Download selection - StudyTime NZ

LEVEL THREE BIOLOGY: EVOLUTION
Processes
Selection
Sexual and asexual reproduction
Variation
Speciation
Evolution
PROCESSES: SELECTION
I can explain the term “survival of the fittest”.
I can show that I understand how natural selection works by
discussing how selection pressures in the surrounding
environment allow survival and passing on of some alleles over
others.
I can show that I know the differences between stabilising,
directional and diversifying natural selection, by:
Describing each type of natural selection.
Comparing and contrasting the different types of natural selection.
Drawing a graph representing each type of natural
selection.
Giving explanations for why each type might happen in different situations.
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PROCESSES: SEXUAL AND ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
I can define sexual and asexual reproduction.
I can show that I understand the processes of sexual and asexual
reproduction by explaining and contrasting the resulting
differences in genetic variation.
I can show that I understand how meiosis increases genetic
variation by explaining crossing over, segregation and
independent assortment.
PROCESSES: VARIATION
I can show that I know what ‘variation’ means by discussing
allele frequencies in the gene pool of a population.
I can show that I know how the amount of variation in a
species affects the species survival by discussing
environmental changes.
I can show that I understand processes that increase or
decrease variation by describing each of the following and
how each effects the amount of variation in a population:
Founder effect.
Bottleneck effect.
Genetic drift.
Gene flow.
I can define the term “mutation” and give examples e.g.
spontaneous, point, chromosomal, silent, nonsense,
inverse etc.
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I can show that I understand how mutations increase
variation by discussing, in terms of fitness, how and why
advantageous mutations become established in a
population.
SPECIATION:
I can define “species” by including terms such as
individuals, interbreed and fertile offspring.
I can show that I know the meanings of the terms ‘
speciation’ and ‘reproductive isolation’ by describing how a
build-up of variation between two reproductively isolated
populations can lead to a species diverging.
I can show that I know the difference between prezygotic
and postzygotic reproductive barriers by giving examples
of each.
I can show that I understand how reproductive barriers can
result in speciation by discussing examples of
geographical, temporal, physiological and behavioural
barriers.
I can show that I know the difference between “allopatric
speciation” and “sympatric speciation” by discussing the
most likely barriers that cause each type of speciation.
I can show that I understand what instant speciation is by
describing autopolyploidy and allopolyploidy and how
these result in instant speciation in plants.
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I can explain the importance of allopolyploidy by explaining
what a hybrid is and giving reasons as to why hybrids are often
sterile.
I can show that I know what adaptive radiation is by discussing
how and why it has occurred in given examples.
I can compare and contrast adaptive radiation and instant
speciation.
EVOLUTION:
I can show that I understand the difference between punctuated
equilibrium and gradualism by comparing and contrasting these
theories and under what conditions they might occur.
I can show that I understand the idea of a constant mutation rate
by explaining how this relates to gradualism.
I can explain the difference between evolution and speciation.
I can define and discuss the differences between the following
types of evolution: convergent, divergent, parallel and
co-evolution.
I can show that I understand the above types of evolution by
giving examples of each and discussing why they may occur in
different situations.
I can show that I understand the differences between
convergent and divergent evolution by comparing and
contrasting the evolution of analogous and homologous
physiological structures.
© StudyTime 2015