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The University of Hong Kong Department of Geography GEOG2117 Protected Areas and their Management Course Outline (September – December 2009) Contact Information Course Teacher: Dr. F. Y. Wong (王福義博士) Tel: 93166056 Email: [email protected] Teaching Assistant: To Be Announced Objectives: The course aims to provide an overall view on the classification, function, development, planning and management of protected areas. Special attention would be given to protected areas in the East Asia Region and Hong Kong. At the end of the course students would be able to make independent appraisal and assessment on the planning and management of different types of protected areas. Course Synopsis: The course will examine the development and implementation of protected areas in the world and the history of protected areas in Hong Kong. It would assess the value and benefit of protected areas for urban communities. Criteria for designation of protected areas would be examined. Emphasis would be made on the planning and management different types of protected areas in meeting diverse objectives. Students would be requested to apply what have been learnt in real case studies. Problems associated with protected areas such as development control, demand and rights of indigenous people, recreation or tourism pressure will be assessed and the compatibility of various activities in protected areas would be considered. The IUCN guidelines and good practice of protected area management would be applied in the local context. This course is suitable for those students who are interested in nature conservation with a view to take it up as a life career. Lecture Topics: 1 1. Introduction 1.1 Course content and requirements. 1.2 What are the protected areas? Concepts and development. 1.3 Values and Benefits of protected areas. 1.4 Brief history of protected areas. 1.5 Situation of protected areas in the world. 1.6 The need for management. 2 Governance of Protected Areas – A Case Study of Hong Kong 2.1 History and development 2.2 Stages of formation 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 3 Organization and structure Changing emphasis Management for different needs Lessons learnt Identification, designating and establishment of protected areas 3.1 How to identify areas for protection? Establishment of criteria 3.2 Habitat coverage and gaps 3.3 Scientific factors versus social/political considerations 3.4 Financial requirements and management capacity 3.5 Public involvement and consultation 3.6 Legal procedures and the formation of governance agent 4 Planning and management of Protected Areas 4.1 Preparation of management plan 4.2 Survey 4.3 Formation of thematic plans 4.4 Monitoring and Mitigation 4.5 Performance indicators 4.6 Implementation 5 Conservation Management 5.1 Managing natural resources 5.2 Establishing managing objectives 5.3 Change with species/habitats 5.4 Change with locations 5.5 Change with time 2 5.6 Change with people and resources 6 Management of Threats 6.1 Natural damages and disasters 6.2 Alien species 6.3 Fire 6.4 Litter, vandalism 6.5 Security 6.6 Climate change 7 Tourism and Recreation Management 7.1 Nature and type of recreational use 7.2 Pattern and demand for recreational use 7.3 Activities compatibility and conflict 7.4 Visitor and tourist control 7.5 Provision of facilities and information 7.6 Day to day management 8 Development control 8.1 Land use problem in protected area 8.2 The right of indigenous people 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 9 Development for better management Facilities for tourism or commercial purposes Public utilities and infrastructures Principles and guidelines of development control Marine Protected Areas and their management 9.1 Designation - the problem of boundary 9.2 Protection of marine animals, plants and coastal features 9.3 Patrolling and monitoring 9.4 Activity control and enhancement measures 9.5 Mitigation and monitoring 9.6 Cooperation with stake holders 10 Management Practices in selected countries/regions 10.1 IUCN Best Practices guidelines 10.2 East Asia Action Plans 10.3 Tai Wan 3 10.4 Japan 10.5 Korea 10.6 China 11 Building Capacity 11.1 Policy and legislation 11.2 Institutional structures 11.3 Expertise and training 11.4 Monitoring, research and adaptive management 11.5 Partnership 11.6 Networking, national, regional and international 12 Evaluating the effectiveness of Protected Area Management 12.1 Development of management effectiveness evaluation 12.2 Value of management effectiveness evaluation 12.3 Guidelines and methodology 12.4 Lessons learnt 12.5 Way forward 12.6 Course conclusion and discussion Note: The above topics cover the major content of the course, guest speakers will be invited to speak on specific topics where necessary. There might, however be changes in sequence of topics on to address certain comtemporary issues relating to protected areas locally or internationally. This course will stress on the practical aspects of protected areas management, field observations and experience would be beneficial to the studies and learning. Fieldwork Two field trips. One to a country park and the other to a marine park and or special area during the term. Dates would be decided later. Tentatively in one of the Saturdays in October and November. Assessment Examination (two hours) 50%; coursework 50% (consists of one project 30%; one essay and/or one exercise 20%). Each student would be required to present the outcome of his/her project 4 during the class and this will contribute towards part of the courseworks assessment. Learning Outcomes: Knowledge: History, classification and functions of protected areas. Designation criteria and planning principles of protected areas. Techniques and tools in the management of protected areas. Understanding of the condition of protected areas in Hong Kong. Skills: Analytical ability to integrate information from different sources. Field assessment and application of designation criteria. Writing an independent project based on data collected in the field on protected areas. Making independent appraisal on the planning and management of different types of protected areas. Recommend Reading List: 1. Jim C.Y. and Richard T. Corlett (eds.) (2006), Sustainable Management of Protected Areas for Future Generations, IUCN/WCPA, Cosmos Books Ltd. Hong Kong. 2. Trzyna. T. (ed.) (2005), The Urban Imperative – Urban Outreach Strategies for Protected Area Agencies, IUCN, California Institute of Public Affairs, Sacramento. (This book is available on the website: http://data.iucn.org/dbtw-wpd/edocs/PAPS-015.pdf ) 3. Graeme L. Worboys, Michael Lockwood, Terry De Lacy, (2005), Protected Area Management Principles and Practice, Oxford University Press. Useful Websites: 1. Parks Magazine http://www.iucn.org/about/union/commissions/wcpa/wcpa_puball/wcpa_parks mag/ 2. Best practice http://www.iucn.org/about/union/commissions/wcpa/wcpa_puball/wcpa_bpg/ 3. East Asia Action Plan http://data.iucn.org/dbtw-wpd/edocs/2008-033.pdf 5 4. The Urban Imperatives 5. 6. 7. 8. http://data.iucn.org/dbtw-wpd/edocs/PAPS-015.pdf IUCN documents http://www.iucn.org/resources/documents/ Mangement effectiveness http://www.iucn.org/about/union/commissions/wcpa/wcpa_puball/wcpa_pubsu bject/wvcpa_effectivenesspub/ Marine and habitate conservation http://www.iucn.org/about/union/commissions/wcpa/wcpa_resources/ World heritage http://www.iucn.org/about/union/commissions/wcpa/wcpa_puball/wcpa_pubsu bject/wcpa_wheritagepub/ Special Note: There will be no class on 17 Sept. (Thursday), this lesson will be compensated during the reading week in October. 6