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ETHICAL ISSUES AND
DECISION
MAKING
IN:
PUBLIC SERVICE
“If you don’t want to work for a living – this is as good a job as any”
John F. Kennedy 1946 – New Congressman
With Funding from:
Department of Justice, COPS Office
http://cop.spcollege.edu
CLASS RESOURCES
MEET YOUR
TEAMMATES
“90% of success is
just showing up”
Woody Allen
http://cop.spcollege.edu
“Ethics” – What is it & WHY?
• Ethics – Study of what is
“Right & Wrong – Good or Bad”
• Morality – Rules & Social Standards
• Ethical Issues – Debatable questions of
Moral Right & Wrong
“Congress would exempt itself from the Laws of Gravity if it could”
Congressman Henry Hyde, 1988
http://cop.spcollege.edu
“BRAIN STORM”
THREE MINUTE EXERCISE:
What are some “ETHICAL
ISSUES”
Relevant to PUBLIC SERVICE
“Just put in some of that VISION thing”
George Bush to speech writer - 1988
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ETHICAL PRINCIPLES
“SHOULD”
• Treat others as they want to be treated
• Be honest
• Respect rights of others
• Greatest Good – Greatest Number
“Character is much easier kept than recovered”
Thomas Payne
http://cop.spcollege.edu
PROFESSIONAL ETHICS
• APPLICATION of Universal Ethical Principles
to situations that arise in Business of
Professional Life
“So far – about morality. I know
only that what is moral is what you
fell good after and what is immoral
is what you feel bad after”
Ernest Hemingway
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“VIRTUES” IN ETHICS
THREE MINUTE EXERCISE
Virtues and a
“GOOD PUBLIC SERVANT”
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Character & Integrity
• Character = Total of all ethical Strengths
and Weaknesses – (Continuum)
• Integrity = Living by Commendable
Ethical Principles
“The world has achieved brilliance without conscience – Ours is a world of
nuclear giants and ethical infants” Omar Bradley
http://cop.spcollege.edu
4 Components of Rest’s
Consistent
Ethical Behavior
•
•
•
•
Moral Sensitivity
Moral Judgment
Moral Motivation
Moral Character
“Only a life lived for others is a life worth
living” Einstein
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THREE (3) Minute
“Brainstorming”
“STANDARD” of Behavior for
PUBLIC SERVANTS
“Everything secret denigrates: nothing is safe that
does not bear discussion and publicity” Lord Action
http://cop.spcollege.edu
UNIT 2:
MORAL DEVELOPMENT
PERSONAL ETHICS
POP QUIZ
“Inability to tell good from evil is
the greatest worry of man’s life”
Cicero
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LEVELS OF
MORAL REASONING
– Level One : Basic, Immature, Self serving, No
punishment
– Level Two: Conforming, Social Approval, “Right”
– Level Three: Rational, “Universal”
“The ethical person should do more than
he is required to do and less than he is
allowed to do” Michael Josephson
http://cop.spcollege.edu
ILLUSTRATION OF
MORAL DEVELOPMENT
Kohlberg Video of
Milgram’s 1950’s Experiments
“All virtue is summed up in dealing justly”
Aristotle
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APPLICATION SCENERIO
“GOOD” PUBLIC SERVANT
Dilemmas
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UNIT 3 –
Conflicts of Interest to
Public Servants
“Trust like the soul
– never returns
once it is lost”
Syrus
http://cop.spcollege.edu
HUMAN
“SCAVENGER HUNT”
Back to “Teammate” Resources
“Ethics requires us to abandon
the notion that an act is ethical
– simply because it is legal”
Michael Josephson
http://cop.spcollege.edu
CONFLICTS of INTEREST
Competing Priorities –
Personal & Professional Commitments
“Too many people are ready to
carry the stool when the piano
needs to be moved”
Unknown
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Errors in Judgment =
Trust & Reliability Problems
Three Levels of Conflicts of Interest:
• Actual
• Potential
• Apparent
“There is a big difference between
what we have a right to do – and
what is right to do”
Justice Potter Stuart
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COPING WITH
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
WE MIGHT:
• Do Nothing – Ignore it
• Avoid
“The reward of a
• Escape
thing well done – is to
have done it”
• Disclose
Emerson
• Manage
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APPLICATION SCENARIO
“Max & Minnie”
• Type of Conflict of Interest?
• Possible Actions – Coping Strategies
“It is easier to fight for
principles – than to live
up to them”
Alfred Adler
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UNIT 4
FLORIDA CODE OF ETHICS
for: Public Officers & Employees
Set of Rules and Principles
intended to provide
Guidelines and Behavioral
Standards to those under
its authority.
http://cop.spcollege.edu
3 Types of Ethical Codes
• Corporate Codes
• Professional Codes
• Government / Public Service Codes
“ We make a living by what we get, but we make
a life by what we give”
Winston Churchill
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LEVELS of Ethical
PRINCIPLES, STANDARDS &
RULES
• THEORETICAL LEVEL
• PRACTICAL LEVEL
• CURRENTLY ATTAINABLE LEVEL
• BASIC LEVEL
“Life consists, not in holding good cards, but in playing well those
you hold” Josh Billings
http://cop.spcollege.edu
OVERVIEW of
Florida Code Ethics
• Prohibited Actions
• Prohibited Employment &
Relationships
• Restrictions Regarding Relatives
• Revolving Door Restrictions
• Voting Conflicts of Interest
• Disclosure Forms
• Additional Content
http://cop.spcollege.edu
APPLICATION EXERCISES
Florida Code of Ethics
• “If we were In Charge”
• “Lenny’s Dilemma”
“We cannot live happily as human beings in the
belief that our own actions don’t matter”
Alvin Toffler
http://cop.spcollege.edu
WRAP UP & EVALUATION
THANK YOU “Remember not only to say the right
thing in the right place – but far
more difficult still, to leave unsaid
the wrong thing at the tempting
moment”
Benjamin Franklin
http://cop.spcollege.edu