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Figure 23.1 Alimentary canal and related accessory digestive organs.
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Figure 23.2 Gastrointestinal tract activities.
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Figure 23.3 Peristalsis and segmentation.
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Figure 23.3a Peristalsis and segmentation.
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Figure 23.3b Peristalsis and segmentation.
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Figure 23.4 Neural reflex pathways initiated by stimuli inside or outside the gastrointestinal tract.
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Figure 23.5 The peritoneum and the peritoneal cavity.
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Figure 23.5a The peritoneum and the peritoneal cavity.
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Figure 23.5b The peritoneum and the peritoneal cavity.
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Figure 23.6 Basic structure of the alimentary canal.
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Figure 23.7 Anatomy of the oral cavity (mouth).
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Figure 23.7a Anatomy of the oral cavity (mouth).
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Figure 23.7b Anatomy of the oral cavity (mouth).
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Figure 23.8 Dorsal surface of the tongue, and the tonsils.
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Figure 23.9 The salivary glands.
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Figure 23.9a The salivary glands.
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Figure 23.9b The salivary glands.
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Figure 23.10a Human dentition.
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Figure 23.10b Human dentition.
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Figure 23.11 Longitudinal section of a canine tooth within its bony alveolus.
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Figure 23.12 Microscopic structure of the esophagus.
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Figure 23.12a Microscopic structure of the esophagus.
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Figure 23.12b Microscopic structure of the esophagus.
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Figure 23.13 Deglutition (swallowing) (1 of 5).
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Figure 23.13 Deglutition (swallowing) (2 of 5).
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Figure 23.13 Deglutition (swallowing) (3 of 5).
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Figure 23.13 Deglutition (swallowing) (4 of 5).
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Figure 23.13 Deglutition (swallowing) (5 of 5).
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Figure 23.14a Anatomy of the stomach.
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Figure 23.14b Anatomy of the stomach.
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Figure 23.15a Microscopic anatomy of the stomach.
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Figure 23.15b Microscopic anatomy of the stomach.
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Figure 23.15c Microscopic anatomy of the stomach.
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Figure 23.16 Photographs of a gastric ulcer lesion and of the bacteria that most commonly cause it.
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Figure 23.16a Photographs of a gastric ulcer lesion and of the bacteria that most commonly cause it.
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Figure 23.16b Photographs of a gastric ulcer lesion and of the bacteria that most commonly cause it.
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Figure 23.17 Neural and hormonal mechanisms that regulate release of gastric juice.
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Figure 23.18 Mechanism of HCl secretion by parietal cells.
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Figure 23.19 Peristaltic waves in the stomach.
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Figure 23.20 Neural and hormonal factors inhibiting gastric emptying.
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Figure 23.21 The duodenum of the small intestine, and related organs.
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Figure 23.22a Structural modifications of the small intenstine that increase its surface area for digestion and absorption.
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Figure 23.22b Structural modifications of the small intenstine that increase its surface area for digestion and absorption.
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Figure 23.22c Structural modifications of the small intenstine that increase its surface area for digestion and absorption.
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Figure 23.23 Villi and microvilli of the small intestine.
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Figure 23.23a Villi and microvilli of the small intestine.
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Figure 23.23b Villi and microvilli of the small intestine.
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Figure 23.24a Gross anatomy of the human liver.
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Figure 23.24b Gross anatomy of the human liver.
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Figure 23.25a-b Microscopic anatomy of the liver.
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Figure 23.25c Microscopic anatomy of the liver.
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Figure 23.26 Structure of the enzyme-producing tissue of the pancreas.
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Figure 23.26a Structure of the enzyme-producing tissue of the pancreas.
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Figure 23.26b Structure of the enzyme-producing tissue of the pancreas.
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Figure 23.27 Activation of pancreatic proteases in the small intestine.
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Figure 23.28 Mechanisms promoting secretion and release of bile and pancreatic juice.
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Figure 23.29a Gross anatomy of the large intestine.
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Figure 23.29b Gross anatomy of the large intestine.
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Figure 23.30a Mesenteries of the abdominal digestive organs.
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Figure 23.30b Mesenteries of the abdominal digestive organs.
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Figure 23.30c Mesenteries of the abdominal digestive organs.
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Figure 23.30d Mesenteries of the abdominal digestive organs.
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Figure 23.31 Defecation reflex.
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Figure 23.32 Flowchart of chemical digestion and absorption of foodstuffs (1 of 4).
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Figure 23.32 Flowchart of chemical digestion and absorption of foodstuffs (2 of 4).
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Figure 23.32 Flowchart of chemical digestion and absorption of foodstuffs (3 of 4).
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Figure 23.32 Flowchart of chemical digestion and absorption of foodstuffs (4 of 4).
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Figure 23.33 Protein digestion and absorption in the small intestine.
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Figure 23.34 Emulsification, digestion, and absorption of fats.
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Figure 23.35 Embryonic development of the digestive system.
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Figure 23.35a Embryonic development of the digestive system.
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Figure 23.35b Embryonic development of the digestive system.
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Making Connections 23.1 Homeostatic Interrelationships Between the Digestive System and Other Body Systems
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