Download The one process ongoing in the 1980s that will take millions of years

•
•
•
•
Local
Market
Win win
Integration of
science and
policy
• What are some of the forces leading to
path dependence?
High Exit Costs
Aqueducts
Policy Image
• Professionalization
Benefit and Risk Spreading
• While the California
State Water
Project's main
purpose is to store
and transport water,
many of its facilities
were designed with
recreation in mind.
Tent and RV
camping, boating,
fishing, swimming,
waterskiing,
horseback riding,
picnicking, hiking,
photography, and
many other activities
are available at
DWR facilities.
Gridlock
• “The one process ongoing in the 1980s that will take millions of
years to correct is the loss of genetic and species diversity by
the destruction of natural habitats. This is the folly that our
descendants are least likely to forgive us.” E.O. Wilson
Endangered Species Act
Balancing Business Interests and Endangered
Species Protection, By Andrew J. Hoffman,
Max H. Bazerman and Steven L. Yaffee
October 15, 1997
http://na.fs.fed.us/spfo/pubs/n_resource/buffer/pie2.gif
Clean Water Act, reauthorized
1987
• Solutions
– “The Clean Water Act should aggressively address
non-point source pollution from watersheds and also
point source pollution from sanitary sewer overflows,
combined sewer overflows, and storm sewer
discharges.”
– “Water quality should be protected at the source
through cooperative partnerships that utilize financial
incentives or other market based mechanisms.“
• American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
Clean Air Act 1990
Amendments
Superfund, reauthorized 986
• Endangered Species Act of 1973
– Passes Senate on voice vote
– House 355-4
– Reauthorized in 1978 and 1982 on voice
votes
• Federal Water Pollution Control Act of
1972
– Passes Senate 74-0, House 336-11
Federalist #51, Madison
• Ambition must be made to counteract ambition. If
men were angels, no govt would be necessary. If angels
were to govern men, neither external nor internal
controls on govt would be necessary
• In framing a govt which is to be administered by men
over men, the great difficulty lies in this: you must first
enable the govt to control the governed; and in the next
place oblige it to control itself.
Different Bases of Support
• House of Representatives= only directly elected
officials; every two years
• Senate= every six years; are selected by State
legislatures until 1913
• President= selected by electoral college; state
legislatures; no popular vote
• Judiciary= appointed by President, confirmed by
Senate. Life-time appointment
Checks and Balances
• President can nominate judges; propose, veto
laws, appeal to public
• Congress- approves budget, impeach president
and judges, determine number and jurisdiction
of courts, Senate confirms judges
• Courts- can declare executive actions and laws
unconstitutional.
2001
House Vote 477 - H.R.2454: On
Passage American Clean Energy
and Security Act
FROM: House Vote 477 - H.R.2454: On Passage American Clean Energy and
Security Act, New York Times, Feb 10, 2010
http://politics.nytimes.com/congress/votes/111/house/1/477
McCain’s LCV Lifetime Scores
• No room for moderates in GOP?
Pew Research Center; Independents Take Center Stage in Obama Era; http://peoplepress.org/report/?pageid=1524 ; May 21, 2009
A Widening Gap: Republican and Democratic Views on
Climate Change, Riley E. Dunlap and Aaron M. McCright
Decline of Liberalism
Progressive Values Dominant-- But Need to Rebuild Trust in Effectiveness of
Government Action, http://www.progressivestates.org/node/23897
• "Which do you think should be a higher
priority for the Obama administration
right now: taking major steps to
improve the U.S. economy, or taking
major steps to reduce global
warming?“
• Improve Economy 85%
• Reduce Global Warming 12%
• Unsure 3%
USA Today/Gallup Poll. Dec. 11-13, 2009
Center for Climate Strategies
& States’ Global Warming
Policy
International Conference on Climate
Change
March 2-4, 2008
GREAT NEWS!
• Heartland Institute has created an outside
management consulting nonprofit called
“Climate Skeptics Inc.” (CSI)
GREAT NEWS!
• Heartland Institute has created an outside
management consulting nonprofit called
“Climate Skeptics Inc.” (CSI)
• CSI has already been hired by several
governors to create their global warming policy
• CSI will manage several official “Governor’s
Study Commissions on Climate Change”
• CSI has raised millions of dollars already from
conservative foundations, big oil, and coal
And CSI will control:
• The commission processes, including voting
procedures
• The list of policy options under consideration
• All meetings of the commissions & subgroups
• Writing of all presentations, reports, meeting
minutes, and technical information
• The commission reports will inform future
legislation and the governors’ plans for global
warming policy via executive orders
Finally…
• Heartland’s James Taylor has been hired as
special cabinet-level adviser to a governor, but
is also funded by a conservative foundation
• James will write the governor’s official plan to
address global warming in his state
The Climate Change Lobby
Explosion
WILL THOUSANDS OF
LOBBYISTS
IMPERIL ACTION ON
GLOBAL WARMING?
By Marianne Lavelle |
February 24, 2009
• Ideological differences between parties
• Lack of public consensus
• Influence of organized interests
Contrasting Perspectives on
Origins of Gridlock?
• “No nation will be immune to the impacts
of climate change. However, the
distribution of impacts is likely to be
inherently unequal and tilted against many
of the world’s poorest regions, which have
the least economic, institutional, scientific
and technical capacity to cope and adapt.”
• World Bank, Turn Down the Heat
•
http://climatechange.worldbank.org/sites/default/files/Turn_Down_the_heat_Why_a_4_degree_centrigrade_warme
r_world_must_be_avoided.pdf
“Sea-level rise impacts are projected to be
asymmetrical even within regions and
countries. Of the impacts projected for 31
developing countries, only 10 cities account
for two-thirds of the total exposure to
extreme floods. Highly vulnerable cities are
to be found in Mozambique, Madagascar,
Mexico, Venezuela, India, Bangladesh,
Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam.”
XVI
The Inequality of Climate Change
By ANNIE LOWREY
http://economix.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/11/12/theinequality-of-climate-change/