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Minerals!!!! An introduction to the world of minerals Minerals • There are over 3,000 kinds of minerals, only about 30 are common, the rest are rare. Minerals-What are they? • Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. Minerals-What are they? • Minerals can be rare and beautiful. Minerals-What are they? • Minerals can be useful in objects and for our health. Minerals-Where are they found? • Minerals exist all over the world Minerals-Where are they found? • Minerals are formed as rocks or left behind after water has evaporated away. Mineral Characteristics • To be a mineral, the substance must have all of the five following characteristics: Characteristics of a Mineral 1. All minerals are made naturally by the Earth. Mineral Characteristics 2. Minerals are inorganic. They are not made by and do not contain living or once living things. Mineral Characteristics 3. Minerals are always a solid. YES!!! Mineral Characteristics 4. Minerals have an orderly arrangement of repeating atom patterns. (crystals) Mineral Characteristics • More Mineral shapes: Mineral Characteristics 5. Minerals have a definite chemical composition. (a specific recipe) For example, diamonds are always made of Carbon (C) only. Salt is always made of Sodium and Chloride (NaCl) Mineral Characteristics A summary: • • • • • Naturally formed Inorganic Solid Contains a repeating pattern of atoms Definite chemical composition Am I a mineral??? A Review Quiz 1. Am I a mineral? • A Glacier 2. Am I a mineral? • A Gold Nugget 3. Am I a mineral? • A Sea Shell 4. Am I a mineral? • A Quartz Crystal 5. Am I a mineral? • A Raindrop 6. Am I a mineral? • A diamond still embedded in a rock 7. Am I a mineral? • A Fossil 8. Am I a mineral? • A lump of coal 9. Am I a mineral? • Man-made diamonds 10. Am I a mineral? • Iron Pyrite (Fool’s Gold) 11. Am I a mineral? • A Snowflake 12. Am I a mineral? • An Ice Cube Answers 1. Am I a mineral? • A Glacier • Yes! 2. Am I a mineral? • A Gold Nugget • Yes! 3. Am I a mineral? • A Sea Shell • No-made by a living thing 4. Am I a mineral? • A Quartz Crystal • Yes! 5. Am I a mineral? • A Raindrop • No-not a solid 6. Am I a mineral? • A diamond still embedded in a rock • Yes! 7. Am I a mineral? • A Fossil • No-was once a living thing 8. Am I a mineral? • A lump of coal • No-was once a living thing (plants) 9. Am I a mineral? • Man-made diamonds • No-not naturally made 10. Am I a mineral? • Iron Pyrite (Fool’s Gold) Yes! 11. Am I a mineral? • A Snowflake • Yes! 12. Am I a mineral? • An Ice Cube • No-not naturally made The End Homework Corrections 5 characteristics shared by all minerals: • Naturally formed • Inorganic • Solid • Contains a repeating pattern of atoms • Definite chemical composition Salt • MINERAL! Cement • Non-Mineral • Man-Made Wood • Non-mineral • Not inorganic (from a plant) Copper • MINERAL Sugar • Non-mineral • From a plant (not inorganic) Oxygen • Non-mineral • Not a solid Silver • MINERAL! Snowflake • MINERAL! Seashell • Non-mineral • Made by an animal (not inorganic) Raindrops • Non-mineral • Not a solid Diamonds • MINERAL!