Download pacemaker - 123SeminarsOnly.com

NEED FOR CARDIAC PACEMAKER
 Rhythmic beating of heart originates from SA node
 If SA node doesn’t function properly results in
decreased heart rate & change in ECG waveform
PACEMAKER CONSIST OF 2 PARTS
 Electronic unit
 Lead
ELECTRODES
 UNIPOLAR
 BIPOLAR
TYPES OF PACEMAKER
 EXTERNAL PACEMAKER
 Used in cases of cardiac standstill
 Applied through metal electrode placed on surface of body
 It applies upto 80mA of pulses through 50sq.cm electrode on
chest
 DISADVANTAGE
 Requires maximum of 150V pulses
 Electrodes tend to burn skin
 Electric pulses become painful
 Each impulse causes uncomfortable contraction of thoracic
muscles around the area under electrodes
 INTERNAL PACEMAKER
 Stimulating pulses can be applied to a heart through a
catheter passing through a vein & connected to heart
ADVANTAGES
 Pacing current required is less
 Voltage o/p of internal PM is about 0-15V
POWER SOURCE
 Life of PM is determined by the current consumption
of electronic circuit and availability energy in the unit
 Hg batteries, biological batteries, nuclear batteries, li
cells.
 Lithium iodide battery most commonly used
 Life span:5-8 yrs
IMPLANTABLE PACEMAKER
 Electrodes are implanted beneath the skin
 o/p leads are connected directly to the heart muscle
 Pulse generator is powered by small batteries
PACEMAKER
 ASYNCHRONOUS
 Fixed rate
 Impulse produced at a set rate
 No relation to patients intrinsic cardiac activity
 SYNCHRONOUS
 Demand mode
 Sensing circuit searches for instrinsic depolarization
potential
 If absent, pacing response is generated
LEADS
 SUTURELESS
 POROUS
REFERENCES
 www.google.com
 Wikipedia
THANK YOU