Download Oceans revision sheet

Key ideas: locations, uses, threats and management of seas & oceans
Could you describe where coral reefs
are located and then explain why?
Tropics
Shallow water
23o C
Tourism
Fishing
Aquarium trade
Shoreline protection
Education & research
Other – medical,
jewellery
Example = Florida Keys
Problem – tourism & tourism
Marine Protection Zone
created to restrict fishing
only responsible diving could
take place
education of divers and tourists
hotel construction restricted
Sustainable
Management
Tourism
Trampling,
anchors,
sewage, biggame tourist
fishing
Fishing Methods
Blast, cyanide &
trawling methods
all damage the
ecosystems
Hotel
Construction
Sand and silt
is dumped out
at sea,
covering reef
ecosystem
Global Warming
Sea water warms
up and causes
chemical
reaction causing
‘bleaching’ and
eventually dead
zones
Overfishing – big trawling nets, massive boats, sonar
Effect some species becoming extinct (Cod in North Sea or
Newfoundland, Canada)
Effect species that eat Cod die out or migrate away. Species that
are eaten by Cod have population explosion (jellyfish)
Effect by-catch eg turtles, dolphins caught in large nets
Pollution– sewage, litter & farming
Effect fertilizers from farms wash into sea and cause
eutrophication, where algae grows and takes all the oxygen
Effect species reduce in numbers because they mistake litter for
food eg turtles and plastic bags
Global Warming
Effect some species like cold water and have to migrate with the
cold water eg cod & krill
Effect sea levels rise causing coral reefs to be flooded
Managing the North Sea
Problems: lots of countries (UK, Norway, Germany etc)
fishing quotas being sold
currents and fishstocks move around
Solutions: quotas
Cod no-take zones
small net size
proposed marine reserves