Download Networks - Mrs. Stephanie Blauer

STANDARD 3
NETWORKS &
THE INTERNET
Megan Rees
ERMS 12/13
Part 5
Computer
Technology
Part 5
Objectives 1 &
2
Megan Rees
ERMS 12/13
STANDARD 1 –
COMMUNICATION
NETWORKS
Computers as tools
Impact on society
Vocabulary
Part 5
COMPUTERS
 Computers are powerful tools used for
 Finding
 Sharing
 Storing
Information
 What are the risks to using a computer for these purposes?
 Finding
 Misinformation
 Plagiarism
 Reliance on others for information
 Sharing
 Copyright
 Identity protection
 Bullying
 Storing
 Information cannot be deleted—easy to trace
 Nothing online is sacred
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Part 5
SAFE, LEGAL, RESPONSIBLE
It is important to use the computer and the
internet in a way that is SAFE, LEGAL and
RESPONSIBLE.
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Check for copyright
Think before you post
Be careful what you put in writing
Know the law and the penalties
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INTERNET VOCABULARY
 Internet –
A vast computer network linking
smaller computer networks worldwide.
 World Wide Web
- an information
system on the Internet that allows documents to
be connected to other documents by hypertext
links, enabling the user to search for information
by moving from one document to another.
 Browsers - A p r o g r a m w i t h a g r a p h i c a l u s e r
interface for displaying HTML files, used to
navigate the World Wide Web
 Hyperlinks
- a link from a hypertext file or
document to another location or file, typically
activated by clicking on a highlighted word or
image on the screen.
 Homepage
- the introductory page of a
website, typically serving as a table of contents
for the site.
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INTERNET VOCABULARY
 Favorites –
record the address of (a
website or other data) to enable quick
access in the future
 Plugins –
optional software additions
that enhance and/or add functionality to a
web browser.
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P l ug i n s l e t y o u w a t c h m o v i e s o r a n i m a t i o n , h e a r
s o un d a n d m us i c , r e a d s p e c i a l A d o be do c um e n t s ,
play online games, do 3-D interactions.
 Tabs - I n t h e a r e a o f g r a p h i c a l u s e r
interfaces (GUI), a tabbed document
interface or a Tab is one that allows
multiple documents to be contained within
a single window, using tabs as a
navigational widget for switching between
sets of documents.
 Browser History
- A record of web
pages that you have visited in the past.
Most web browsers allow you to view and
manage your history from within the
browser itself.
 Downloads/Uploads – T r a n s f e r
of data to or from one computer system to
another.
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ERMS 12/13
Part 5
DOMAINS
A domain name is an identification string that
defines a realm of administrative autonomy,
authority, or control on the Internet
Domain
Type
.net
Network
.gov
Government
.edu
Education
.com
Company
.mil
Military
.org
organization
Megan Rees
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Megan Rees
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Part 5
STANDARD 2 –
THE INTERNET
Network types
Clients and servers
Fundamental principals
NETWORK
 Two or more
computers and
other devices
(printers or
scanners) that
are connected,
for the purpose
of sharing data
and programs
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NETWORK TERMS
 File Server
 A computer connected to a network that distributes
resources to other users
 Contains the software to manage and process files for
other network users
 Host Computer
 Refers to any computer the provides services to
network users
 Used more commonly with the Internet
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NETWORK TERMS (CONTINUED)
 Workstation
 Refers to a personal computer
connected to a network
 Example
 Each computer in the classroom
 Client
 Refers to the software on a computer
that allows the user to access the server
 Example
 Novell Netware
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NETWORK INTERFACE CARD (NIC)
 Small circuit board that
cover ts the digital signals from
a computer into signals that
can travel over a network
 Desktop Computers have the
NIC inside the case with a jack
on the outside for the network
cable
 Example
 Our classroom computers
 Notebook or Laptop Computers
have a special card that fits
into a slot or opening in the
case
 Example
 The top picture is a NIC from a
Desktop computer.
 The bottom picture is a card
from a laptop.
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NETWORK CONNECTIONS DEVICES
 Modem
 A device that sends and receives data to and from
computers over telephone lines.
 Hubs
 A device that connects several components of a
network
 Routers
 A device that connects at least two networks
 Gateway
 A device that serves as an entrance to another
network
 All of these can be used alone or combination
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LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN)
 Computer network that is located within a
limited geographical area, such as a school or
small business
 Example
 The ERMS Network
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WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN)
 Interconnected group of computers and peripherals
that cover a large geographical area, such as multiple
buildings
 Examples
 The Jordan School District Network
 The Internet
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IP ADDRESSES
 A unique identifying number assigned to each computer
connected to the internet
 Example – 204.127.102.001
 Each computer on a network should have its own separate IP Address
or conflicts will occur when there are duplicate addresses
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REVIEW
WAN
LAN
NIC
Server
Client 1
Hub
Router
Modem
Client 2
Gateway
Client 3
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Megan Rees
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STANDARD 3 –
DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP
Personal vs. Professional
Ethical behavior
Licensing
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENCES BET WEEN
PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL
COMMUNICATION?
 Confusing the dif ference between the two has caused the
downfall of many power people
 Your personal communications, if handled incorrectly, can
become public and destroy your professional life
 Use dif ferent email accounts for dif ferent purposes
 Always remember that anything digital can become public
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DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP VOCABULARY
 Spamming – Sending the same message indiscriminately to
large number of recipients
 Flaming – hostile and insulting interaction between internet
users
 Cyber-Bullying - the use of electronic communication to bully
a person, typically by sending messages of an intimidating or
threatening nature.
 Libel - a published false statement that is damaging to a
person's reputation; a written defamation.
 Slander - the action or crime of making a false spoken
statement damaging to a person's reputation.
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CENSORSHIP
 Censorship – The control or suppression of what can be
accessed, published, or vided on the internet. May be carried
out by governments, private organizations, or in individual
homes.
 Intellectual property - a work or invention that is the result of
creativity, such as a manuscript or a design, to which one has
rights and for which one may apply for a patent, copyright,
trademark, etc.
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COPYRIGHT
 Any software or data created with a computer is owned by its
creator and is automatically copyrighted as soon as it's in any
tangible form. "Tangible" means it's recorded somehow.
 So you can't copyright a thought, but if you write it down the
writing is automatically copyrighted without doing anything
else.
 No—you can’t sue for someone “stealing your idea”
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PIRACY
 Piracy is the use of works under copyright, infringing the
copyright holder's exclusive rights, such as the right to
reproduce, distribute, display or perform the copyrighted
work, or to make derivative works, without permission from
the copyright holder.
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Is it illegal to rip music from the library onto your computer?
Is it legal to rip a copy of music you purchased onto your computer?
Is it legal to make a second CD copy of music you purchased?
Is it legal to give that second copy to a friend for no charge?
Is it legal to sell that copy to a friend?
Is it legal to give a friend a copy of software you have uninstalled
from your own computer?
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ERMS 12/13
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PUBLIC DOMAIN LICENSE
 Public domain software is software that has been
placed in the public domain, in other words there is
absolutely no ownership such as copyright,
trademark, or patent.
 Snafu, XOS, SMUCL, BLAST, Phyz, etc.
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FREEWARE LICENSE
Freeware – Still owned and copyrighted, but
available for use at no cost
 May have some limitations attached such as
 Cannot be changed
 Cannot be redistributed
 Personal non-commercial use only
 Examples: Pegasus mail, Opera, Mpeg Steamclip
Not the same as “Free software” where the
source code is available to the user, who can
make changes, improve and re-distribute.
 Examples: Audacity, Evolve 4.0, VirtualBox,
Greenshot, Cdex, etc
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SHAREWARE LICENSE
 Shareware is proprietary software that is provided to
users without payment on a trial basis and is often
limited by any combination of functionality,
availability, or convenience.
 Functionality – Only some aspects of the program are available
for free
 Availability – Program only works for a limited amount of time
 Convenience – Nagging dialogue boxes that appear until you
purchase
 “Free Trial” or “trial version” indicates shareware.
 Restrictions apply; modification, sharing, studying,
redistribution, etc.
 Examples: Pocket tanks, Winzip, WinRAR, Dropbox
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ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
 Indicates that the copyright holder reserves, or
holds for their own use, all the rights provided
by copyright law, such as distribution,
performance, and creation of derivative works;
that is, they have not waived any such right.
You can install and operate the software on only
one PC at a time.
You can make only one back-up copy of the
software.
If you give the software to anyone, you also give
up permission to use the software.
You are not to modify the software in any way.
Examples: Microsoft Office, Photoshop—
pretty much everything!
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CREATIVE COMMONS
 Creative commons: A creative commons license allows the
creator to dictate how others may use their work. The creator
keeps the copyright but allows others to copy and distribute
their work provided they give credit and only on the conditions
the creator specifies.
 You can do filters when you search to ensure that you are not
breaking copyright law.
 In google, do an advanced search. Pull down the menu for
usage rights.
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No copyright, free to all
• Public Domain
Copyrighted but free
• Freeware
Copyrighted with use restrictions
• Shareware
Copyrighted, at a cost, all restrictions possible
• All Rights Reserved
Copyrighted, restrictions stipulated by creator. Free to share.
• Creative Commons
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ERMS 12/13
Part 5