Download Function 1 Competence 8

MANAGEMENT – DECK
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES
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STCW OFFICE
GUIDE QUESTIONNAIRES
for seafarers
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A Publication of the MARINA STCW Office
ML-Deck: COMPETENCE 8 - Forecast Weather and Oceanographic Conditions
No.
1
2
Questions
Choice A
Choice B
Choice C
Choice D
"FOEHN" is a dry wind with a downward component. Which of the
following is a "FOEHN"?
All of the choices
Chinook
Sirocco
Sta. Ana
A boundary between two air masses is a(n):
continent
front
isobar
lapse rate
A cloud of marked vertical development (often anvil-shaped) would cirrus
be classified as:
cirrocumulus
altocumulus
cumulonimbus
3
A dry wind with a downward component, warm for the season. It
Foehn
occurs when horizontally moving air encounters a mountain barrier.
Katabatic wind
Blizzard
Fall wind
4
A easterly wave is located 200 miles due west of your position,
which is north of the equator. Where will the wave be in 24 hours?
Farther away to the
west
Farther away to the
east
In the same place
Closer and to the west
5
A hygrometer is a device used for determining:
the absolute
temperature
atmospheric pressure wind velocity
relative humidity
A katabatic wind blows:
in a circular pattern
horizontally between a up an incline due to
high and a low
surface heating
pressure area
down an incline due to
cooling of the air
A low, uniform layer of cloud resembling fog, but not resting on the cumulus
ground, is called:
nimbus
cirrus
A sea breeze is a wind:
caused by cold air
descending a coastal
incline
that blows towards the that blows towards an caused by the distant
sea at night
island during the day approach of a
hurricane
A slow rise in the barometric pressure forecasts:
rainy weather for the
next 48 hours
high seas
improving weather
conditions
deteriorating weather
conditions
A source of an air mass labeled mTw is:
Canada
The Gulf of Mexico
The equator
Alaska
Tehuantepecer
Pampero
Papagayo
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
A strong often violent northerly wind occurring on the Pacific coast Norther
of Mexico particularly during the colder months, and is a fall wind is
called:
stratus
Answer
A tropical wave is usually preceded by:
tropical storms
good weather
heavy rain and
cloudiness
heavy seas
A warm air mass is characterized by:
stability
instability
gusty winds
good visibility
According to Buys Ballot's Law, when an observer in the Southern
Hemisphere experiences a northwest wind, the center of the low
pressure is located to the:
east-northeast
south-southwest
east-southeast
west-southwest
Air masses near the earth's surface:
move from areas of
are deflected by the
high pressure to areas earth's rotation in
of low pressure
both hemispheres
are deflected by the
"Coriolis effect"
All of the above
13
14
15
16
Among the following source of an air mass with a symbol "mTw" is: Ecuador
Finland
North Sea
Sulu Sea
An air mass that has moved down from Canada would most likely
have the symbols:
mPk
cPk
cTk
cTw
18
An air mass that has moved down from the Scandinavian countries
would most likely have what symbol?
cPk
cTw
mTw
cTk
19
20
An instrument designed to maintain a continuous record of
atmospheric pressure is a(n):
mercurial barometer
aneroid barometer
barograph
thermograph
An occluded front is caused by a(n):
low pressure area
high pressure area
area of calm air
cold front overtaking a
warm front
An occluded front on a weather map is colored:
blue line
purple line
dashed blue line
alternate red and blue
line
As a high pressure system approaches, the barometer reading:
stays the same
falls
rises
falls rapidly
radiation
convection
barometric inversion
17
21
22
23
24
Ascending and descending air masses with different temperatures is conduction
part of an important heat transmitting process in our atmosphere
called:
At 0000H you fix your position and change course to 270deg. T. At The set is 090, drift 1.0 The set is 270, drift 1.0 The set is 090, drift 0.5 The set is 270, drift 0.5
0030H, you again fix your position, and it is 0.5 miles east of your DR knot
knot
knot
knot
position. Which statement is true?
25
26
At 0105H you fix your position and change course to 135deg. T. At
0135H, you again fix your position, and it is 0.5 mile southeast of
your DR position. Which statement is true?
Drift = 0.5 knot;
Drift = 1.0 knot;
Drift = 0.5 knot;
Drift = 1.0 knot;
Current Set = 135deg.T Current Set = 135deg.T Current Set = 225deg.T Current Set = 315deg.T
27
Barometers are calibrated at a standard temperature of:
0°F
32°F
60°F
Describe how clouds form.
Clouds form as a mass
of warm, humid air
rises into the
atmosphere and cools,
condensing moisture
into small droplets
Clouds form as winds
blow across bodies of
water, the sun causes
the moisture to be
absorbed and move
upward forming clouds
Clouds form as dry air Clouds form when the
compresses moisture relative humidity of
from the atmosphere the atmosphere is low
into clouds
Cumulonimbus clouds are most likely to accompany a(n):
high pressure system
cold front
warm front
occluded front
During the day the temperature of the land becomes warmer than
the sea. The result is:
Winds rotating about
the land mass
A sea breeze
A land breeze
Stagnant air
During the winter months, the southeast trade winds are:
stronger than during
the summer months
weaker than during
the summer months
drier than during the
summer months
wetter than during the
summer months
Fog generally clears when the:
wind speed increases
wind direction changes temperature increases All of the above
Good weather is usually associated with a region of:
low barometric
pressure
high barometric
pressure
falling barometric
pressure
pumping barometric
pressure
34
If the sky was clear, with the exception of a few cumulus clouds, it
would indicate:
rain
hurricane weather
fair weather
fog setting in
35
If warmer air is replacing colder air, this is known as:
A warm front
An occluded front
A stationary front
A cold front
In a synoptic chart, a warm front will be colored:
red
blue
purple
alternating red and
blue
In a weather report, the term "visibility" expresses:
how far you can see
with the "naked eye"
how far you can see
with a telescope or
binoculars
how well you can
identify an object at
night
the distance in miles at
which prominent
objects are identifiable
28
29
30
31
70°F
32
33
36
37
38
In Meteorology, generally, the interface or transition zone between Passage
two air masses of different density.
Front
Layer
Specific Gravity
39
In most cases, the direction of the apparent wind lies between the
bow and:
true north
the beam on the
windward side
the beam on the lee
side
the direction of the
true wind
In some river mouths and estuaries the incoming high-tide wave
crest overtakes the preceding low-tide trough. This results in a wall
of water proceeding upstream, and is called a:
seiche
40
bore
boundary wave
41
In the Northern Hemisphere you are caught in the dangerous
semicircle of a storm with plenty of sea room available. The best
course of action is to bring the wind on the:
port quarter and make starboard quarter and starboard bow and
as much headway as make as much
make as much
possible
headway as possible headway as possible
surge
port bow and make as
much headway as
possible
In the Northern Hemisphere, the right half of the storm is known as The wind speed is
the dangerous semicircle because:
greater here since the
wind is traveling in the
same general direction
as the storm's track
the direction of the
the seas are higher
wind and seas might because of greater
carry a vessel into the wind speed
path of the storm
All of the above
43
It is the symbol of an air mass which has moved down from Latin
American countries such as Colombia and Venezuela.
mPk
cPk
mPw
cTw
44
Low pressure disturbances, which travel along the intertropical
convergence zone, are called:
permanent waves
tidal waves
tropical waves
tropical storms
Mean lower low water is the reference plane used for:
all vertical
measurements
heights above water
for lights, mountains,
etc.
soundings on the U.S. water depths on the
east and west coasts U.S. east coast only
Neap tides occur:
at the start of spring, only when the Sun and
when the Sun is nearly Moon are on the same
over the equator
sides of the Earth and
are nearly in line
when the Sun and
Moon are at
approximately 90° to
each other, as seen
from the Earth
On a voyage from Halifax, N.S., to Dakar, West Africa, the Canary
Current will:
set the vessel to the
left
set the vessel to the
right
offer resistance in the furnish additional
form of a head current thrust in the form of a
fair or following
current
On a working copy of a weather map, a stationary front is
represented by which color line?
Blue
Alternating red and
blue
Red
Purple
48
49
On mid-ocean waters, the height of a wind-generated wave is not
affected by the:
water depth exceeding fetch
100 feet
wind's velocity
duration of the wind
Pressure gradient is a measure of:
a high-pressure area
pressure difference
over time
vertical pressure
variation
42
45
46
47
50
pressure difference
over horizontal
distance
when the Sun, Moon,
and Earth are nearly in
line, regardless of
alignment order
Relative humidity is defined as:
the maximum vapor
content the air is
capable of holding
the minimum vapor
content the air is
capable of holding
the ratio of the actual
vapor content at the
current temperature
to the air's vapor
holding capability
the relation of the
moisture content of
the air to barometric
pressure
Small, visible mound-like protuberances on the bottom of
cumulonimbus clouds, that are potential breeding grounds for
waterspouts and tornadoes, are called:
Steady precipitation is typical of:
thunderheads
mamma
rime
ice prisms
coming cold weather
conditions
a warm front weather high pressure
condition
conditions
scattered cumulus
clouds
That half of the hurricane to the right hand side of its track (as you
face the same direction that the storm is moving) in the Northern
Hemisphere is called the:
windward side
leeward side
safe semicircle
dangerous semicircle
54
50 to 80 miles
80 to 100 miles
100 to 150 miles
150 to 250 miles
55
The approximate distance to a storm center can be determined by
noting the hourly rate of fall of the barometer. If the rate of fall is
0.08 - 0.12 inches, what is the approximate distance to the storm
center?
The atmosphere in the vicinity of a low pressure area is called a(n):
cyclone
occluded front
cold front
anticyclone
The Beaufort scale is used to estimate the:
wind direction
percentage of cloud
cover
wind speed
barometric pressure
The climate of the northern Gulf coast:
is humid and
has an east coast
is a warm marine type varies from warm to
subtropical throughout marine type of climate of climate
subtropical
the year
51
52
53
56
57
58
59
The dangerous semicircle of a typhoon in the Southern Hemisphere measured from due
is that area:
south clockwise 180°
measured from due
to the left of the
south
storm's track
counterclockwise 180°
ahead of the typhoon
measured from the
storm's track to 90° on
each side
The dew point temperature is:
always higher than the always lower than the equal to the difference the temperature at
air temperature
air temperature
between the wet and which the air is
dry bulb temperatures saturated with water
vapor
61
The distance between the surface of the water and the tidal datum
is the:
height of tide
charted depth
actual water depth
range of tide
62
The dry-bulb temperature is 78°F and the wet-bulb temperature is
62°F. What is the relative humidity?
16%
24%
39%
79%
60
high cirrus clouds
gradually changing to
cirrostratus and then
to altostratus
fog caused by the
low dark clouds
warm air passing over accompanied by
the cooler water
intermittent rain
The form of cloud often known as "mackerel sky" which is generally nimbostratus
associated with fair weather is:
stratus
cirrocumulus
The horse latitudes are characterized by:
weak pressure
gradients and light,
variable winds
the formation of
steady winds in one
typhoons or hurricanes direction for six
in certain seasons
months followed by
wind reversal for the
next six months
steady winds generally
from the southeast in
the Southern
Hemisphere
The numeral in the center of a wind rose circle on a pilot chart
indicates the:
total number of
observations
average wind force on average wind force in
the Beaufort scale
knots
percentage of calms
66
Northeast Monsoon
Southwest Monsoon
Inter-tropical
Convergence Zone
Pacific trades
67
The Philippine Weather System characterized by constant wind
speed which normally occurs during transition period from SW
Monsoon to NE Monsoon in the month of October to November
and from NE Monsoon to SW Monsoon in the month of March to
May.
The pressure gradient between the horse latitudes and doldrums
runs:
east to west
north to south
68
northeast to
southwest
northwest to
southeast
The purpose of the "set" hand on an aneroid barometer is to:
adjust the barometer
indicate any change in provide a correction
the reading of the
for height above sea
barometer
level
provide a correction
for temperature
changes
The rise and fall of the ocean's surface due to a distant storm is
known as:
sea
waves
fetch
swell
The source of an air mass is Baltic Sea, it is labelled as:
mPw
mTk
cTw
mPk
The speed of sound in water is approximately:
1.5 times its speed in
air
2.5 times its speed in
air
3.5 times its speed in
air
4.5 times its speed in
air
73
The strongest winds and heaviest rains in a hurricane are found in
the:
outer bands
eye
cloud walls
spiral rainbands
74
The summer monsoon is characterized by:
Calms
Clear skies
Little Rainfall
Rainfall
radiation fog
frontal fog
convection fog
advection fog
75
The type of fog that occurs on clear nights with very light breezes
and forms when the earth cools rapidly by radiation is known as:
63
64
The first indications a mariner will have of the approach of a warm
front will be:
65
large cumulonimbus
(thunderclouds)
building up
69
70
71
72
cumulonimbus
76
The vertical distance from the tidal datum to the level of the water
is the:
77
range of tide
actual water depth
charted depth
The wind velocity is higher in the dangerous semicircle of a tropical 40°N
cyclone because of the:
50°N
40°S
50°S
The winter monsoon is caused by:
A rising air mass over
the land
A low pressure area
over the sea
A high pressure area
over the sea
A warmer body of land
The "Amihan" or the winter monsoon is characterized by which of
the following?
northerly wind, clear
skies
light breezes, overcast southerly wind,
skies
showers
Tropic tides are caused by the:
Moon being at its
Moon crossing the
maximum declination equator
Two well-developed low pressure areas may be separated by a:
trough of higher
pressure
hill of higher pressure ridge of higher
pressure
valley of higher
pressure
What current flows southward along the west coast of the United
States and causes extensive fog in that area?
Davidson Current
North Pacific Current
California Current
What indicates the arrival of a hurricane within 24 to 36 hours?
The normal swell
becoming lower and
from a steady
direction
Long bands of
The barometer drops 2
nimbostratus clouds
millibars between
radiating from a point 1000 and 1600
over the horizon
What is the average speed of the movement of a hurricane
following the recurvature of its track?
5 to 10 knots
20 to 30 knots
40 to 50 knots
What statement(s) is(are) correct about a front?
A front is a boundary
between two air
masses
There are abrupt
temperature
differences on
opposite sides of a
front
The pressure
tendencies are
different on opposite
sides of a front
All of the above
What kind of wind which blows up an incline usually as a result of
surface heating?
Katabatic wind
Blizzard
Fall wind
Anabatic wind
86
A tropical storm
A typhoon
87
What level of development of a tropical cyclone has a hundred mile A tropical disturbance A tropical depression
radius of circulation, gale force winds, less than 990 millibars of
pressure and vertically formed cumulonimbus clouds?
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
height of tide
Sun and Moon both
being near 0°
declination
Alaska Current
thunderstorm,
hurricanes
Moon being at perigee
Unusually good
weather with above
average pressures
followed by a slow fall
of 4 millibars in six
hours
Over 60 knots
What will act to dissipate fog?
Upwelling cold water
Advection of warm air Rain that is warmer
over a colder surface than air
Downslope motion of
an air mass along a
coast
When a cold air mass and a warm air mass meet, and there is no
horizontal motion of either air mass, it is called a(n):
stationary front
occluded front
cold front
warm front
When a low pressure area is approaching, the weather generally:
improves
worsens
remains the same
is unpredictable
When cold air displaces warm air you have a(n):
warm front
cold front
occluded front
stationary front
When compared to air temperature, which factor is most useful in
predicting fog?
Vapor pressure
Dew point
Barometric pressure
Absolute humidity
92
93
What type of tides will occur when the moon is at first quarter or
third quarter phase?
Apogean
Perigean
Neap
Spring
When your vessel is on or near the path of an approaching tropical
storm the:
wind direction remains wind speed increases
steady
barometer falls
All of the above
94
Which cloud commonly produces a halo about the Sun or Moon?
Cirrostratus
Cirrocumulus
Altostratus
Altocumulus
Which condition would most likely result in fog?
Warm moist air
blowing over cold
water
Airborne dust particles Warm moist air
blowing over warm
water
Dew point falling
below the air
temperature
Which current would you encounter on a direct passage from
southern Africa to Argentina, South America?
South Atlantic
South Equatorial
Agulhas
Guinea
97
Which is a characteristic of the weather preceding an approaching
warm front?
Gusty winds
Steadily falling
barometric pressure
Decreasing relative
humidity
Clearing skies
98
Which of the following is associated with consistently high
barometric pressure?
The horse latitudes
The doldrums
The prevailing
westerlies
The trade winds
99
100
Which scale is used to estimate wind speed by observing sea
conditions:
Metric scale
Wind scale
Coriolis scale
Beaufort scale
Which source of an air mass can be labeled "cPk"?
Manila Bay
Ecuador
North Sea
Canada
88
89
90
91
95
96
101
Which statement is TRUE concerning the current of the Gulf
Stream?
102
It reaches its daily
It is slower at the time
maximum speed a few of neap tides than at
hours before the
spring tides.
transit of the Moon.
When the Moon is at
its maximum
declination the stream
is narrower than when
the Moon is on the
equator.
Stratus
Variations in the trade
winds affect the
current.
103
Which type of cloud is composed entirely of ice crystals and is found Cumulus
at very high altitudes?
Cirrus
104
Which weather change accompanies the passage of a cold front in
the Northern Hemisphere?
Steady dropping of
barometric pressure
Steady precipitation, A line of
gradually increasing in cumulonimbus clouds
intensity
While taking weather observations, you determine that the wind is 045°
blowing from the northeast. You would record the wind direction in
the weather log as:
You are attempting to locate your position relative to a hurricane in in the right semicircle
the Northern Hemisphere. If the wind direction remains steady, but
with diminishing velocity, you are most likely:
090°
135°
225°
in the left semicircle
on the storm track
ahead of the center
on the storm track
behind the center
You are underway on course 050deg. T and your maximum speed is 332deg.
12 knots. The eye of a hurricane bears 120deg. T, 110 miles from
your position. The hurricane is moving towards 285deg. T at 25
knots. What course should you steer at 12 knots to have the
maximum CPA?
357deg.
339deg.
346deg.
105
106
107
Wind shift from
northeast, clockwise
to southwest
Nimbostratus