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Year 10 Science Course 2 Term 1: CHEMICAL SCIENCES Chemistry - to be delivered in Term 1 (2nd February to 7th April: 10 teaching weeks) Text: Oxford Science 10 Year 10 Chemical Sciences Content Descriptions The atomic structure and properties of elements are used to organise them in the Periodic Table (ACSSU186) • recognising that elements in the same group of the periodic table have similar properties • describing the structure of atoms in terms of electron shells • explaining how the electronic structure of an atom determines its position in the periodic table and its properties • investigating the chemical activity of metals Different types of chemical reactions are used to produce a range of products and can occur at different rates (ACSSU187) • investigating how chemistry can be used to produce a range of useful substances such as fuels, metals and pharmaceuticals • predicting the products of different types of simple chemical reactions • using word or symbol equations to represent chemical reactions • investigating the effect of a range of factors, such as temperature and catalysts, on the rate of chemical reactions Wk Topic 1 (short week) Atomic Structure (ACSSU186) 2 Content Describe the structure of matter in terms of particles called atoms of protons, neutrons and e-‘s Electron shells and configuration and it’s relation to the periodic table Elements and atomic number Arrangement of the periodic table and periods and groups Activities Resources and Experiments Exploding tin experiment (ice breaker) Pages 66-73 of textbook (Chapters 3.1 and 3.2) Identifying patterns in the Periodic Handout a copy of the periodic table. Define atom and students draw a diagram Table (page 196) of an atom labelling nucleus, protons, electrons and neutrons. Electron shells and electron configuration Assessment and Homework OS Page 69, qus. 1 - 7 Draw the electron configuration for the first 20 elements on the periodic table Define elements Properties of elements p70 - 73 Proton number is equal to electron number Define atomic and mass number and calculate the number or protons, neutrons and electrons. Students must know the first 20 element symbols of the periodic table as well as: gold, silver, lead, copper, nickel, zinc, iron, mercury, uranium, tin Reaction of the Alkali Metals and Alkali Earth Metals with water, focussing and demonstrating lithium, sodium, magnesium and potassium. Follow up with ‘Brainiac’ YouTube clip, which also shows rubidium and caesium. OS: Qus. 1 - 5 p73 How the periodic table is arranged by atomic number Columns and rows of the periodic table being the group and periods Relating electron configuration to the periodic table Focus questions: Why is potassium more reactive than sodium in water and why is sodium more reactive than magnesium in water? OS: Qus. 1 - 6 p75 OS: Qus. 1 - 4 p77 Types of bondingMetallic, Ionic and covalent Pages 78-83 of textbook (Chapters 3.5, 3.6 & 3.7)) Explain the octet rule- All atoms want 8 electrons in the outer (valence) shell. This achieves a noble gas configuration. Formation of ions This can be done by losing or gaining or due to losing or sharing electrons. gaining electrons in order to satisfy A positive ion loses electrons the octet rule. 3 Bonding Writing chemical formula for Ionic compounds Writing chemical formula for covalent compounds Reactivity of metals prac. (page 195) Conductivity of ionic compounds prac. (page 197) OS: Qus. 1 – 5 p79, Qus. 1 - 5 p81 & Qus. 1 - 3 p83 A negative ion gains electrons Metallic bonding description and properties Ionic bonding description and properties Skills lab - Ionic Compounds (page 198) Formation of ions and bringing together of positive and negative ions to form compounds. Predicting the number of Hand out table of ions. covalent bonds in order to satisfy Formation of covalent bonds and the octet rule. molecules. Lots of practice at writing ionic chemical formulae Modelling Covalent Compounds (page 199) Unit Review Questions p86, qus. 1 - 15 Chapter 4.1, pages 90 - 91 Reactants products Word equations and chemical equations Go through states- (s), (l), (g) and (aq) 4 Chemical equations Word and chemical equations Balance simple chemical equations & 6 (short week) Classifying Chemical reactions Simple chemical reactions Practical uses of chemicals OS: Qus. 1 - 6 p91 Use websites to practise balancing chemical equations Worksheet – Balancing equations 5 (short week) Synthesis and decomposition reactions Expt. 4.1A (page 200) http://education.jlab.org/elementbalancing Expt. 4.1B (page 201) / http://www.sciencegeek.net/Chemistry/tat ers/EquationBalancing.htm (Chapters 4.1, 4.2 & 4.4) Experiments to investigate these reactions – include balanced chemical Acid-Base, Acid-Metal, and Acidequations for these reactions: Carbonate reactions, Precipitation reactions, Ionic compounds, oxidation and reduction reactions, metal displacement reactions, combustion reactions, metal extraction – Carbon reduction. Acid titrations, Expt. 4.2 (page 203) & Expt. 4.3 (page 204) OS: Qus. 1 – 4 p93 OS: Qus. 1 - 5 p95 7 Rates of chemical reactions 8 Rates of chemical reactions 9 Catch up & Revision 10 Topic Test The effect of a range of factors, such as temperature, concentration of reactants, surface area, agitation and catalysts, on the rate of chemical reactions As above! Fat and Skinny questions to ascertain knowledge and understanding of all concepts studied throughout this term Test taking tips Atomic Structure, Bonding, Equations, Reactions Read pages 100 – 103 (Chapter 4.6) Experiments- Effect of Temperature [Expt. 4.6A (page 207)] and The Effect of Agitation The effect of temperature, concentration, agitation, surface area and catalysts on rates of reactions. If time permits, Expt. 4.6B (page 208) and Expt. 4.7 (page 209) As above! Investigation and validation – the Effect of Concentration on the rate of chemical reactions OS: Qus. 1 - 4 p103 Test Revision Chapter Review p108 Term 1 Test - Chemistry Topic Test Assessment Outline Assessment Type Title Weighting Test Topic test. 10% Practical Investigation and Validation Rates of Reactions 5%