Download Gluteal - Faculty

7
L A B O R A T O R Y
Gluteal
Identify the gluteal muscles.
Describe the attachment points for the gluteal muscles.
Relate their primary actions.
Identify the primary innervation source for each muscle.
Identify the primary source of vascularization for each muscle.
Identify the ligaments in the gluteal region.
sacrotuberous ligament - greater sciatic foramen
sacrospinous ligament - lesser sciatic foramen
Gluteal Muscles
Muscle
Tensor Fascia
Lata
Origin
Insertion
Innervation
Blood Supply
Action
Ant. Superior
Iliac spine
Anterior Iliac
crest
Posterior Ilium,
Sacrum, Coccyx
& Sacrotuberous
Ligament
Iliotibial tract
(anterolateral
Tibia)
Superior
Gluteal N
(L4-L5)
Superior
Gluteal A
Abduct &
M-rotate
Flex thigh
Iliotibial tract
Gluteal
tuberosity of
Femur
Inferior
Gluteal N
(L5-S2)
Sup Gluteal A
Inf Gluteal A
Circumflex
Femoral A
Extend &
L-rotate thigh
Gluteus Medius
External Ilium
Ant – Post
gluteal lines
Posterolateral
Superior
greater trochanter Gluteal N
of Femur
(L5-S1)
Superior
Gluteal A
Abduct &
M-rotate thigh
Gluteus
Minimus
External Ilium
Ant – Inferior
gluteal lines
Anterior greater
trochanter of
Femur
Superior
Gluteal N
(L5-S1)
Superior
Gluteal A
Abduct &
M-rotate thigh
Piriformis
Anterior Sacrum Superior greater
Sacrotuberous
trochanter of
Ligament
Femur
Ventral rami of
Spinal N
(S1–S2)
Inf Gluteal A
Sup Gluteal A
Circumflex A
Steady Femoral
head, Abduct &
L-rotate thigh
Obturator
Internus
Pelvic obturator
membrane
(inside)
Nerve to
Inf Gluteal A
Obturator
Circumflex
Internus (L5-S1) Femoral A
Steady Femoral
head
L-rotate thigh
Sup – Nerve to Inf Gluteal A
Ob Int (L5-S1) Circumflex
Inf – N to Quad Femoral A
Fem (L5-S1)
Steady Femoral
head, Abduct &
L-rotate thigh
Gluteus
Maximus
Gemelli
Superior –
Ischial spine
Inferior– Ischial
tuberosity
Quadratus
Femoris
Lateral Ischial
tuberosity
Trochanteric
fossa of Femur
Trochanteric
fossa of Femur
Intertrochanteric Nerve to
Inf Gluteal A
crest of Femur
Quadratus
Pudendal A
Femoris (L5-S1)
L-rotate thigh
Steady Femoral
head
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Laboratory 7 • Gluteal
LUMBROSACRAL PLEXUS – POSTERIOR
Identify the nerves from the sacral part of the plexus.
Sciatic nerve (L4 - S3) Posterior thigh and all leg and foot compartments
Tibial nerve (L4 - S3) Posterior leg and plantar foot
Common fibular nerve (L4 - S2) Lateral/anterior leg and dorsal foot
Pudendal nerve (S2 - S4) Pelvic perineum
Identify the nerves from the entire lumbrosacral plexus (Nerve to …… are often quite difficult to see).
Superior gluteal nerve (L4 - S1) Gluteus Medius/Minimus and Tensor Fasciae Lata
Inferior gluteal nerve (L5 - S2) Gluteus Maximus
Nerve to obturator internus (L5 - S1) Obturator Internus and Superior Gemellus
Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5 - S1) Innervation to quadratus femoris, inferior gemellus
LUMBROSACRAL PLEXUS – ANTERIOR
Identify the nerves from the lumbar part of the plexus.
Femoral nerve (L2 –L4) Anterior compartment of thigh
Obturator nerve (L2 - L4) Medial compartment of thigh (Obturator Externus)
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Laboratory 7 • Gluteal
HIP JOINT
Classify the hip joint according to structural and functional criteria –
Ball-and-socket, synovial (diarthrotic) joint.
Identify the ligaments associated with the hip joint.
Ligament to head of femur
Transverse Acetabular Ligament
(ligamentum teres/femoris)
Inguinal ligament
Acetabular labrum
Iliofemoral - Anterior reinforcement
Pubofemoral - Inferior/anterior reinforcement
Anterior inferior iliac spine to
Pubic bone to joint capsule
intertrochanteric line
Prevents overabduction
Prevents hyperextension while standing
Ischiofemoral - Posterior reinforcement
Ischial part of acetabular rim to base of greater trochanter
Prevents hyperextension
Relate muscles acting at the hip joint to their specific actions.
Describe blood supply to the hip joint – Lateral/medial circumflex femoral arteries.
Describe the innervation for the hip joint.
Femoral nerve (L2 - L4)
Superior Gluteal nerve (L4 - S1)
Nerve to Quadratus Femoris (L5 - S1)
Obturator nerve (L2 - L4)
SACROILIAC JOINT
Classify the sacroiliac joint according to structural and functional criteria –
modified plane, synovial, amphiarthrotic joint.
Identify the ligaments associated with the sacroiliac joint.
Ant/Post Sacroiliac ligaments
Sacrotuberous Ligament
Sacrospinous Ligament
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Laboratory 7 • Gluteal
LOWER EXTREMITY
os coxae = innominate bone = hip bone = ilium + ischium + pubis
Ilium
iliac crest
gluteal lines
iliac spines
(inf/ant/post)
(ant/post/sup/inf )
acetabulum
acetabular notch iliac fossa
superior sciatic notch
ischial tuberosity
obturator foramen
ramus
body
inferior sciatic notch
ischial spine
rami
pubic tubercle
pubic symphysis
arcuate line
Ischium
Pubis
Femur
iliac tubercle
head/neck
fovea
greater/lesser trochanter
trochanteric crest
trochanteric line
gluteal tuberosity
linea aspera
adductor tubercle
(med/lat) epicondyles
auricular surface
trochanteric fossa
pectineal line
(med/lat) condyles
intercondylar fossa/notch
Tibia
tibial plateau
tibial tuberosity
articular surfaces
Gerdy’s tubercle
(med/lat) intercondylar tubercles/eminences
soleal line
fibular notch
medial malleolus
Fibula
head
Tarsal bones
Metatarsals (5)
lateral malleolus
interosseous border
calcaneus
talar shelf (sustentaculum tali)
cuboid
medial/intermediate/lateral cuneiforms
Phalanges (14)
talus
Patella
navicular
Laboratory 7 • Gluteal
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Laboratory 7 • Gluteal