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Victoria Gugenheim Body Art Kaan Yücel M.D., Ph.D. 1 06.January.2014 Monday 2 3 STERNOCLAVICULAR JOINT the only articulation between upper limb & axial skeleton Articulation between Sternum &clavicle Saddle type functions as a ball-and-socket joint Articular disc Sternal end of clavicle v.s. Manubrium & 1st costal cartilage 4 LIGAMENTS OF THE STERNOCLAVICULAR JOINT 1. Anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments 2. Interclavicular ligament 3. Costoclavicular ligament 5 MOVEMENTS OF THE STERNOCLAVICULAR JOINT Strong but mobile Raising the clavicle (60°) during full elevation of the limb Once elevation is completed via flexion; rotation of the clavicle around itslongitudinal axis Anterior and posterior movements of the clavicle 6 ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINT 2-3 cm from the “point” of the shoulder formed by the lateral part of the acromion Articulation between Acromion of scapulae & clavicle Plane type Articular disc Acromial end of clavicle v.s. Acromion of scapula 7 LIGAMENTS OF THE ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINT Intrinsic ligament Acromioclavicular ligament Extrinsic ligament Coracoclavicular ligament conoid ligament (medial) trapezoid ligament (lateral) 8 MOVEMENTS OF THE ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINT Acromion rotates on the acromial end of the clavicle. associated with motion @ physiological scapulothoracic joint 9 GLENOHUMERAL (SHOULDER) JOINT more freedom of movement than any other joint in the body Articulation between humeral head v.s. glenoid cavity of the scapula Ball-and-socket type Glenoid labrum (L., lip) MORE IMAGES 114-122 10 LIGAMENTS OF THE GLENOHUMERAL (SHOULDER) JOINT 1. Glenohumeral ligaments 2. Coracohumeral ligament 3. Transverse humeral ligament 4. Joint Coracoacromial stability ligament 11 MOVEMENTS OF THE GLENOHUMERAL (SHOULDER) JOINT Flexion & extension of the humerus Abduction & adduction of the humerus Medial & lateral rotation of the humerus Circumduction 12 BURSAE AROUND THE GLENOHUMERAL (SHOULDER) JOINT 13 ELBOW JOINT 2-3 cm inferior to the epicondyles of the humerus Articulation between Humerus, ulna and radius Hinge type Trochlea of humerus v.s. Trochlear notch of ulna Capitilum of humerus v.s. Head of radius 14 LIGAMENTS OF THE ELBOW JOINT Medial (ulnar) and lateral (radial) collateral ligaments 15 MOVEMENTS OF THE ELBOW JOINT Flexion and extension occur at the elbow joint. The long axis of the fully extended ulna makes an angle with the long axis of the humerus. forearm angles away from the body when something is carried. more pronounced in women than in men 16 BURSAE AROUND THE ELBOW JOINT 17 PROXIMAL (SUPERIOR) RADIO-ULNAR JOINT Articulation between Radius and ulna proximally Pivot type Head of radius v.s. Radial notch of ulna Anular ligament MORE IMAGES 133 -134 18 DISTAL (INFERIOR) RADIO-ULNAR JOINT Articulation between Radius and ulna distally Pivot type Articular disc head of ulna v.s. ulnar notch of radius Anterior and posterior ligaments Supination & pronation Radius moves around relatively fixed distal end of ulna. 19 WRIST (RADIOCAPRAL) JOINT Articulation between Radius and proximal row of carpal bones Condyloid (ellipsoid) type Articular disc Distal end of the radius ,disc of the distal radio-ulnar joint v.s. proximal row of carpal bones, except for the pisiform 20 LIGAMENTS OF THE WRIST JOINT 1. Dorsal and palmar radiocarpal ligaments 2. Ulnar collateral ligament 3. Radial collateral ligament 21 MOVEMENTS OF THE WRIST JOINT Proximal & Distal Radioulnar joints Most adduction @ wrist joint Abduction from the neutral position 22 occurs @ midcarpal joint. INTERCARPAL JOINTS Joints between carpal bones of the proximal row Joints between carpal bones of the distal row Midcarpal joint between proximal &distal rows of carpal bones Pisotriquetral joint pisiform with palmar surface of triquetrum Anterior, posterior, and interosseousligaments 23 CARPOMETACARPAL & INTERMETACARPAL JOINTS carpometacarpal joint of the thumb between trapezium & base of 1st metacarpal 24 CARPOMETACARPAL & INTERMETACARPAL JOINTS Palmar and dorsal carpometacarpal ligaments Palmar and dorsal intermetacarpal ligaments Interosseus metacarpal ligaments Superficial and deep transverse metacarpal ligaments 25 MORE IMAGES 135-138 METACARPOPHALANGEAL & INTERPHALANGEAL JOINTS Metacarpophalangeal joints condyloid type biaxial plane : flexion-extension and adduction-abduction Interphalangeal joints hinge type uniaxial flexion-extension only 26 AC Acromioclavicular joint IC Intercarpal joints CMC Carpometacarpal joints except of the thumb IM Intermetacarpal joints 27 28 29 30
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