Download Math Word Wall (James Napier)

absolute value
The distance of a number
from zero on a numberline
EX: absolute value of 3 and
-3 is the same (3)
acute angle
An angle measuring
less than 90 degrees
acute triangle
A triangle with no
interior angle measuring
90 degrees
or more
algebraic expression
A group of numbers,
symbols, and variables that
express an operation or a
series of operations
EX: 8 + X
angle
The figure that is formed
by two rays that start at the
same point; measured in degrees
area
The amount of space within a
given boundary of a twodimensional figure and measured
in square units
EX: using the length and width
measurements of a backyard, you could
figure the area in square feet
associative property
A property for addition and
multiplication that means you
can add or multiply numbers in
any order and get the same
result
EX: 1 + (2 + 3) = (1 + 2) + 3
and
(3 x 4) x 2 = 3 x (4 x 2)
bar graph
A graph in which horizontal or
vertical bars represent data by
their lengths
box-and-whiskers
Convenient way of graphically depicting the
five-number summary, which consists of
the smallest observation, lower quartile
(Q1),median, per quartile (Q3), and largest
observation; in addition, the boxplot
indicates which observations, if any, are
considered unusual, or outliers
circle
A closed curve with all of its
points in one plane and the same
distance from a fixed point (the
center)
circle graph
A graph in which a circle
and its interior are divided into
parts to represent data
proportionally
circumference
Distance around a
circle; its perimeter
cluster analysis
Used to discover structures in
data without providing an
explanation/interpretation;
cluster analysis simply
discovers structures in
data without explaining
why they exist
common factor
A number or variable that is a
factor of two or more numbers
EX: 1, 2, and 4 are the common
factors of 28 and 36
commutative property
A property for addition and
multiplication that means you
can add or multiply two numbers
in any order and get the same
result
EX: 50+25=25+50
and 3x4=4x3
composite number
A whole number with
more than two factors
EX: 8 is a composite number
because it has 4 factors
(1, 2, 4, 8)
cone
A 3-dimensional figure
with a circular base and a
vertex
EX: wizard hat,
ice cream cone
congruent
Having exactly the
same size and shape
convert
To change something from
one form to another
equivalent form
EX: 24 inches can be converted
to 2 feet
Ex:
¾
= 0.75 = 75%
coordinates
Set of numbers used to show the position
of a point on a line, graph, or map
EX: on a rectangular grid, one coordinate
indicates the horizontal position and the
other coordinate indicates the vertical
position
Coordinates
(5, 2)
cube
A 3-dimensional
figure with six square
faces
EX: a box, a die
cylinder
A 3-dimensional
figure with two
circular bases
EX: tube
data
Information or facts
usually
used for
analyzing
data display
An organized way to display data
EX: tables, charts, tally tables,
pictographs, bar
graphs, circle
graphs, line
plots, Venn
Diagrams
decimal
A number written using
base ten; anything less
than a whole number
appears after the
decimal point
EX: 4.5
diameter
The line segment through
the center of a circle
having endpoints on the
circle
Diameter
dilation
A proportional
shrinking or enlarging
of a figure
distributive property
The product of a number and the sum or
difference of two numbers is equal to the
sum or difference of the two products;
you can think of this as the number or
variable at the beginning getting
distributed to (multiplied by) each of the
numbers coming later
EX: 3 x (2+4) = (3 x 2) + (3 x 4)
And
3 x (4 - 2)=(3 x 4) - (3 x 2)
edge
The line segment where two
faces of a solid figure meet
EX: edge of a cube where
two square sides meet
equation
Number sentence with an
equal sign showing both
sides are equal
EX: 4+2 = 3+3
equilateral triangle
A triangle whose
sides are all the
same length
estimate
To find a number or quantity
close to the exact amount
EX: You could
estimate that
199+210 would
be around 400.
exponent
The number that tells
how many identical
factors there are
5
EX:8 = 8 x 8 x 8 x 8 x 8
face
Flat side of a solid
shape
EX: square side of a cube
factor
A number that divides
evenly into another
EX: The factors of 12 are
1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12.
fraction
A number that
compares parts to a
whole
EX: 3/4, 6/8, 1/6
function
A relation in which
every value of x has
a unique value
of y
histogram
A bar graph in which the labels
for the bars are numerical
intervals so the
bars touch each
other
hypotenuse
The longest side of a
right triangle;
always opposite
the right angle
identity property
Any number multiplied
by one equals that
number
EX: 4x1 = 4
and
17x1 = 17
inequality
A mathematical or number
sentence that compares two
unequal expressions using
symbols (<, >)
EX: 4+2 > 3+2
input
The number that is
substituted for the
variable in a
function or rule
machine
integer
The set of whole numbers and
their opposites; negative
numbers, positive numbers, and
zero, but no fractions or
decimals
inverse property
The inverse of an operation
undoes the operation
EX: division undoes multiplication
3x8 = 24
and
24 ÷8 = 3
irrational number
An irrational number cannot be
expressed as a fraction. In
decimal form, the part that
follows the decimal
point never repeats
in a pattern or
terminates.
irregular (nonregular)
polygon
A polygon whose sides are not
all the same length or whose
angles are not all congruent
isosceles triangle
A triangle
that has
two
congruent
sides
line
An infinite set of points
forming a straight path
extending in two
directions
line graph
A graph in which points are
connected by a line or line
segments to
represent data
that changes
over time
line plot
A diagram showing
frequency of data on a
number line
linear equation or
function
An equation or function
whose graph is in a
straight line
Ex: y = -2x + 1
mean
The average of a set of
numbers found by adding the
numbers and dividing them by
the number in the set
EX: The mean of
13, 7, 6, 4, 2, 2, 1 is 5.
(13+7+6+4+2+2+1 = 35;
35/7 = 5)
measure
To determine the size or
quantity of something
using tools like rulers or
scales
median
The middle value in a set of
data when the data is ordered
from the greatest to least or
least to greatest
EX: The median of 13,
7, 6, 4, 2, 2, 1
is 4
Median is the MIDDLE of the road.
mixed number
A fraction larger than
1 expressed as a whole
number and a fraction
EX: 11/4
=
2 3/4
mode
The value that occurs
most often in a set of
data
EX: The mode of
13, 7, 6, 4, 2, 2, 1
is 2
multiple
The product of a given
number and another
number
EX: 2x4 = 8, so 8 is a
multiple of 4, as are 12,
16, 20, 24, 28, 32, etc.
non-linear equation or
function
An equation or function
whose graph is
not in a
straight line
number line
A diagram that
represents numbers in
order as evenly spaced
points on a line
number sentence
An equation or inequality
indicating the relationship
between two
numerical
expressions
EX: 8+3 = 11; 8+3 < 15; 8+3 > 9
obtuse angle
An angle that measures
between 90 and 180
degrees
EX: Wider than the
corner of a square
obtuse triangle
A triangle whose largest
angle measures greater
than 90
degrees
operation
Calculating: adding,
subtracting,
multiplying, dividing
+, -, X, ÷
ordered pair
Set of two numbers (x, y), where the
first coordinate represents the
horizontal position,
and the second
coordinate represents
the vertical position
The ordered pair (5,4)
represents the location of the
baseball field.
outlier
A piece of numerical data
that is much smaller or
larger than the rest of
the data in a set
Ex: 78, 92, 100, 5, 88
5 is the OUTLIER
output
The number that is the
result of a
function or
rule machine
parallelogram
A quadrilateral with
two pairs of parallel
and congruent sides
percent
One part in a hundred; a
fraction with 100
understood as
the denominator
EX: 0.98 equals
98/100 or 98%
perimeter
The distance around the
outside or edge of an object
EX: the length of
the fence on all
sides of a yard
To find perimeter ADD
ALL SIDES
Perpendicular
Lines meeting at a 90
degree angle
EX: the edges of a piece of
paper run
perpendicular to
form a corner
pictographs
Pictorial representation of numerical data
or relationships, especially a graph, but
having each
value
represented by
a
proportional
amount
plane
A surface with infinite
length and width but no
thickness; a 2dimensional
figure
plot
To mark something such
as a graph or route on a
map using coordinates to
find points
along the way
A point is plotted at (5,2)
point
An exact location in
space with no length or
width
POINT
polygon
A closed figure with at
least 3 angles and 3
segments for sides
prime factorization
Finding the prime factors
of a number
EX: prime factorization of
12 is 2x2x3
6
3
2
2
prime
number
A number that has
exactly two factors,
itself and 1
EX: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11
prism
A 3-dimensional figure that
has two
congruent and
parallel faces
that are
polygons; the remaining faces
are parallelograms
probability
The chance of an
event occurring
Proportion
An equation with
both members
being fractions
EX: 3/5 = x/6
protractor
An instrument used
to measure an angle
pyramid
A 3-dimensional figure
with a polygon for a
base, a vertex,
and triangular
sides
EX: Egyptian monument
Pythagorean theorem
A theory that says the sum of
the squares of the lengths of
the two legs of a right triangle
is equal to the square of the
length of the hypotenuse
2 + 2
2
A B = C
(a*a) + (b*b) = (c*c)
quadrilateral
A closed figure
(polygon) with four
sides and four angles
radius
A straight line segment drawn
from the center of a circle to
any point on the
circle; half the
length of the
diameter
range
The difference between the
greatest number and least
number in a set
of data
EX: The range of 13,
7, 6, 4, 2, 2, 1
is 12 because (131=12)
rate
A quantity measured with
respect to another
quantity
EX: a rate of speed at 60
miles per hour; the cost per
unit of 5 stamps @ $ .39
cents each
ratio
A comparison of two
numbers using division
EX: the ratio of
girls to boys is 2:3
if there
are 2 girls for every
3 boys
rational number
A number that can be
expressed as a fraction
ray
A part of a line that has
one end point and extends
indefinitely in one
direction
rectangle
A four-sided polygon
with 4 right angles
rectangular array
A number of items arranged
in rows and columns to form
a rectangle; can be used to
understand area
Ex: 12
reflection (flip)
Flipping a 2-dimensional
shape to create a mirror
image on the
other side of
the line
regular polygon
A polygon with all sides the
same length and all angles the
same measure
rhombus
A parallelogram with all
four sides equal in
length
right angle
An angle measuring
exactly 90 degrees
rotation (turn)
Turning a 2-dimensional
shape a given direction
and a given angle
scalene triangle
A triangle that has no
congruent
sides
scatter plots
A graph with one point for each item being
measured; the coordinates of a point
represent the measures of two attributes
of each item
EX.
segment
Part of a line between
two points on that line,
including the end points
side
A line segment connected to
other segments to form a
closed figure
Side
similar figures
Figures that have the same shape but
not necessarily the same size;
corresponding sides of similar figures are
proportional in length and corresponding
angles are congruent
simplify
Combine like terms and
apply properties to an
expression; or reduce a
fraction
Ex. 12/16 simplifies to
3/4
simulation
A model of an
experiment that
might otherwise
be impractical to
carry out
sphere
A 3-dimensional figure that is
round; a set of points in
space, all the same distance
from one point
(the center)
EX: baseball
square
A parallelogram with
four congruent
sides and four
right angles
square root
A quantity that when
squared gives the original
quantity
EX: If asked for the square roots of
25, you would answer 5 and -5
because 5 x 5 = 25 and (-5) x (-5) =
25.
stem-and-leaf plots
A stem-and-leaf plot is a display that organizes data
to show its shape and distribution; in a stem-and-leaf
plot each data value is split into a "stem" and a "leaf".
The "leaf" is usually the last digit of the number and
the other digits to the left of
the "leaf" form the "stem".
EX: The number 123 would be
split as 12--stem and 3--leaf.
tabulate
To arrange data in a
table format
making it
easy to
analyze and summarize
theoretical probablity
Finding the probability of an
event without doing an
experiment or analyzing data
EX: theoretical probability = number of
favorable outcomes/number
of equally likely possible
outcomes
translation (slide)
Sliding a 2-dimensional
shape a given distance and
given direction
trapezoid
A quadrilateral with
exactly one
pair of
parallel
sides
variable
A symbol that stands for
an unknown
number
EX: "x" x+2=4
Venn diagrams
A diagram
using
overlapping
circles to
compare and
contrast data
vertex/vertices
The point at which two
line segments or
rays meet to
form an angle
EX: a corner
volume
The amount of
space contained
within a threedimensional
shape such as a
box or fish tank
x-axis
The horizontal axis on a
rectangular
coordinate
grid
x-axis
y-axis
The vertical
axis on a
rectangular
coordinate
grid
y-axis
zero property
In addition, adding zero leaves
the number unchanged
EX: 8+0=8;
In multiplication any
number multiplied by
zero is zero
EX: 8x0=0