Download aromatic compounds - ids

AROMATIC
COMPOUNDS
DEFINITION
 REFERS TO COMPOUNDS
THAT
CONTAIN
A
BENZENE RING OR RINGS
NOMENCLATURE
MONOSUBSTITUTED
RULE:
 Name the substituent and add
the word benzene.
Name:
ethylbenzene
butylbenzene
chlorobenzene
Monosubstituted (common name)
TOLUENE
PHENOL
ANILINE
disubstituted
1.There are three different
groups can be attached to a
PREFIX
Ortho (o)
Meta (m)
Para (p)
ways that two
benzene ring.
POSITION
1,2
1,3
1,4
1,2-dichlorobenzene
or
o-dichlorobenzene
1-chloro-3-ethylbenzene
or
m-chloroethylbenzene
1-fluoro-4-isopropylbenzene
or
p-fluoroisopropylbenzene
disubstituted
2. IF one of the substituents is part of a
common root, name the molecule as a
derivative of the monosubstituted benzene
one with the higher priority
is used as the root name for
the compound and the other
substituent is named as a
prefix
disubstituted
3. If two groups on the benzene ring are different,
alphabetize the name of the substituents preceding the
word BENZENE.
polysubstituted
1. NUMBER TO GIVE THE LOWEST POSSIBLE NUMBERS TO THE
SUBSTITUENTS.
2. ALPHABETIZE THE SUBSTITUENTS.
3. WHEN SUBSTITUENTS ARE PART OF COMMON ROOTS,
NAME THE MOLECULE AS A DERIVATIVE OF THAT
MONOSUBSTITUTED BENZENE. THE SUBSTITUENT THAT
COMPRISES THE COMMON ROOT IS LOCATED AT C1, BUT “1”
IS OMITTED FROM THE NAME.
AROMATIC COMPOUNDS
WITH MORE THAN 1 RING
SAMPLE PROBLEM
EXERCISES
AROMATIC DRUGS, SUNSCREEN &
CARCINOGENS
Sun Protection Factor
 SPF is a measure of how much solar energy (UV radiation) is required to produce
sunburn on protected skin (i.e., in the presence of sunscreen) relative to the amount
of solar energy required to produce sunburn on unprotected skin. As the SPF value
increases, sunburn protection increases.
 http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/CDER/ucm106351.htm
In general, a sunscreen with:
SPF 2 blocks 50 percent of UVB rays
SPF 4 blocks 75 percent of UVB rays
SPF 8 blocks 87 percent of UVB rays
SPF 15 blocks 93 percent of UVB rays
SPF 30 blocks 97 percent of UVB rays
SPF 50 blocks 98 percent of UVB rays
SPF 100 blocks 99 percent of UVB rays
UVA Protection Ratings
There is currently no easy way to know
how effective a sunscreen is against UVA
rays. New FDA sunscreen labeling, in
addition to possibly placing a cap of SPF
50+, would introduce a new UVA fourstar system so that parents could easily
figure out if a sunscreen offered low UVA
protection (one star) or the highest UVA
protection (four stars).
The new labels would also clearly state if
a sunscreen offered 'no UVA protection.'
REACTIONS OF AROMATIC
COMPOUNDS
 Like the alkenes, aromatic compounds
undergo a characteristics type of reaction.
 Aromatic compounds undergo substitution
reaction NOT addition reaction.
p
Why?
Substitution of H by X keeps the stable aromatic ring intact.
Benzene does not undergo addition reaction like other
unsaturated hydrocarbons because the product would not
contain a benzene ring
Three specific reactions of benzene
are considered:
1. CHLORINATION (- Cl )

2. NITRATION (- NO2)
3. SULFONATION (- SO3H)
SEATWORK