal of money • developing a new plane. The company badly needs cash since it is financially overextended. – If it does not get orders soon, it’ll have to close down part of its operation. – Doing that will put several thousand workers out of jobs. – The president of the company bribes a foreign minister to insure purchase – of the planes, arguing the good done overall justifies the use of bribery.