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Religion: Key Issue 3
Why Do Religions Organize Space in Distinctive Patterns?
Rubenstein, pp. 200 -211
1. In what two ways do religious structures often stand out in a landscape?
● PLACES OF WORSHIP
2. For what two reasons does a church, the physical structure, play a more critical role than in other
religions?
3. How is a Muslim mosque viewed differently than a Christian church?
4. Identify 3 specific, visible, features of a typical mosque.
i.
ii.
iii.
5. How are Hindu temples different than both churches and mosques?
6. List 3 typical, visible features of a Hindu temple.
i.
ii.
iii.
7. What is the religious purpose of a Buddhist pagoda?
8. Formal worship in a pagoda is not typical. Where does is usually take
place?
● HOLY PLACES
9. What is a pilgrimage?
10. Read the section (pp. 202-204) and make notes on three case studies; Buddhism, Islam, and
Hinduism.
BUDDHIST HOLY SITES
ISLAMIC HOLY SITES
HINDU HOLY SITES
11. What is a cosmogony?
12. What is the Solstice?
● SACRED SPACE
13a. Christians practice burial of the dead. Complete the flowchart below to indicate the history of
this practice.
13b. Make two notes about the use of cemetery land in urban areas
i.
ii.
14. Complete the table below with brief notes on the religious settlements indicated.
Utopian settlements
Salt Lake City, Utah
Puritans
● THE CALENDAR
15. What is the most prominent feature of the calendar in ETHNIC religions?
16. What is the purpose of the calendar in UNIVERSALIZING religions?
17. Why is the Jewish calendar an ethnic calendar instead of a universalizing one?
18. Both the Jewish and the Muslims use a lunar calendar, yet in a different way and with very different
results. Explain.
19. How is the date of Easter related to the physical geography (the natural world) through the
calendar?
20. Why do different Christian branches celebrate Easter on different days?
21. How is this similar to Buddhism’s major holidays?
● ADMINISTRATION OF SPACE
14a. Define hierarchical religion (and give 2 examples.)
14b. List the Roman Catholic hierarchy,
indicating geographic region and leader who
heads it.
Region
Leader
14c. Why are parishes in Latin America so much
larger than those in Europe?
15a. Describe an autonomous religion:
15b. In the absence of a hierarchy, what is the only formal organization of territory in Islam?
15c. What holds Islam together?
16. Complete the table below to categorize other religions and denominations.
Autonomous religions
Hierarchical religions
Religion: Key Issue 4
Why Do Territorial Conflicts Arise Among Religious Groups?
Rubenstein, pp. 212 - 221
1. Define fundamentalism: (p. 212)
2. Fundamentalism is increasing in the world today and its growth contributes to conflicts.
Why is it increasing?
● RELIGION VERSUS GOVERNMENT POLICIES
3. In what ways did the Taliban government of Afghanistan raise conflicts with
Western/modern ideas after it took control of the country in 1996?
4a. What aspect of Hinduism has clashed with Western/modern ideas?
4b. What western groups criticized this aspect? Why?
4c. How has the Indian government responded to this issue?
5. What happened, and is continuing to happen, in each of the following regions of the Russian
Empire/Soviet Union since the fall of communism in the 1990s? Complete the table below by
adding at least TWO more countries to each category and then describing what is going on at
the present time in that region.
Historic Catholic Regions
Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary,
Lithuania
Historic Muslim Regions
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan
Currently…
Currently…
7. How were and are each of the following detrimental to Buddhism in Southeast Asia?
a) Vietnam War:
b) Communist regimes:
● RELIGION VERSUS RELIGION
8. Describe in detail the conflicts occurring in the following locations.
Minimum of five pieces of historical information for each side.
Ireland
Middle East
Groups Involved
Groups / Countries Involved