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ORAL HYGIENE
By: Laci Page
What is Oral Hygiene?
• Oral Hygiene is the daily routine of cleaning the mouth.
• This helps prevent:
• Cavities
• Bad breath
• Periodontal disease
• Gingivitis
• Periodontitis
• A healthy mouth also reduce the risk of other systemic
diseases- such as heart disease.
Healthy Vs Unhealthy
How to achieve Oral Health
• Brush twice a day
• Floss teeth at least once a day
• Don’t forget to rinse with mouthwash
• It’s also important to visit your dental hygienist twice a
year for dental cleanings.
Tooth Brushing Techniques
• Bass
• Roll
• Stillman
• Charter
• Fones
The Bass Method: Sulcular Brushing
• Direct the filaments up for top arch and down for bottom
arch toward the gingival margin at a 45 degree angle
directing filaments into the gingival margin. Vibrate the
brush with very short strokes
• Affective for biofilm removal next to
and directly beneath the gingival
margin.
• For open embrasures
• Cervical areas
• Exposed toot surfaces
The Roll Method
• Direct filaments up for top arch and down for bottom arch.
Place the side of the brush on attached gingiva. When
plastic portion of the brush head is level with occlusal
plane, the brush is at the proper height.
• Press to flex the filaments, toll the
brush slowly over the teeth. As the brush
is rolled, turn the wrist slightly.
• Used for children with healthy gums if
a sulcular technique is difficult.
• General cleaning in conjunction
with vibrating techniques
(Bass, Charters, Stillman)
The Stillman Method
• Purposed for massage, stimulation and cleaning of
cervical areas
• Brush ends placed partly on gingiva and partly on cervical
areas directed slightly apical pressing slightly.
• Slight rotary motion.
The Charter Method
• Brush positioned at a 45 degree angle with the long axis of the
tooth. Tips toward the occlusal plane
• Force the tips into interproximal areas using as much pressure
as possible to get between
teeth and flex filaments. Vibrate
the brush gently. Press sides of
the filaments against the gingival
margin. Rolling stroke.
• Used to loosen debris and
biofilm from proximal areas
• Clean orthodontic appliances
• Remove biofilm from abutment
teeth, and fixed partial dentures.
Circular: Fones Method
• When teeth are closed, use a circular motion extends
from the maxillary gingiva to the mandibular gingiva while
maintaining light pressure.
• Easy to learn for young children
• Not for adult use- can harm the gingiva
Toothbrushing DON’Ts
• Horizontal Method: side to side sweeping motion. This
method does not reach interdental areas leaving biofilm
undisturbed on proximal surfaces. This can cause tooth
abrasion.
• Scrub-Brush Method: a vigorous combination of
horizontal, vertical and circular strokes with some
vibrations. This vigorous scrubbing can cause gingival
recession and tooth abrasion.
Flossing
• Floss once a day, everyday
• Promotes gingival heatlh
• Reduces interproximal bleeding
• Cleans interproximal areas of the teeth
• Use the C-shape method
Flossing
Traditional Flossing Alternatives
• Water jets
• Floss picks
• Air flossers
• Interproximal brushes
References
• Wilkins, Esther M. Clinical Practice of the Dental
Hygienist. 11th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer
Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2013. Print.
• All images were found on google images