Download 19.2 China Limits European Contacts

Journal 19.2
• Define the following terms using complete
sentences:
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Ming Dynasty
Hongwu
Yonglo
Zheng He
Manchus
Kangxi
19.2 China Limits European
Contacts
Objectives
o Identify the successes of the early Ming
Emperors
o Describe China and Korea under the Qing
dynasty
o Describe life in Ming and Qing China
Setting the Stage
• Chinese had driven the Mongols out and set
up their new dynasty when the Europeans
arrived….
China Under the Powerful Ming
Dynasty
Ming Dynasty
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• Korea and other SE Asian countries paid
tribute to China
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• They weren’t going to let them disrupt the
peace and prosperity they established
The Rise of the Ming
Hongwu
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• Commanded the rebel army that evicted the Mongols
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• Encouraged a return to Confucianism
– Merit-based civil service system
• Became a ruthless tyrant who killed many govt
officials
The Rise of the Ming cont.
Yonglo
• Took over after his father
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• Moved royal court to Beijing
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The Voyages of Zheng He
Zheng He
• Chinese Muslim admiral
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• Very large expeditions
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• Result:
• Many scholars thought it was a waste of money
• After the 7th Voyage, China withdrew into
Isolation
Ming Relations with Foreign
Countries
Their trade reflected their isolationism
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• Only the government could trade with the outside
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• Demand for Chinese products was up but China
did not industrialize for two reasons:
– Against Confucian beliefs
– Economy favored agriculture over industrialization
Ming Relations cont….
• Christian missionaries came with the
Europeans
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Manchus found the Qing Dynasty
• Internal and external problems caused the
Ming to fall
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• Manchus took Beijing
• Qing Dynasty is est.
– Took over
China Under the Qing
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Many
Earned the people’s respect
Kept Confucian beliefs and social structure
Made
Restored China’s prosperity
China under the ….
Kangxi
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• Reduced govt. expenses
• Opened to Jesuits at court
• Expaned knowledge in med, astron, etc.
China under….
Qian-long (1736-1795)
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• Woke up early to work on the countries
problems
– Armed nomads
– Expanding presence of European missionaries
and merchants
Manchus Continue Chinese Isolation
Country is called the Middle Kingdom
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• If you want to trade with China you have to
follow China’s rules
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• The Dutch accepted these terms
– They even performed the “kowtow”
Manchus cont….
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• British requested better terms and to accept
British goods on the Chinese market
– Qian-long refused
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• Europeans began to destroy the Chinese trade
system
Korea Under the Manchus
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• They were a vassal state
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• Adopted China’s policy on technology,
culture, and isolation
• Between the est. of the Qing and Japanese
attacks, Korea became nationalistic
Life in Ming and Qing China
• 1600s and 1700’s China was prosperous
Families and the Role of Women
• Irrigation
• Grew
• Food production increase nutrition and family size
• Preferred sons over daughters
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Families and the Role of Women
cont..
Women
• Worked in fields
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• Managed family finances
• Worked as midwives, textile workers, etc.
Cultural Developments
Based on Traditional Forms
• Dream of the Red Chamber
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• Art
– Valued technique over creativity
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