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Chapter 7 7. Chemical Formulas and Chemical Compounds 7.1. Chemical Names and Formulas 7.1.1. Significance of a Chemical Formula 7.1.1.1. Subscripts are: ______________________________________________________________ 7.1.1.2. Parenthesis are: ____________________________________________________________ 7.1.2. Monatomic Ions 7.1.2.1. Monatomic Ions are: _________________________________________________________ 7.1.2.2. Naming Monatomic Ions are: ________________________________________________ 7.1.2.2.1. Cations use: ___________________________________________________________ 7.1.2.2.2. Anions use: ___________________________________________________________ 7.1.3. Binary Ionic Compounds 7.1.3.1. Binary Compounds are: ________________________________________________ 7.1.3.1.1. Write the ____________with the ____________first and including ______________ 7.1.3.1.2. Criss-cross the charges of one ion’s ____________ to be the other ion’s ___________ 7.1.3.1.3. Check to make sure _______________ are at their smallest whole number ratio 7.1.3.1.3.1. Divide both ___________________ by any common factors 7.1.3.1.3.2. Check by: __________________________________________________ 7.1.4. Naming Binary Ionic Compounds 7.1.4.1. Nomenclature is: ____________________________________________________________ 7.1.4.1.1. 1st name the: ____________________________________ 7.1.4.1.2. 2nd name the: _____________using the elemental root name with the ________ending 7.1.4.2. The Stock System of Nomenclature 7.1.4.2.1. 1st name the: ____________________________________________________ 7.1.4.2.2. 2nd show the _______________ using ________________________________ 7.1.4.2.3. 3rd name the: _____________using the elemental root name with the ________ending 7.1.4.3. Compounds Containing Polyatomic Ions 7.1.4.3.1. Oxyanions are: ________________________________________________ 7.1.5. Naming Binary Molecular Compounds 7.1.5.1. Prefix indicates the number of contributing elements 7.1.5.1.1. Prefixes:_____,______,_____,______,______,______,_____ ,______,_____ ,______ 7.1.5.1.2. The _____ or ______ at the end of the prefix is usually ___________ 7.1.5.2. ___________ Electronegative is placed ___________ 7.1.5.2.1. Order is:_____,______,_____,______,______,______,_____ ,______,_____ ,______ 7.1.5.3. The First Term is:___________________________________________ 7.1.5.3.1. The prefix of ________________is usually ________________ 7.1.5.4. The Second Term is:___________________________________________ 7.1.5.4.1. A suffix of “____________” is added 7.1.6. Covalent-Network Compounds 7.1.6.1. Naming is:_________________________________________________________________ 7.1.6.2. Subscripts indicate:_____________________________________________________ 7.1.7. Acids and Salts 7.1.7.1. Binary Acids are:____________________________________________________________ 7.1.7.2. Oxy-acids are:____________________________________________________________ 7.1.7.3. Salts are:____________________________________________________________ 7.2. Oxidation Numbers/Oxidation States 7.2.1. Oxidation Numbers are:__________________________________________________________ 7.2.1.1. Pure Elements have:________________________________________________________ 7.2.1.2. Binary molecules the _____________________________are placed ___________________ 7.2.1.2.1. The _________ Electronegative gets:_____________________________________ 7.2.1.2.2. The _________ Electronegative gets:_____________________________________ 7.2.1.3. Fluorine:_______________________________________________________ 7.2.1.4. Oxygen:_______________________________________________________ 7.2.1.5. Hydrogen:_______________________________________________________ 7.2.1.5.1. When _________ electronegative:_________________________________ 7.2.1.5.2. When _________ electronegative:_________________________________ 7.2.1.6. Neutral Compounds have:______________________________________________ 7.2.1.7. Polyatomic Ions have:______________________________________________ 7.2.1.8. Ionic Compounds have:______________________________________________ 7.2.2. Using Oxidation Numbers for formulas and Names 7.2.2.1. Oxidation numbers are:______________________________________________ 7.3. Using Chemical Formulas 7.3.1. Formula Masses 7.3.1.1. Formula Mass is: _____________________________________________________ 7.3.1.2. Molar Masses is: _____________________________________________________ 7.3.1.2.1. A compound’s molar mass is: ____________________________________________ 7.3.1.3. Molar Mass as a Conversion Factor is: ___________________________________________ 7.3.1.4. Percent Composition is: _____________________________________________________ 7.4. Determining Chemical Formulas 7.4.1. Empirical Formula is: _____________________________________________________ 7.4.1.1. Calculation of Empirical Formulas from percent composition 7.4.1.1.1. Calculate: _____________________________________________________ 7.4.1.1.2. Convert: _____________________________________________________ 7.4.1.1.3. Determine: _____________________________________________________ 7.4.2. Molecular Formula is: _____________________________________________________ 7.4.2.1. Calculation of Molecular Formulas 7.4.2.1.1. Solve for x, using: _____________________________________________________ 7.4.2.1.1.1. Determine: __________________________________________________ 7.4.2.1.1.2. Divide: __________________________________________________
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