Download World War I - Tate County School District

Vocabulary
Isolationism
The doctrine that a nation
should stay out of the disputes
and affairs of other nations.
Vocabulary
Neutral
not helping or supporting
either side in a conflict,
disagreement, etc.; impartial.
Vocabulary
Alliance
a union or association formed for mutual
benefit, especially between countries or
organizations
3
Vocabulary
Militarism
the belief or desire of a
government or people that a
country should maintain a
strong military capability and be
prepared to use it aggressively
to defend or promote national
interests.
4
Vocabulary
Armistice
an agreement made by
opposing sides in a war
to stop fighting for a
certain time; a truce
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Schedule for Remainder of 9 Weeks:
November 30 – Start World War I
December 4 – Quiz on WWI notes
December 10 – WWI Test (Flexible)
December 11 – Vocab Notebook Due
December 14 – 18 - EXAMS
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US Eras
Gilded Age – (1870s-1900)
Progressive Era – (1890s-1920s)
Imperialism – (1890-1913)
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 MAIN Causes of WWI
1. Militarism – the aggressive buildup of a nations armed forces.
2. Alliances – nations formed
partnerships to help protect and
defend themselves.
3. Imperialism – stronger nations
began to take over weaker
nations.
4. Nationalism – everybody thought
their nation was the best.
The First World War:
What?
•War involving nearly all the nations of the
world
When?
•1914-1918
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The First World War:
Why?
Long term -
1. Alliance system
2. Imperialist
Competition
3. Stockpiling of
Weapons
Austria - Franz Ferdinand & daughter of Leopold Salvator. Upper right:
Cardinal Nagle
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Short term Assassination of
Franz Ferdinand of
the AustroHungarian Empire
Austria-Hungary Declares War on Serbia
Russia Declares War on Austria Hungary
Germany Declares War on Russia
Germany Declares War on France
England Declares War on Germany and Austria
Hungary
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The First World War:
Who?
Central Powers:
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Ottoman Empire
Bulgaria
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Allies:
Russia
France
Great Britain
Italy
Japan
United States
(1917)
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Why did it take so long for
America to get involved in the
war?
•America was isolationist
•“Why should I get involved in someone
else’s problems”
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Ask yourself:
•Is isolationism really an option for a
country as powerful as the United States?
Which side should the US pick?
Central Powers:
Allies:
•11 million GermanAmericans
•Irish-Americans
hated Great Britain
•Close cultural ties
•Shared
transatlantic cables
(so censored
stories)
•Big business
loaned much $ to
allies
US Exports to both sides:
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Nations
Britain
France
Germany
1914
1915
1916
$594,271,863 $911,794,954 $1,526,685,102
$159,818,924 $364,397,170 $628,851,988
$344,794,276 $28,863,354
$288,899
What did it take to get the US
involved?
1. Blockades
•Britain blockaded (stopped) all German ships
going to America
•Germany announced a submarine war around
Britain
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What did it take to get the US
involved?
1. Blockades
•In May, 1915 Germany told Americans to stay
off of British ships
•They could/would sink them
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What did it take to get the US
involved?
1. Blockades
•Lusitania torpedoed,
sinking with 1200
passengers and crew
(including 128
Americans)
•Was eventually found
to be carrying 4200
cases of ammunition
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What did it take to get the US
involved?
1. Blockades
•The US sharply criticized Germany for their
action
•Germany agreed not to sink passenger ships
without warning in the future
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What did it take to get the US
involved?
2. Unlimited Submarine Warfare
•1917 Germany announced “unlimited submarine
warfare” in the war zone
Why? Otherwise their blockade would not be
successful
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What did it take to get the US
involved?
3. Zimmerman Note
•US intercepted a note from Germany to
Mexico
•It promised Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona
back in return for an alliance
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What did it take to get the US
involved?
•Zimmerman Note and the sinking of 4
unarmed American ships led to a declaration
of war
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Examine the issue:
•Should we tell the story of WWI with
Germany as the “bad guy”? Explain.
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How was the war looking for the allies?
Not Good...
•Russia left the war after its communist
revolution in 1917
•Made it a one front war for Germany - all its
troops could concentrate on France
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Convincing the American People
Posters - Gee!!
•How do you think this
poster helped to
convince the American
people that the war
was a good idea?
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Convincing the American People
Idealism: 2 Goals For War:
1. War to End All Wars
2. Making the World Safe for Democracy
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What did the US do to help?
Supplies:
•US provided the food, money, and fresh
troops needed to win the war
•Selective Service Act - authorized the federal
government to raise a national army for the
American entry into World War I through the
compulsory enlistment of people.
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How did the War Affect the US?
Women
•Women filled factory jobs
•May have led 19th Amendment after the
war (Gave women the right to vote)
African Americans
•Black soldiers still served in Segregated
Units
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•“Great Migration” - thousands of African
Americans moved North to work in
factories
Convincing the American People
Idealism: Fourteen Points
What? President
Wilson’s Plan for
after the war
•Fourteen
promises, including
freedom of the
seas & a League of
Nations to work for
peace
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President Woodrow Wilson
14 Points Summary
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8. Restoration of French
Territory
1.
Open diplomacy
2.
Freedom of the Seas
3.
Removal of economic
barriers
4.
Adjustment of colonial
claims
5.
Conquered territories in
Russia
12. Limitations on Turkey
6.
Reduction of armaments
13. Establishment of an
independent Poland
7.
Preservation of Belgian
Sovereignty
9. Redrawing of Italian Fronts
10. Division of AustriaHungary
11. Redrawing of Balkan
boundaries
14. Creation of an Association
of Nations
Versailles Treaty – Treaty to end WWI
Main Terms of Versailles Treaty:
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1.
Surrender of ALL German colonies to be controlled by
the new League of Nations
2.
German lands used to create – Czechoslovakia and
Poland
3.
Demilitarization and a 15 year occupation of the
Rhineland
4.
German reparations of $32 billion
5.
An acceptance of Germany’s guilt in causing the war
6.
Limitation of Germany’s army to 100,000 men with no
tanks, no heavy artillery, no poison-gas supplies, no
aircraft, and no ships, no submarines
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How did the War Affect the US?
Enforcing Loyalty
•Hatred of all things German
•Ex. “Liberty Cabbage”
•Espionage Act 1917 & Sedition Act of
1918 - punished those against the war
(many labor leaders) -- The Espionage
and Sedition Acts made it a crime to
interfere with the operations of the
military to promote the success of its
enemies and prohibited many forms of
speech perceived as disloyal to the United
States of America.
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Schenck v. US
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-
Charles Schenck - Socialist
-
Handed out flyers – “involuntary servitude”
and “capitalist greed”
-
Individual Freedom v. National Security
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Red Scare - Fear of Communism and
Its spread
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