Download EOG Science Vocabulary Words

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EOG Science Vocabulary Words
Topographic Map
Contour Lines
Physical Map
Vegetation
Relief Map
Dams
Elevation
Aerial
Erosion
Riverbed
Tributary
Valley
Canyon
Gorge
A map that shows both elevation and
the shape of the land.
Lines that are used to show elevation
on a map
A map that shows land forms and
bodies of water
The plants found in a certain area.
Desert vegetation = cacti, bushes, etc.
A map that show the physical features
of land by using contour lines, colors or
shading.
A wall built across a river to control the
flow of water.
A raised geological formation. The
height above sea level.
Of or relating to the air.
The process by which material is worn
away by forces such as glaciers, wind,
and waves.
The path through which the river flows.
A stream flowing into a larger stream or
river.
The land between two mountains,
usually containing a river.
A deep valley with steep walls on both
sides; formed by running water.
A steep narrow opening between
mountains; a small canyon.
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Channel
Meander
Taiga
Temperate Forest
Tundra
Biomes
Grassland
Estuary
Tropical Rainforest
Desert
Global Warming
Deciduous Forest
A deep and narrow body of water that
allows the best passage for ships. It
connects two larger bodies of water.
A curve in a stream or river.
A biome that is characterized by trees
called conifers. It has cold winters, but
longer and warmer summers than a
tundra.
A biome dominated by broadleaved
deciduous hardwood trees and also
evergreen trees that retain their leaves
all year long. This type of forest occurs
in a climate with four seasons.
A cold treeless area of arctic regions
having only low-growing mosses or
shrubs.
Large regions of the world that have
similar characteristics, usually named
for the dominant plant life in the area.
Biomes contain specific kinds of plants
and animals.
A biome of wide-open fields containing
many grasses but few trees and having
low to moderate rainfall.
A habitat which the fresh water of a
river meets the salt water of the ocean.
A hot, wet, equatorial biome that
contains the largest numbers of species.
A biome where there is very little
rainfall.
Gradual warming of the earth and its
atmosphere that may be caused in part
by pollution and an increase in the
greenhouse effect.
A biome in which the dominant plants
are broadleaved trees that shed their
leaves every fall.
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Ecosystem
Producers
Greenhouse Effect
Consumers
Population
Ozone Layer
Decomposers
Omnivore
Herbivore
Food Web
Food Chain
Energy Pyramid
Carnivore
Predators
Prey
Scavenger
The environment where living and
nonliving things interact.
An organism which manufactures its
own food through photosynthesis.
Process where heat is trapped in the
atmosphere.
Organisms that eat other organisms in
order to get energy.
Group of living things of the same
species living in a certain area.
Located in the stratosphere layer of our
atmosphere, it absorbs harmful
ultraviolet radiation from the sun.
Organisms like bacteria, fungi and
insects that consume and break down
dead plants, animals, and waste
materials. In this process, energy and
nutrients are returned to the soil.
Organisms that eat both meat and
plants.
Organism that eats plants or producers.
The complex pattern of energy transfer
in an ecosystem; consists of many
interrelated food chains.
The path of energy in food from one
organism to another organism.
The amount of usable energy in an
ecosystem is less for each higher animal
in the food chain. Movement of energy
through an ecosystem.
An organism that eats only meat.
A consumer that hunts and eats
animals.
An animal that is hunted or eaten by
other animals.
Consumer who feeds on dead or rotting
organisms.
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Parasite
Abiotic Factor
Mutualism
Commensalism
Biotic Factor
Community
Individual
Ecology
Endangered Species
Carrying Capacity
Niche
Limiting Factor
Extinct
Habitat
Nonliving
Threatened Species
Adapt
A plant or animal that get food or
protection from another living being
without benefitting the other being.
Nonliving parts of the environment
such as air currents, temperature, soil,
light, and water.
A symbiotic relationship in which both
species benefit.
A symbiotic relationship in which one
species benefits and the other species is
neither harmed nor benefitted.
The living parts of an ecosystem. It
includes plants, animals, fungi, protists,
and bacteria.
All the different populations that live
together in an area.
A single being or organism.
Study of how living things interact with
each other and their environment.
The number of an organism is so small
it may become extinct.
The largest population that an area can
support.
An organism’s particular role in an
ecosystem.
In an ecosystem, an abiotic or biotic
factor that maintains balance by
limiting the number of individuals in a
population.
Any organism that once lived on Earth,
but no longer exists.
Place where an organism lives and that
provides for its needs.
Anything that does not grow or change.
A species likely to be endangered in the
future.
To adjust or change to suit conditions.
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Groundwater
Living
Spring
Runoff
Reservoir
Drainage Basin
Sediment
Wells
Deposition
Delta
Weathering
Watershed
Glaciers
Gravity
Erosion
Mass Movement
Water held in rocks and soil below the
surface.
Something that grows, reproduces,
needs food and water, and is made of
cells.
A natural flow of ground water.
Surface water that does not soak into
the ground.
A place where water or some other
substance is stored for later use.
All of the land drained by a river and
the streams that flow into that river.
Rock particles carried and deposited by
water, wind, and ice.
Holes dug into the ground to get
groundwater.
This occurs when silt, sand, and other
materials are carried by flowing water
and deposited at other places on the
Earth’s surface.
A triangular fan shaped deposit which
forms when a river empties into a larger
body of water.
The process in which rocks are broken
down into smaller pieces by ice, water,
the wind, changes in temperature,
plants, animals, or by chemicals.
An area of land where water drains
from land back to a body of water.
Large, slowly moving mass of ice.
The force by which a planet or other
body tends to draw objects toward its
center.
The wearing-down effect of rain and
wind on rock.
The movement of material down a
slope due only to the pull of gravity.
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Rapids
Contraction
Waterfall
Expansion
Water Gap
Flood Plains
Motion
Mouth
Inertia
Velocity
Newton
Force
Balance
Spring Scale
Reaction
Weight
Mass
Acceleration
Joule
Parts of rivers where water runs very
fast.
The process or result of becoming
smaller or pressed together. “The
contraction of a gas on cooling.”
A steep or vertical fall of water.
The act of increasing in size or volume,
quantity, or scope.
A deep notch left where a water stream
erodes through a mountain and is
uplifted.
Rich agricultural areas along the banks
of a river created by deposits of
sediment in flat areas.
A change in the position or place of
something over time in comparison to a
reference point.
Where a river begins
The tendency of an object to resist a
change in motion.
A measure of both the speed and
direction of a moving object.
A unit used to measure force.
Energy in the form of a push or a pull.
An instrument used to measure an
object’s mass.
An instrument that measures weight.
A result or an action in response to
another action.
A measure of how much matter an
object has.
A measurement of the pull of gravity on
the mass of an object.
The rate at which velocity changes.
The metric unit used to measure work
or energy.
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Action
Work
Magnetism
Inclined Plane
Gear
Wedge
Screw
Simple Machines
Compound Machine
Momentum
Lever
The force one object applies to a
second. For every _______, there is an
equal and opposite reaction.
The transfer of energy resulting from a
force acting to move an object over a
distance.
Work = Force x Distance
The natural force produced by a
magnetic field.
A simple machine with a flat surface set
at an angle to a horizontal surface. A
playground slide is a good example.
A toothed wheel that engages another
tooth mechanism in order to change
the speed or direction of transmitted
motion.
A simple machine with two or more
inclined planes.
A simple machine that consists of an
inclined plane that twists around a
central axis.
Devices with few moving parts that can
be used to reduce the effort needed to
do work. There are six basic simple
machines: the lever, the wheel and
axle, the pulley, the inclined plane, the
wedge, and the screw.
A machine that is made up of two or
more simple machines.
A measurement of the motion of
something. This is equal to the product
of the moving object’s mass times its
velocity.
A simple machine that has a bar which
moves on or around a fixed point and
can be used for lifting things. Example:
A seesaw.
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Speed
Pulley
Friction
Wheel and Axle
Newton’s First Law of Motion
Newton’s Second Law of Motion
Newton’s Third Law of Motion
Unbalanced Forces
Balanced Forces
Potential Energy
Kinetic Energy
Displacement
A measure of how fast something
moves over a distance.
A simple machine made from a grooved
wheel with a rope or chain wrapped
around a groove. Example: a flag pole
A force that opposes motion between
two surfaces that are touching.
A simple machine in which either a
wheel turns an axle or an axle turns a
wheel around a central point.
“The Law of Inertia”
It states that an object at rest will
remain at rest and an object that is
moving at constant velocity will
continue moving at that constant
velocity until acted upon by an outside
force.
A law which states that the acceleration
of an object depends on the mass of
the object and the amount of force
applied.
F=m x a
For every action, there is an equal and
opposite reaction. Also stated: for
action force there is an equal and
opposite reaction force.
Two opposite forces that are not equal
– motion occurs.
When two or more forces acting on an
object that cancel each other out and
do not cause a change in the object’s
motion.
The potential for something to move.
The energy of a moving object.
The length and direction of an object’s
path from its starting point straight to
its ending point.
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Insolation
Atmosphere
Troposphere
Air Pressure
Weather
Barometer
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
Thermometer
Water Vapor
Humidity
Evaporation
Relative Humidity
Condensation
Stratus Cloud
Cumulus Cloud
Cirrus Cloud
Fog
Precipitation
Cumulonimbus Clouds
The amount of the Sun’s energy that
reaches Earth at a given time and place.
The blanket of gases that surround the
Earth.
The layer of the atmosphere closest to
the Earth’s surface.
The force put on a given area by the
weight of the air above it.
What the lower atmosphere is like at
any given time.
A device for measuring air pressure.
The layer of the atmosphere where the
ozone layer is located.
Third layer of the atmosphere where it
is the coldest.
Fourth layer of the atmosphere. It is
also the hottest layer.
Instrument used to measure
temperature.
Water in the form of a gas.
The amount of water vapor in the air.
The changing of a liquid into a gas.
A comparison between condensation
and evaporation.
The changing of a gas into a liquid.
A cloud that forms in a blanketlike
layer.
A puffy cloud that appears to rise up
from a flat bottom.
A high-altitude cloud with a featherlike
shape, made of ice crystals.
A cloud that forms at ground level.
Any form of water particles that fall
from the atmosphere and reaches the
ground. Includes rain, snow, sleet, and
hail.
Clouds that bring thunderstorms.
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Water Cycle
Evaporation
Transpiration
Rain Gauge
Wind
Convection Cell
Sea Breeze
Land Breeze
Coriolis Effect
Isobar
Wind Vane
Anemometer
Air Mass
Front
Cold Front
Warm Front
The continuous movement of water
between Earth’s surface and the air,
changing from liquid to gas to liquid.
The process in which a liquid changes
directly into a gas.
The process by which plant leaves
release water into the air.
An instrument used to measure the
amount of rain that falls.
Air that moves horizontally.
A circular pattern of air rising, air
sinking, and wind.
Wind that blows from sea to land.
Wind that blow from land to sea.
The curving of the path of a moving
object caused by Earth’s rotation.
A line on a weather map connecting the
places with equal air pressure.
A device that indicates wind direction.
A device that measures wind speed.
A large region of the atmosphere where
the air has similar properties
throughout.
A boundary between air masses with
different temperatures.
A boundary where cold air moves in
under a mass of warm air. Often bring
brief, heavy storms. After the storm
the sky is clear and the temperature is
cooler and drier.
A boundary where warm air moves in
over a mass of cold air. Often bring
light, steady rain or snow. Precipitation
may last for days. Winds are usually
light. May bring some fog. After the
temperature will be usually warmer and
more humid.
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Occluded Front
Stationary Front
Maritime Polar
Maritime Tropical
Continental Polar
Continental Tropical
Synoptic Weather Map
Statistical Forecasting
Thunderstorm
Tornado
Hurricane
Storm Surge
Climate
Radiative Balance
Greenhouse Effect
A front formed where a cold front
moves in under a warm front.
Temperature depends on whether the
air is warm or cool behind the front.
An unmoving front where a cold air
mass and a warm air mass meet. The
weather is usually calm.
Cool, moist air
Warm, moist air
Cold, dry air
Hot, dry air
This type of map shows a summary of
the weather using station models.
Based on find patterns.
The most common severe storm,
formed in cumulonimbus clouds.
A violet whirling wind that moves
across the ground in a narrow path.
A very large, swirling storm with very
low pressure at the center.
A great rise of the sea along a shore
caused by low pressure.
The average weather pattern of a
region.
A balance between energy lost and
energy gained.
The ability of the atmosphere to let in
sunlight but not to let heat escape.
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