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5 elements of Propaganda • Propaganda- The spreading of ideas or information deliberately to further one’s cause or damage an opposing cause. Similar to Advertising. • Hook- The hook is something that catches your eye or draws you in • Bridge- “ties” the hook to the idea or product. Usually hooks involve pointing, straight lines, or line of sight • Product- It really is whatever the advertiser or propagandist wants you to buy or believe. • Symbol- The symbol is something that represents the product and get you to remember the product. • Message- this is exactly what the propagandist or advertiser wants you to do. Buy this product Do this to, Don’t do this Name Calling • Name-calling links a person, or idea, to a negative symbol. • Use of this technique hopes that the audience will reject the person or the idea on the basis of the negative symbol, instead of evidence. • Use of statistics, often in a one-sided manner to bias your position • Omission of information that is crucial to drawing an informed and balanced conclusion • 95% of citizen surveyed support Mr Berg for city council • “Time after time, my opponent voted against legislation that would have supported new jobs” Card Stacking Glittering Generalities • The Glittering Generality is, in short, Name Calling in reverse. • The Glittering Generality device seeks to make us approve and accept without examining the evidence. Euphemisms • An attempt to pacify the audience in order to make an unpleasant reality more acceptable. • This is accomplished by using words that are bland and euphemistic. “MX-Missile” “Shell Shock” “The Peacekeeper” “Combat Fatigue” “Post Traumatic Stress Disorder” Fear • When a propagandist warns members of the audience that disaster will result if they do not follow a particular course of action. • There are four elements to a successful fear appeal: 1) a threat, 2) a specific recommendation about how the audience should behave, 3) audience perception that the recommendation will be effective in addressing the threat, and Propaganda Analysis • “Behind the Enemy powers: The Jew” • 1. What is the hook for the top poster? ___________________________ ___________________________ • 2. What are some of the symbols used in the top poster? ______________________________ ______________________________ • 3. What is the message that this German cartoon is trying to get across? ____________________ ___________________________ • 4. What message is this German Cartoon trying to get across? __________________________ __________________________ • (2nd Poster)… “The Jew: Inciter of War…Prolonger of War” • 5. What is the hook of this poster? ___________________ __________________________ • 6. What is the bridge in this poster? ___________________ __________________________ • 7. What is the product of this poster, or what do Nazi’s want you to believe? _____________ __________________________ __________________________ • (1st poster)… “Long live Germany” • 8. What is the hook of this poster? ______________________________ • 9. What is this poster trying to convince you of and how? ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ • (2nd Poster)… “Youth serves the Fuhrer: All 10 year old enlist into the Hitler Youth” • 10. What is the product of this poster? _______________________ ______________________________ • What is the bridge in this poster? ______________________________ ______________________________