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ARCH5832 Materials and Construction in Architectural Conservation 2014-15 2nd Semester Instructors: Professor Andrea Hamilton, Strathclyde University / Professor Zhou Shuanglin, Peking University DESCRIPTION Every building tradition has its unique construction system employing primarily local materials and craft technique. This course will introduce to the students the different materials and constructional techniques used in buildings in Hong Kong, China and Japan, and conservation know-how in dealing with these materials and constructions. It is also the intention to cover the building practices and new materials introduced in early 20 th century in the region. OBJECTIVES To understand the properties and usage of different materials in regional architecture, traditional and the 20th century. To understand the constructional system and practices in regional architecture. To be aware of the issues involved in the conservation of the materials and construction of regional architecture. To be able to assess the need of conservation and devise strategy and method for conserving regional buildings. ASSESSMENT SCHEME Attendance and class discussions Fieldtrip exercises Final essay 10% 30% 60% COURSE FORMAT The course will deal with two main subject matters: Materials and Construction. Materials used in regional architecture will be examined: wood, stone, brick, ceramic, metal, etc. The lectures will cover different building materials used in traditional architecture and early 20th century buildings and their properties. Common issues faced during the conservation of these materials will also be introduced together with the methods for conservation. The second aspect of the course is to introduce the construction system in regional architectural traditions which is based primarily on the building materials used. We will examine the timber structure, roof, wall and other elements in a building and the interface between different materials of the building elements. In both subject matters, the main format of the classes would be lecture, supplemented by field visits. REFERENCE BOOK As below. SCHEDULE 1. Introduction Weaver, Martin E. Conserving buildings: guide to techniques and materials. New York: Preservation Press: Wiley, c1997. [ARL - NA105 .W43 1997] Williams, Andrew R. A practical guide to alterations and extensions. London: E & FN Spon, 1995. [ARL TH3401 .W54 1995] C:\ Users\ christinelo\ Desktop \ ACD\ Course outline\ Course Outline ARCH 5832-2014-15.d oc 7/ 31/ 2014 Wenhua bu wenwu baohu keyansuo 文化部文物保護科硏所. Zhongguo gujia zhu xiushan jishu 中囯古建 築修繕技術 [Techniques for the Repair of Ancient Chinese Architecture]. Beijing: Zhongguo jianzhu gongye chubanshe, 1983. [ARL NA1543 .C546] Qi Yingtao 祁英涛. Zhongguo gudai jianzhu de baohu yu weixiu 中囯古代建築的保護與維修 [The Protection and Renovation of Ancient Chinese Architecture]. Beijing: Wenwu chubanshe, 1986. [ARL NA1543 .C38] 2. The Conservation and Repair of Brick and lime Bricks have been used in variety of buildings in South East Asia and constructions of China, as well as buildings in twentieth century. What are the features of different kinds of bricks, construction and conservation techniques? Also, bricks works are usually used with lime for mortar, render, plaster and limewash. This lecture will also introduce the lime cycle and lime mixing. Warren, John. Conservation of brick. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999. [ARL - NA4120 .W37 1999] N.S. Baer, S. Fitz, and R.A. Livingston ed. Conservation of historic brick structures: case studies and reports of research. Shaftesbury: Donhead, 1998. [ARL - TH3311 .C66 1998] Lynch, Gerard C. J. Brickwork: history, technology and practice. London: Donhead, 1994. [ARL TA432 .L96 1994 vol.1 and vol.2 ] Ashurst, John. Practical building conservation: English heritage technical handbook: Brick v. 2. Aldershot, Hants, England: Gower Technical Press, 1988. [ARL TH3351.A84 1988 v.2] Holmes, Stafford. Building with lime: a practical introduction. London: Intermediate Technology, 1997. [UL - TA434 .H65 1997] Ashurst, John. Practical building conservation: English heritage technical handbook: Mortars, Plasters and Renders v. 3. Aldershot, Hants, England: Gower Technical Press, 1988. [ARL TH3351.A84 1988 v.3] 3. The Conservation and Repair of Stone Stones have been applied as structural and decorative materials for buildings. However, stone weathers and decays for a number of reasons. This lecture will discuss why and how stone decays and what are the appropriate repair or conservation techniques. Ashurst, John, Dimes, G. Francis ed. Conservation of building and decorative stone. Oxford; Woburn, Mass.: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1998. [ARL - TH1201 .C66 1998] Davis, S. G. Building stones and rock materials used in Hong Kong. 1965. [UL - TN954.H6D3] Ashurst, John. Practical building conservation: English heritage technical handbook: Stone Masonry v. 1. Aldershot, Hants, England: Gower Technical Press, 1988. [ARL TH3351.A84 1988 v.1] 4. Conservation and Repair of Structural Timber in Historic Buildings Wood is widely used in historical buildings, especially in East Asia region. This lecture will focus on the characteristics, construction method and current repair techniques of different types of structural timber of historical buildings. The history and problem of timber framed buildings of different region will also be introduced. Charles, F.W.B. (Frederick William Bolton) The conservation of timber buildings. London: Hutchinson, 1984. Larsen, Knut Einar. Conservation of historic timber structures: an ecological approach. Oxford, [England]; Boston : Butterworth Heinemann, 2000. [ARL - NA105 .L37 2000] Ridout, Brian. Timber decay in buildings: the conservation approach to treatment. New York: E & FN Spon, 2000. [ARL - TA422 .R54 2000] Coggins, C. R. Decay of timber in buildings: dry rot, wet rot and other fungi. East Grinstead, W. Sussex: Rentokil,, 1980. [ARL - TA422.C63] Ashurst, John. Practical building conservation: English heritage technical handbook: wood v. 5. Aldershot, Hants, England: Gower Technical Press, 1988. [ARL TH3351.A84 1988 v.5] 5. Conservation of Non Structural and Decorative Timber in Historic Buildings For Chinese buildings, wood carving is commonly used as decoration on doors, windows, shrines and even on structural timbers. For twentieth century buildings, wood is also used as windows, joists, floors or doors. This lecture will focus on the replace, repair and conservation techniques of decorative timber. 6. The Conservation and Repair of Ceramic Building Materials Ceramic buildings materials are used as tiles and decorations on roof ridge etc. This lecture will discuss how they are made, how they decay, how to repair, replace of and conserve them. Buys, Susan; Oakley, Victoria. The conservation and restoration of ceramics. Oxford [England]; Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1993. [NA - NK4233.B89 1993] Li Jinming 李金明, Zhou Jianzhong 周建忠. Gu jianzhu wagong 古建築瓦工 [Ceramic and Clay tiles in Ancient Architecture] Beijing: Zhongguo jianzhu gongye chubanshe, 2004. 7. The Conservation of Twentieth Century Buildings In the 20th century, buildings were built with imported materials, facilities and construction methods. Besides using metals as irons and steels, reinforced concrete was the most widely adapted material. For the conservation of twentieth century building, we have to know why it is important, how its components might be decaying and what to do about it. The variety of twentieth century buildings and the materials will be introduced. Concrete repairs will be covered in detail. Stratton, Michael ed. Structure and style: conserving twentieth century buildings. London: E & FN Spon, 1997. [ARL - NA109.G7 S78 1997] Jester, Thomas C. Twentieth-century building materials: history and conservation. New York: McGrawHill, c1995. [ARL - TA403.6 .T87 1995] Lai Delin 賴德霖. Zhongguo jindai jianzhu shi yanjiu 中國近代建築史研究 [Research in the History of Contemporary Chinese Architecture]. Beijing: Qinghua daxue chubanshe, 2007. [ARL - NA1545 .L34 2007] 8. The Conservation of Historic Interiors How to identify and understand the significance of historic interior? Once you have understood the interior how do you install services- electricity, security and fire detection systems etc? This lecture will discuss methods to identify the agents of deterioration, as well as introduce method of dating of interiors through studies of textiles, and fixtures and fittings. Fawcett, Jane ed. Historic floors: their history and conservation. Oxford, UK; Boston, Mass.: ButterworthHeinemann, 1998. [ARL - NA2970 .H57 1998] Tutton, Michael; Hirst, Elizabeth; Pearce, Jill ed. Windows: history, repair, and conservation. Shaftesbury: Donhead Pub., 2007. [ARL - NA3020 .W56 2007] Ashurst, John. Practical building conservation: English heritage technical handbook: Metals v. 4. Aldershot, Hants, England: Gower Technical Press, 1988. [ARL TH3351.A84 1988 v.4] 9. Recording Historic Buildings Measured drawing helps us to understand all the elements and the construction method of a historic building. It also helps to trace how the building has been altered over time. This lecture will discuss recording method, either for historical purposes or for commissioning work. John A. Burns and the staff of the Historic American Buildings Survey, Historic American Engineering Record, and Historic American Landscapes Survey, National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior ed. Recording historic structures. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, c2004. [ARL - E159 .R425 2004] Wang qiheng 王其亨, Wu Cong 吳葱, Bai Chengjun 白成軍 ed. Gu Jianzhu Cehui 古建築測繪 [Measured Drawing of Ancient Architecture]. Beijing: Zhongguo jianzhu gongye chubanshe, 2004. Lin Yuan 林源. Gu jianzhu cehuixue 古建築測繪學 [Measured Drawings of Ancient Architecture]. Beijing: Zhongguo jianzhu gongye chubanshe, 2003. [ARL - NA2712 .L55 2003] Dunbar D. Measure for measure: a practical guide for recording buildings and landscapes. Red Hill, ACT: National Education Division, The Royal Australian Institute of Architects, c1990. [ARL - NA2712.M32 1990] 10. Conclusion FIELD TRIP (please check the boxes) [X] Yes [X] Local; [] Overseas Date(s): [ Destination(s): Hong Kong ] No SAME COURSE OFFERED BEFORE (student has taken the same course is not allowed to retake) (please check the boxes) [X] Yes Offer year [2013-14] Term 2nd] Course code [ARCH5832] [ ] No IMPORTANT NOTE TO STUDENT: Attention is drawn to University policy and regulations on honesty in academic work, and to the disciplinary guidelines and procedures applicable to breaches of such policy and regulations. Details may be found at http://www.cuhk.edu.hk/policy/academichonesty/ . With each assignment, students will be required to submit a statement that they are aware of these policies, regulations, guidelines and procedures.