Download Understanding How Networks Communicate

COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY WITHIN AN
ORGANIZATION
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What is a Computer?
Computers are machines that carry out instructions given by
a human
Types of Computer
Desktop
Laptop
Tablet
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Other Computers
Mainframe
Games console
Server
Embedded
Computer
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Parts of a computer
INPUT
STORAGE
PROCESS
OUTPUT
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Two main parts to a computer:
HARDWARE
SOFTWARE
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Four main types of device in a computer
Input device
Output device
Central Processing Unit
Storage
device
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SOFTWARE
List of
instructions
called
program. It
tells the
computer
WHAT TO
DO.
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Topic:
Understanding
How Networks
Communicate
You will learn (Objective/Goal):
• Basic networked
communications and services
• Components essential to a
network
• Determine limitations of area
networks
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Communication in America
1773 –
Origination
of postal
services
Today’s prominent
communication
1973-first cell phone created
1984-cell phones made available to the
public
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Network Process
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Networking Terms
Web Search Activity
•
•
•
Using pen/pencil match the following terms. Use www.acronymfinder.com and search its
meaning. Write your answer by the Term on the left column.
Include your header (FULL NAME, BIM I CLASS PERIOD, DATE) at the top right corner.
Turn in to your class FOLDER.
______CPU
1. file transfer protocol
______ FTP
2. network interface card
______IPX/SPX
3. transmission control
protocol internet provider
______NetBEUI
4. wide area network
______NIC
5. Storage area network
______NOS
6. internetwork packet
exchange sequenced packet
exchange
______TCP/IP
______SAN
7. network operating system
______WWW
8. world wide web
______WAN
9. central processing unit
______IIS
10.internet information
services
11.Netbios extended user
interface
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Videos
Click the link below to start video
Computer Networking Post-Secondary Options: Life after
high school
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DsqxXvhkH4M
 Computer Networking Tutorial - 1 - Introduction to
Networking

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TVvEheZVwdg&feature=related

Use complete sentences to answer the following:

1. Why were computer networks built?

2. Describe the 3 main types of computer networks?

3. What is a node and give three examples?

4. Explain how nodes are connected and describe the two
most common types.
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Computer Network Video 2

Tutorial - 2 - Networking Basics
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GyTLPl5t0Q&feature=relmfu
Use complete sentences to answer the following:
1.
What is another name for a Personal Computer?
2.
Describe the process of a HOST and a CLIENT.
3.
Explain the purpose of a SERVER. Give an example.
4.
Explain the importance of a Network Interface Card.
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Define Networking
Connecting computers
to share information
and resources
Involves physical
connections and
software
Vital to modern-day workplace
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Why Use a Network?
• Groups of users share and
exchange data
• Communication is easier
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Fundamentals
• In it’s basic form, two
computers connected with a
cable
• Data is shared efficiently
• Offers access to peripheral
devices: printers, scanners,
fax machines
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Network Process
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Standalone and Sneakernet
Old alternatives to networking
Floppy
disk
• Standalone computer
• Single computer not attached
to a network
• Cannot match power and
convenience of network
• “Sneakernet”
• Passing floppy disk from
machine to machine
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Lets look at the past…..
LANS and Internetworks –
• Early networks – custom-built, expensive,
severe restrictions
• Early Ethernet – no more than 30 users
with total span of 607 feet
• Local area network (LAN) – works within
limited geographic area
• Building block for constructing larger
networks, called internetworks
• Internetwork – network 100 or more
computers at distances in excess of 1000
feet
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WANS and the Internet
• Wide area network (WAN) – spans
distances measured in miles; links two or
more separate LANS
• Metropolitan area network (MAN) – uses
WAN technology to interconnect LANs
within a specific geographic region
• Internet – global WAN internetwork;
includes millions of machines and users
worldwide
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Networking Lexicon
• Must understand specialized networking
vocabulary, including
• Server — shares resources across network,
typically with more central processing unit
(CPU) power and storage capacity than other
computers
• Client — accesses shared resources
• Request-response — client requests
information; server responds by providing
information
• Client-server relationship — see Figure 1-3
• Peer-to-peer — computers share and request
resources from one another
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Network Medium
• Computers share access to common network
medium that carries signals from one computer to
another
• What is a Medium:
• A medium may be physical cable, such as
twisted pair, coaxial, or fiber-optic
• Medium may be wireless
• Physical interface to medium is usually network
interface card (NIC) or network adapter
• Kind of medium dictates type of connector and limits
number and type of devices as well as distance a
single LAN
can span
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Protocols
• Network protocols – a common set of
rules which
• define how to interpret signals,
• identify individual computers,
• initiate and end networked
communication,
• manage information exchange across
network medium
• Include TCP/IP, NetBEUI, IPX/SPX, and
NWLink
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Software
• Network software issues requests and
responses
• Network operating system (NOS)
controls which computers and users
access network resources
• Include both client and server components
• Popular NOSs include Windows .NET Server,
Windows XP, Windows 2000, Windows NT, and
Novell NetWare
• Network applications access the network
• Include e-mail programs,
• web browsers,
• network-oriented utilities
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Network Services
include:
• file and print services,
file-sharing, e-mail, and other capabilities
• Network communications are layered
• Network applications use NOS or client
networking software to get network
protocol to access medium
• Medium exchanges information with other
computers
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Summary
• Basic elements of networks include
networking medium (cabling) and
computers with physical interface
(network adapter) to medium
• Computers must also have network
protocol and network software to send and
receive messages across network
• In order for two devices to communicate
successfully they must have a least one
protocol in common.
• Network services include file sharing,
printing, e-mail, and other messaging
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services
Use Cornell Note
Strip
1. Attach to your note
packet
2. Review your notes
and complete both
sides of the strip.
3. Turn in to class tray
Vocabulary Activity:
• Open a blank Word document.
• Insert HEADER at top right corner to include
(Full name, BIM I class period, DATE)
• Use NUMBERING format found in PARAGRAPH group
of MS Word (auto numbering) and type each vocabulary
term found on the next page.
• Using your own words and your notes define each
network term.
• Print this list out to printer G103 5110 double sided.
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Networking Terms & Questions:
1. Desktop Software
2. Sharing
3. Peripheral Devices
4. Groups of users
5. Electronic Mail (e-mail)
6. Device Sharing
7. Standalone Computer
8. Ethernet
9. Local Area Network (LAN)
10.Internetwork
11.Wide Area Network (WAN)
12.Metropolitan Area Network
(MAN)
13.Internet
14.Nodes
15. Host
16. Client
17. Server
18. NIC
19. Network Medium
20. Network Protocols
21. Network Software
22. Network Operating System
23. Network Applications
24. Network Services
25. Workstation
26. Why use a network?
27. What are the 3 main types of Networks?
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Quick Assessment –
Network and Networking Concepts
Print out this page and complete this Quiz.
You may use your notes but NOT your neighbor
1. Name three examples of peripheral devices that can be shared on a network (9 pts)
1.
2.
3.
2. True or False: WAN reaches over 30 miles and is the largest type of
network. (1 point)
3. In order for two devices to communicate successfully they must
have a least one
in common. (1 point)
4. Windows 2000 and Novell NetWare are examples of a
(1point)
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