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NC HISTORY CH 1 STUDY GUIDE & VOCAB Social Studies 8 CALDWELL Name _________________ Date __________________ Unscramble the words to identify these key terms from the chapter. Use the Word Bank to assist you… wetland region sound barrier islands inlet 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. fall line cove Gulf Stream savanna pocosin mill village headwaters tobacco towns bald estuary nogier—An area where the lay of the land and habits of the people are similar._________________________ evoc—A valley where streams cut out land wide enough for farming. ____________________________ dalb—A place in high elevations where few trees grow. ____________ lilm aeglliv—Clusters of houses on the edge of a factory town. ______ ________________________ sinocop—From an Indian word meaning “swamp on a hill.” _________ telwand—An area where the soil is soaked or flooded with water. ________________________ alfl enil—The boundary between the Piedmont and Coastal Plain regions._____________________________ telin—A shallow area that allows seawater to come in and out with the tides. __________________ bactoco swont—The popularity of cigarettes in the 20th century caused these areas to grow. _____________________ turyeas—A muddy salt marsh that contains a variety of coastal animals. ___________________________ fulg treasm—The ocean current running by Cape Hatteras. _________ __________________________ dheasrtewa—The springs where rivers begin. ____________________ unsod—An inland body of mixed salt and fresh water. _____________ rribaer lisdans—Long chain of sandy spits, which make up the 1 15. Outer Banks._______________________ vasanan—Area of tall grasses and pines. ________________________ Section 1—The Tidewater Region (Use the information from pgs 6-11 to complete the following statements) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. In the southern part of the coast, the Tidewater is no more than __________ miles wide. The land is influenced by the daily movement of the ocean’s ____________________. The most famous barrier islands along the coast are called the __________ __________. Most barrier islands are less than _____________ miles across. The ocean current running by Cape Hatteras is the _____________ _______________. Cape Hatteras has been called the “ _______________ ____ _____ ________________”because of the dangers just offshore. North Carolina has ______________ major sounds, which are mixed bodies of water that are just behind the barrier islands. The ____________________________ Sound is the deepest and largest in the state. Common wetlands in the state are estuaries and ________________. Most of the ___________________________ lakes in North Carolina are in the Tidewater. Lake Mattamuskeet is fi fteen miles across at its longest, but averages only ____________ feet in depth. Throughout the state’s history, the Tidewater has been one of the ________ populated regions. Section 2 The Coastal Plain Region (Use the information from pgs 12-17 to complete the following statements) 1. The Coastal Plain takes up about a __________________ of the area of North Carolina. 2 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Two central characteristics of the Coastal Plain are its fl atness and its _______________. The rivers of the Coastal Plain generally flow in a _________ direction. Coastal Plain residents have generally lived in rural crossroads ____________________ and small _____________________ towns. Before tobacco fields, the _____________ ___________ was the most common sight onthe Coastal Plain. Elongated depressions in the ground in the southern part of the Coastal Plain are called ______________ ____________. These mysterious depressions provide some of the richest __________ and best ______________________ habitats in the state. The Coastal Plain has long attracted people of different ____________ ____ who came to take advantage of its dark soil and other resources. The most distinctive people of the Coastal Plain are the ____________ of Robeson County. This group from Robeson County and the surrounding area forms the largest population of ____________ _________________ in the state. Section 3 The Piedmont Region (Use the information from pgs 18-27 to complete the following statements) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. The Piedmont region’s unforgettable feature is its ________________. In Latin, Piedmont means “_____________ _____ ______ _______________________.” The line dividing the Piedmont from the Coastal Plain is called the ________ ________. One of the key reasons ___________________ developed in the state was the lack of connection between the ___________of the Piedmont and Coastal Plain. Since the end of World War II, many Piedmont farmers have returned to ____________. ________________, tobacco, and _______________ were regarded as the three principal industries in the state for a large part of its history. All three industries went into a decline in the 1990s because of __________ competition. 3 8. 9. 10. Banking and ____________________ have become big business in the Charlotte area. Since the 1960s, _________________ _______________ __________, located between Raleigh, Durham, and Chapel Hill, has been a leader in technology innovation. Because of their slopes and slate in the soil, the __________________ were not as thickly settled as other Piedmont areas. Section 4 The Mountains Region(Use the information from pgs 28-36 to complete the following statements) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. The ______________ ________________ forms the eastern boundary of the Appalachian Mountains, some of the oldest in the world. The Blue Ridge divides the ________________________ from the Mountains region. The Continental _____________________ runs along the Blue Ridge. Until the building of _____________________ in the late 1800s, travel over the Blue Ridge was expensive and laborious. Forty-three mountaintops in the state are more than _____________ feet above sea level. The highest elevation east of the Rocky Mountains is Mt. __________, at 6,684 feet. The _________ _________ Mountains have one of the greatest variety of plants found anywhere in the world outside of the rain forest. The _____________________ River starts just west of the Blue Ridge and flows north out of the northwestern corner of the state. The tributaries of the ________________ River, in particular the Little Tennessee and the Nantahala, form a river system that flows all the way to the __________________ River. _____________________ Lake is one of the deepest lakes in America. The Mountains region was never as populated or _________________ as the other regions of the state. In recent times, ______________ has become the largest part of the Mountains economy. 4 13. The most distinctive recent economic development has been the ____________________ tree industry. Section 5 North Carolina’s Weather and Climate (Use the information from pgs 37-41 to complete the following statements) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. North Carolina has a _______________________ climate, which means there are no extremes in temperature and precipitation. _______________________ bring warmer air in the winter and cooler air in the summer. In most places of the state, the _______________________ is often above 50 percent. The rate of ______________________ (rain, snow, sleet, hail) varies considerably from place to place across the state. Most of the rain in the ___________ comes from clouds that first have to cross the __________, where they drop most of their moisture. Anywhere in North Carolina can get snow, but the ________________ get the bulk of it. Some of the worst weather in the state occurs when the temperature is just around __________________, and the rain turns to _________. The whole state experiences _________________ during the summer. Compared to the _______________ __________________ states, North Carolina does not have frequent tornadoes. When tornadoes do occur, they tend to hit the __________________ and certain counties in the southern half of the _______________. Hurricanes bring wind and rain that create a “__________” that brings a huge tide onto the beach, wiping out the sand, plants, and manmade structures in its path. In 1999, Hurricane _____________________ caused unprecedented flooding on the rivers of the Coastal Plain. The frequency of the storms coming to North Carolina increased dramatically in the __________ and ______________. Hurricane season starts in ___________________, peaks in September, and lasts until the end of ________________________. 5 NC HISTORY CH 1 STUDY GUIDE & VOCAB Social Studies 8 CALDWELL Name KEY Date __________________ Unscramble the words to identify these key terms from the chapter. Use the Word Bank to assist you… wetland region sound barrier islands inlet 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. fall line cove Gulf Stream savanna pocosin mill village headwaters tobacco towns bald estuary nogier—An area where the lay of the land and habits of the people are similar. REGION evoc—A valley where streams cut out land wide enough for farming. COVE dalb—A place in high elevations where few trees grow. BALD lilm aeglliv—Clusters of houses on the edge of a factory town. MILL VILLAGE sinocop—From an Indian word meaning “swamp on a hill.” POCOSIN telwand—An area where the soil is soaked or flooded with water. WETLAND alfl enil—The boundary between the Piedmont and Coastal Plain regions. FALL LINE telin—A shallow area that allows seawater to come in and out with the tides. INLET bactoco swont—The popularity of cigarettes in the 20th century caused these areas to grow. TOBACCO TOWNS turyeas—A muddy salt marsh that contains a variety of coastal animals. ESTUARY fulg treasm—The ocean current running by Cape Hatteras. GULF STREAM dheasrtewa—The springs where rivers begin. HEADWATERS unsod—An inland body of mixed salt and fresh water. SOUND rribaer lisdans—Long chain of sandy spits, which make up the 6 15. Outer Banks. BARRIER ISLANDS vasanan—Area of tall grasses and pines. SAVANNA Section 1—The Tidewater Region (Use the information from pgs 6-11 to complete the following statements) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. In the southern part of the coast, the Tidewater is no more than THIRTY miles wide. The land is influenced by the daily movement of the ocean’s TIDES. The most famous barrier islands along the coast are called the OUTER BANKS. Most barrier islands are less than TWO miles across. The ocean current running by Cape Hatteras is the GULF STREAM Cape Hatteras has been called the “ GRAVEYARD OF THE ATLANTIC ” because of the dangers just offshore. North Carolina has FIVE major sounds, which are mixed bodies of water that are just behind the barrier islands. The PAMLICO Sound is the deepest and largest in the state. Common wetlands in the state are estuaries and POCOSINS. Most of the NATURAL lakes in North Carolina are in the Tidewater. Lake Mattamuskeet is fifteen miles across at its longest, but averages only SIX feet in depth. Throughout the state’s history, the Tidewater has been one of the LEAST populated regions. Section 2 The Coastal Plain Region (Use the information from pgs 12-17 to complete the following statements) 1. 2. 3. The Coastal Plain takes up about a THIRD of the area of North Carolina. Two central characteristics of the Coastal Plain are its fl atness and its SOIL. The rivers of the Coastal Plain generally flow in a SOUTHEASTERLY direction. 7 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Coastal Plain residents have generally lived in rural crossroads and small TOBACCO towns. Before tobacco fields, the LONGLEAF PINE was the most common sight onthe Coastal Plain. Elongated depressions in the ground in the southern part of the Coastal Plain are called CAROLINA BAYS. These mysterious depressions provide some of the richest SOIL and best ANIMAL habitats in the state. The Coastal Plain has long attracted people of different ETHNIC BACKGROUNDS who came to take advantage of its dark soil and other resources. The most distinctive people of the Coastal Plain are the LUMBEE of Robeson County. This group from Robeson County and the surrounding area forms the largest population of NATIVE AMERICANS in the state. Section 3 The Piedmont Region (Use the information from pgs 18-27 to complete the following statements) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. The Piedmont region’s unforgettable feature is its RED CLAY. In Latin, Piedmont means “ FOOT OF THE MOUNTAINS .” The line dividing the Piedmont from the Coastal Plain is called the FALL LINE. One of the key reasons SECTIONALISM developed in the state was the lack of connection between the RIVERS of the Piedmont and Coastal Plain. Since the end of World War II, many Piedmont farmers have returned to DAIRYING . TEXTILES , tobacco, and FURNITURE were regarded as the three principal industries in the state for a large part of its history. All three industries went into a decline in the 1990’s because of FOREIGN competition. Banking and RACING have become big business in the Charlotte area. 8 9. 10. Since the 1960’s, RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK , located between Raleigh, Durham, and Chapel Hill, has been a leader in technology innovation. Because of their slopes and slate in the soil, the UWHARRIES were not as thickly settled as other Piedmont areas. Section 4 The Mountains Region(Use the information from pgs 28-36 to complete the following statements) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. The BLUE RIDGE forms the eastern boundary of the Appalachian Mountains, some of the oldest in the world. The Blue Ridge divides the PIEDMONT from the Mountains region. The Continental DIVIDE runs along the Blue Ridge. Until the building of RAILROADS in the late 1800s, travel over the Blue Ridge was expensive and laborious. Forty-three mountaintops in the state are more than 6000 feet above sea level. The highest elevation east of the Rocky Mountains is Mt. MITCHELL, at 6,684 feet. The GREAT SMOKY Mountains have one of the greatest variety of plants found anywhere in the world outside of the rain forest. The NEW River starts just west of the Blue Ridge and flows north out of the northwestern corner of the state. The tributaries of the TENNESSEE River, in particular the Little Tennessee and the Nantahala, form a river system that flows all the way to the MISSISSIPPI River. FONTANA Lake is one of the deepest lakes in America. The Mountains region was never as populated or DEVELOPED as the other regions of the state. In recent times, TOURISM has become the largest part of the Mountains economy. The most distinctive recent economic development has been the CHRISTMAS tree industry. 9 Section 5 North Carolina’s Weather and Climate (Use the information from pgs 37-41 to complete the following statements) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. North Carolina has a TEMPERATE climate, which means there are no extremes in temperature and precipitation. WESTERLIES bring warmer air in the winter and cooler air in the summer. In most places of the state, the HUMIDITY is often above 50 percent. The rate of PRECIPITATION (rain, snow, sleet, hail) varies considerably from place to place across the state. Most of the rain in the PIEDMONT comes from clouds that first have to cross the MOUNTAINS, where they drop most of their moisture. Anywhere in North Carolina can get snow, but the MOUNTAINS get the bulk of it. Some of the worst weather in the state occurs when the temperature is just around FREEZING, and the rain turns to ICE. The whole state experiences THUNDERSTORMS during the summer. Compared to the GREAT PLAINS states, North Carolina does not have frequent tornadoes. When tornadoes do occur, they tend to hit the SANDHILLS and certain counties in the southern half of the COASTAL PLAIN. Hurricanes bring wind and rain that create a “STORM SURGE” that brings a huge tide onto the beach, wiping out the sand, plants, and manmade structures in its path. In 1999, Hurricane FLOYD caused unprecedented flooding on the rivers of the Coastal Plain. The frequency of the storms coming to North Carolina increased dramatically in the 1980’S and 1990’S. Hurricane season starts in JUNE, peaks in September, and lasts until the end of NOVEMBER. 10