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MUSIC
An Appreciation
Sixth Brief Edition
Roger Kamien
Zubin Mehta Chair in Musicology, Emeritus
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
revised by
Susan Lindahl
Central Michigan University
Published by McGraw-Hill, an imprint of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New
York, NY 10020.
Copyright  2008, 2006, 2002, 1998, 1994, 1990 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. The
contents, or parts thereof, may be reproduced in print form solely for classroom use with MUSIC: AN
APPRECIATION provided such reproductions bear copyright notice, but may not be reproduced in any other form or
for any other purpose without the prior written consent of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., including, but not
limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning.
CONTENTS
I.
ELEMENTS
I-1.
I-2.
I-3.
I-4.
I-5.
I-6.
I-7.
I-8.
I-9.
I-10.
Sound: Pitch, Dynamics, and Tone Color
Performing Media: Voices and Instruments
Rhythm
Music Notation
Melody
Harmony
Key
Musical Texture
Musical Form
Musical Style
II.
THE MIDDLE AGES AND RENAISSANCE
II-1.
II-2.
Music in the Middle Ages (450-1450)
Music in the Renaissance (1450-1600)
III.
THE BAROQUE PERIOD
III-1.
III-2.
III-3.
III-4.
III-5.
III-6.
III-7.
III-8.
III-9.
III-10.
III-11.
III-12.
III-13.
III-14.
III-15.
Baroque Music (1600-1750)
Music in Baroque Society
The Concerto Grosso and Ritornello Form
The Fugue
The Elements of Opera
Opera in the Baroque Era
Claudio Monteverdi
Henry Purcell
The Baroque Sonata
Antonio Vivaldi
Johann Sebastian Bach
The Baroque Suite
The Chorale and Church Cantata
The Oratorio
George Frideric Handel
IV.
THE CLASSICAL PERIOD
IV-1.
IV-2.
IV-3.
IV-4.
IV-5.
IV-6.
IV-7.
IV-8.
The Classical Style (1750-1820)
Composer, Patron, and Public in the Classical Period
Sonata Form
Theme and Variations
Minuet and Trio
Rondo
The Classical Symphony
The Classical Concerto
IM – Intro | ii
IV-9.
IV-10.
IV-11.
IV-12.
Classical Chamber Music
Joseph Haydn
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Ludwig van Beethoven
V.
THE ROMANTIC PERIOD
V-1.
V-2.
V-3.
V-4.
V-5.
V-6.
V-7.
V-8.
V-9.
V-10.
V-11.
V-12.
V-13.
V-14.
V-15.
V-16.
V-17.
V-18.
Romanticism in Music (1820-1900)
Romantic Composers and Their Public
The Art Song
Franz Schubert
Robert Schumann
Clara Wieck Schumann
Frédéric Chopin
Franz Liszt
Felix Mendelssohn
Program Music
Hector Berlioz
Nationalism in Nineteenth-Century Music
Antonin Dvořák
Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky
Johannes Brahms
Giuseppe Verdi
Giacomo Puccini
Richard Wagner
VI.
THE TWENTIETH CENTURY AND BEYOND
VI-1.
VI-2.
VI-3.
VI-4.
VI-5.
VI-6.
VI-7.
VI-8.
VI-9.
VI-10.
VI-11.
VI-12.
VI-13.
VI-14.
VI-15.
VI-16.
VI-17.
VI-18.
VI-19.
VI-20.
Musical Styles: 1900-1945
Music and Musicians in Society
Impressionism and Symbolism
Claude Debussy
Neoclassicism
Igor Stravinsky
Expressionism
Arnold Schoenberg
Alban Berg
Anton Webern
Béla Bartók
Charles Ives
George Gershwin
William Grant Still
Aaron Copland
Musical Styles since 1945
Music since 1945: Five Representative Pieces
Jazz
The American Musical and Music in Film
Rock
IM – Intro | iii
VII.
NONWESTERN MUSIC
VII-1. Music in Nonwestern Cultures
VII-2. Music in Sub-Saharan Africa
VII-3. Classical Music of India
ABBREVIATIONS
EAV
Clearvue/eav, 6465 N. Avondale, Chicago, IL 60631-1909.
FfH&S
Films for the Humanities & Sciences, PO Box 2053, Princeton, NJ 08543-2053.
HAM
Historical Anthology of Music. Edited by Archibald T. Davison and Willi Apel.
Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1950.
HAMW
Historical Anthology of Music by Women. Edited by James R. Briscoe. Bloomington:
Indiana University Press, 1987.
HPC
Hildegard Publishing Company, Box 332, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010.
MOG
Metropolitan Opera Guild, 1865 Broadway, New York, New York 10023. (Opera
study guides, filmstrips, and opera boxes available for many standard operas)
MHS
Musical Heritage Society, Tinton Falls, New Jersey 07724.
MM
Masterpieces of Music Before 1750. Edited and compiled by Carl Parrish and John F.
Ohl. New York: W. W. Norton, 1951.
MWW
Music in the Western World: A History in Documents. Selected and annotated by
Piero Weiss and Richard Taruskin. New York: Schirmer Books, 1984.
NS
The Norton Scores. Edited by Roger Kamien. 4th ed. New York: W. W. Norton,
1984.
SSR
Source Readings in Music History from Classical Antiquity through the Romantic
Era. Edited by Oliver Strunk. New York: W. W. Norton, 1950.
WMM
Women Making Music: The Western Art Tradition, 1150-1950. Edited by Jane
Bowers and Judith Tick. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1986.
IM – Intro | iv