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Basic Immunology
- Soluble mediators: cytokines, chemokines,
interleukins, interferon's, growth factors
- Direct interaction: adhesion molecules
Where?
-  Haematopoiesis: adhesion between stroma cell –
differentiating leukocytes
-  Lymphocyte recirculation: adhesion between
endothel – circulating leukocytes
-  Immune response: T cell - APC/B cell interactions,
cytotoxic reactions
Lectin
domain
SCR
domains
„other”
accessory
molecules
cysteins
Ig-superfamily Selectins
members
CD2
CD4
CD8
B7
CD28
CTLA 4
ICAM
L selectin
E selectin
P selectin
Integrins
VLA
LFA
Mac1
Mucin-like
molecules
„vascular
addressins”
CD45
CD44
CD40, CD40L
CD19/CD21/CD81
CD22
T cell
Fig. 7-­‐9A Copyright
2011 byby
Saunders,
an imprint
Elsevier Inc.of Elsevie
Abbas, Lichtman, and Pillai. Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 7th edition. Copyright
©©2012
Saunders,
anof imprint
Fig. 7-­‐9B Copyright
2011 byby
Saunders,
an imprint
Elsevier Inc.of Elsevie
Abbas, Lichtman, and Pillai. Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 7th edition. Copyright
©©2012
Saunders,
anof imprint
CD2
„sheep red-blood cell receptor”
„T cell rosette”
Adhesion
Cell activation
T cell activation, CTL- and NK-mediated lysis
Binds CD58
Differentiation markers:
At different stages of
T cell maturation
CD4 and CD8 together
„double positive”
in thymus
At the periphery:
„single positive”
T helper: CD4
T cytotoxic: CD8
CD4 - HIV-receptor as well
CD4+ T cell
CD8+ T cell
55 kDa
35 kDa
Th, Mo,
Mf, DC
Tc
APC
T cell
CD45
Expressed on every leukocyte
“pan-leukocyte marker”
- Highly glycosylated,
- More isoforms (180, 190, 200, 205, 220 kDa)
- alternate splicing
Plays important role in cell activation and in
regulation of signal transduction
- tyrosine–phosphatase domain:
dephosphorylation
CD45
Fig. 3-­‐1 Copyright
2011 by
an imprint
Elsevier Inc.
Abbas, Lichtman, and Pillai. Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 7th edition. Copyright
© ©2012
bySaunders,
Saunders,
anofimprint
of Elsevier
Fig. 3-­‐3 Copyright
2011 by
an imprint
Elsevier Inc.
Abbas, Lichtman, and Pillai. Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 7th edition. Copyright
© ©2012
bySaunders,
Saunders,
anofimprint
of Elsevier
•  Lymphocyte Function-associated Antigen
•  IntraCellular Adhesion Molecule
CD44
Expressed on different cell types as activated
and memory T- and B-cells, phagocytes,
fibroblasts, neuronal cells, etc.
CD44 is a receptor for hyaluronic acid and can
also interact with other ligands, such is
osteopontin, collagens, and matrix
metalloproteinases.
More isoforms - alternate splicing
Important in „homing” of leukocytes
CD44
Fig. 3-­‐6 A Copyright
2011 by
an imprint
Elsevier Inc.
Abbas, Lichtman, and Pillai. Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 7th edition. Copyright
© ©2012
bySaunders,
Saunders,
anofimprint
of Elsevier
Fig. 10-­‐3 Copyright
2011 byby
Saunders,
an imprint
Elsevier Inc.of Elsevie
Abbas, Lichtman, and Pillai. Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 7th edition. Copyright
©©2012
Saunders,
anof imprint
Fig. 3-­‐6 A Copyright
2011 by
an imprint
Elsevier Inc.
Abbas, Lichtman, and Pillai. Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 7th edition. Copyright
© ©2012
bySaunders,
Saunders,
anofimprint
of Elsevier
Fig. 3-­‐6 B Copyright
2011 by
an imprint
Elsevier Inc.
Abbas, Lichtman, and Pillai. Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 7th edition. Copyright
© ©2012
bySaunders,
Saunders,
anofimprint
of Elsevier
• 
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CD3
CD4 and CD8
CD28
CD80/86 (B7.1 and B7.2)
CD152 (CTLA4)
CD25 (IL-2 Receptor)
CD45RA/RO
CD154 (CD40 Ligand)