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Pascack Valley Regional High School District Pascack Hills High School, Montvale, New Jersey Pascack Valley High School, Hillsdale, New Jersey Course Name: Syracuse University Project Advance (SUPA) Forensic Science Overview of SUPA Forensic Science Curriculum 1. Introduction to Forensic Science 2. Analysis of the Crime Scene 3. Types of Physical Evidence 4. Physical Properties of Glass and Soil 5. Analysis of Organic and Inorganic Compounds 6. Hair, Fibers, and Paint Analysis 7. Forensic Toxicology 8. Arson and Explosion Investigation 9. Forensic Serology 10. DNA Evidence 11. Fingerprint Analysis 12. Firearms, Tool Marks, and Other Impressions 13. Forensic Specialties 14. Document and Voice Examination COURSE DESCRIPTION: SUPA Forensic Science This course is intended to provide an introduction to understanding the science behind crime detection. This will be accomplished by providing a rational basis for interpreting the scientific analysis of forensic evidence and through occasional relevant case studies. Laboratory exercises will include techniques commonly employed in forensic investigations. SUPA Forensic Science is focused upon the application of scientific methods and techniques to crime and law. Recent advances in scientific methods and principles have had an enormous impact upon law enforcement and the entire criminal justice system. In this course, scientific methods specifically relevant to crime detection and analysis will be presented. Topics included are blood analysis, organic and inorganic evidence analysis, microscopic investigations, hair analysis, DNA, drug chemistry and toxicology, fiber comparisons, paints, glass compositions and fragmentation, fingerprints, soil comparisons, and arson investigations, among others. OBJECTIVES ACTIVITIES & EXPERIENCES EVALUATION N.J.C.C.C.S. UNIT I – Introduction to Forensic Science After Unit I, the student will be able to: 1. Formulate a definition for forensic science or criminalistics 2. Provide examples of typical crime laboratories as they exist on the national, state, and local levels of government 3. Analyze the services of a typical comprehensive crime laboratory 4. Explain the roles and responsibilities of an expert witness 5. Classify specialized areas of forensic science The student will: 1. Research an introductory case study involving forensic science Homework Quizzes Tests Hands-on laboratory activities Presentations Participation Webquests 5.2.12A.1 5.2.12B.1 5.2.12B.2 OBJECTIVES ACTIVITIES & EXPERIENCES EVALUATION N.J.C.C.C.S. UNIT II – Analysis of the Crime Scene After Unit II, the student will be able The student will: to: 1. Identify and classify physical evidence 2. Formulate steps to be taken to thoroughly record the crime scene 3. Describe the proper procedures for conducting a systematic search of crime scenes for physical evidence 4. Review the proper collection and packaging of physical evidence 5. Research and explain the chain of custody 1. Process a mock crime scene 2. Package and handle physical evidence 3. Record pertinent information in a crime scene Homework Quizzes Tests Hands-on laboratory activities Presentations Participation Webquests 5.1.12A.1 5.1.12A.2 5.1.12A.3 5.1.12A.4 5.1.12B.1 5.1.12B.2 5.1.12C.1 5.1.12C.2 OBJECTIVES ACTIVITIES & EXPERIENCES EVALUATION N.J.C.C.C.S. UNIT III – Types of Physical Evidence After Unit III, the student will be able to: 1. Assess common types of physical evidence found at a crime scene 2. Differentiate between identification and comparison of physical evidence 3. Compare and contrast the difference between class and individualistic evidence and describe the significance of each 4. Explain the importance of physical evidence in reconstructing a crime The student will: 1. Collect examples of physical evidence 2. Determine whether physical evidence is class or individualistic evidence 3. Reconstruct a crime scene based on physical evidence Homework Quizzes Tests Hands-on laboratory activities Presentations Participation Webquests 5.1.12B.1 5.1.12B.2 5.1.12C.1 5.1.12C.2 5.2.12B.2 5.3.12B.1 OBJECTIVES ACTIVITIES & EXPERIENCES EVALUATION N.J.C.C.C.S. UNIT IV – Physical Properties of Glass and Soil After Unit IV, the student will be able to: 1. Compare and contrast physical and chemical properties 2. Calculate density 3. Define and calculate refractive index in transparent materials 4. Differentiate between double refraction and birefringence 5. Compare floatation and immersion methods for comparison of glass specimens 6. Determine the direction of impact of a projectile through glass 7. List the important forensic properties of soil The student will: 1. Examine glass fractures to determine the direction of impact 2. Utilize floatation and immersion methods for determining glass refractive index 3. Utilize a density gradient tube technique to determine the density of objects 4. Properly collect glass and soil evidence Homework Quizzes Tests Hands-on laboratory activities Presentations Participation Webquests 5.3.12C.1 5.3.12D.1 5.4.12A.1 5.1.12B.1 5.1.12B.2 5.1.12C.1 5.1.12C.2 5.2.12B.2 5.3.12B.1 OBJECTIVES ACTIVITIES & EXPERIENCES EVALUATION N.J.C.C.C.S. UNIT V –Analysis of Organic and Inorganic Compounds After Unit V, the student will be able The student will: to: 1. Distinguish between organic and inorganic compounds 2. Describe the process of chromatography 3. Describe the parts of a gas chromatograph 4. Differentiate between thin layer and gas chromatography 5. Explain the meaning Rf value 6. Perform electrophoresis 7. Demonstrate the concept of mass spectrometry 8. Formulate the usefulness of trace elements for forensic comparison 9. Identify the parts of a simple emission spectrograph 1. Perform chromatography to distinguish different pen inks 2. Identify an unknown chromatogram from a set of standards 3. Analyze emission spectrographs of various materials Homework Quizzes Tests Hands-on laboratory activities Presentations Participation Webquests 5.3.12C.1 5.3.12D.1 5.4.12A.1 5.6.12A.7 5.6.12B.1 5.6.12C.1 OBJECTIVES ACTIVITIES & EXPERIENCES EVALUATION N.J.C.C.C.S. UNIT VI – Hair, Fibers, and Paint Analysis After Unit VI, the student will be able to: 1. Analyze and identify the parts of a hair shaft 2. Discover hair features that are useful for the microscopic comparison of human hair 3. Research the phases of hair growth 4. Describe the role of DNA typing in hair comparisons 5. Classify fibers and list the properties that are most useful for forensic comparison 6. Describe the components of paint and distinguish between different types of paint The student will: 1. Properly collect and analyze hair, fiber, and paint evidence 2. Observe, compare, and record differences in animal and human hair 3. Make hair impressions to observe the unique variations in hair scales Homework Quizzes Tests Hands-on laboratory activities Presentations Participation Webquests 5.1.12B.1 5.1.12B.2 5.1.12C.1 5.1.12C.2 5.2.12B.2 OBJECTIVES ACTIVITIES & EXPERIENCES EVALUATION N.J.C.C.C.S. UNIT VII – Forensic Toxicology After Unit VII, the student will be able to: 1. Classify the commonly abused drugs 2. Describe the schedules of the Controlled Substances Act 3. Describe the laboratory tests to determine the drug identification scheme 4. Formulate and describe the proper collection and preservation of drug evidence 5. Define forensic toxicology 6. Explain how alcohol is absorbed, transported, and eliminated from the body 7. Summarize common laboratory procedures for measuring blood alcohol content 8. Generalize the role of a forensic toxicologist The student will: 1. Research and present all pertinent information on a selected drugs 2. Calculate the Blood alcohol content in various hypothetical situations 3. Conduct a field sobriety test with the aid of the school resource officer Homework Quizzes Tests Hands-on laboratory activities Presentations Participation Webquests 5.3.12C.1 5.3.12D.1 5.4.12A.1 5.1.12B.1 5.1.12B.2 5.1.12C.1 5.1.12C.2 5.2.12B.2 5.3.12B.1 OBJECTIVES ACTIVITIES & EXPERIENCES EVALUATION N.J.C.C.C.S. UNIT VIII – Arson and Explosion Investigation After Unit VIII, the student will be able to: 1. Determine the requirements necessary to initiate and sustain combustion 2. Assess how physical evidence must be collected at an arson or explosion scene 3. Describe the laboratory procedures used for the detection and identification of hydrocarbon and explosive residues 4. Classify different types of explosives The student will: 1. Research the findings of forensic scientists during the September 11th investigation 2. Compare chromatograms from various volatile chemicals Homework Quizzes Tests Hands-on laboratory activities Presentations Participation Webquests 5.6.12A.7 5.6.12B.1 5.6.12C.1 5.1.12B.1 5.1.12B.2 5.1.12C.1 5.1.12C.2 5.2.12B.2 5.3.12B.1 OBJECTIVES ACTIVITIES & EXPERIENCES EVALUATION N.J.C.C.C.S. UNIT IX – Forensic Serology After Unit IX, the student will be able to: 1. Analyze the characteristics of blood 2. Research the tests used to characterize a stain as blood 3. Explain how to properly collect and preserve blood evidence 4. Analyze blood stain pattern 5. List the laboratory tests to characterize seminal stains 6. Describe the collection of physical evidence related to a rape investigation The student will: 1. Observe agglutination during blood typing 2. Perform presumptive tests for blood 3. Determine the height, angle, and origin of blood splatter Homework Quizzes Tests Hands-on laboratory activities Presentations Participation Webquests 5.1.12B.1 5.1.12B.2 5.1.12C.1 5.1.12C.5 5.2.12B.2 5.3.12C.1 OBJECTIVES ACTIVITIES & EXPERIENCES EVALUATION N.J.C.C.C.S. UNIT X – DNA Evidence After Unit X, the student will be able to: The student will: 1. Summarize the importance of DNA 2. Describe the process of typing DNA by the RFLP technique 3. Describe how the DNA band patterns are interpreted 4. Perform the process of PCR and explain its importance to forensic science 5. Explain Short Tandem Repeat analysis 6. Compare and contrast nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA 7. Explain the application of a DNA computerized database to criminal investigation 8. Determine the necessary procedures for DNA evidence collection and preservation 1. Extract and isolate DNA from living cells 2. Perform DNA fingerprinting using gel electrophoresis to aid in suspect identification Homework Quizzes Tests Hands-on laboratory activities Presentations Participation Webquests 5.5.12C.1 5.5.12C.3 5.4.12.A.1 5.4.12.B.1 OBJECTIVES ACTIVITIES & EXPERIENCES EVALUATION N.J.C.C.C.S. UNIT XI – Fingerprint Analysis After Unit XI, the student will be able to: 1. Compare and contrast fingerprint pattern types 2. Formulate fingerprint ridge characteristics 3. Explain why fingerprints are a permanent feature of human anatomy 4. Classify fingerprints by the primary classification of the Henry System 5. Differentiate between visual, plastic, and latent fingerprints 6. Describe the techniques for developing different types of fingerprints 7. Apply the proper procedures when collecting and preserving fingerprint evidence The student will: 1. Students will perform a variety of fingerprint activities such as: a. Completing an FBI card b. Collect and analyze fingerprint evidence c. Developing latent fingerprints d. Using an unknown fingerprint to identify a suspect Homework Quizzes Tests Hands-on laboratory activities Presentations Participation Webquests 5.1.12B.1 5.1.12B.2 5.1.12C.1 5.1.12C.2 5.2.12A.1 5.2.12B.1 5.2.12B.2 OBJECTIVES ACTIVITIES & EXPERIENCES EVALUATION N.J.C.C.C.S. UNIT XII – Firearms, Tool Marks, and Other Impressions After Unit XII the student will be able to: 1. Identify and describe the unique marks made by the interior of a firearm 2. Classify individual characteristics of bullets and cartridge cases 3. Explain the IBIS system 4. Measure and calculate the distance to a target 5. Describe the laboratory tests to determine if an individual has fired a weapon 6. Create procedures for the proper collection and preservation of firearm evidence 7. Summarize the relationship of tools and tool marks 8. Explain the importance of footwear evidence and its method of collection The student will: 1. Observe and compare bullets and spent cartridges for their individual and class characteristics 2. Restore serial numbers on metal 3. Restore tool mark impressions on wood 4. Identify tools based on latent tool marks 5. Conduct a shoe-print analysis activity Homework Quizzes Tests Hands-on laboratory activities Presentations Participation Webquests 5.1.12B.1 5.1.12B.2 5.1.12C.1 5.1.12C.2 5.2.12B.2 5.3.12B.1 OBJECTIVES ACTIVITIES & EXPERIENCES EVALUATION N.J.C.C.C.S. UNIT XIII – Forensic Specialties After Unit XIII, the student will be able to: 1. Describe the role of a forensic pathologist 2. Rank the stages of a body’s decomposition 3. Assess the significance of an autopsy 4. Describe the role of a forensic entomologist 5. Relate the growth and colonization of various insects to the time of death 6. Describe the role of a forensic odontologist 7. Describe the role of a forensic anthropologist 8. Compare and contrast the traits between individuals of different sexes, races, and age The student will: 1. Examine tooth impressions to identify a suspect 2. Model the blowfish life cycle and relate to the human body’s decomposition 3. Observe differences in skeletal structures of people of different sexes, races, and ages Homework Quizzes Tests Hands-on laboratory activities Presentations Participation Webquests 5.1.12B.1 5.1.12B.2 5.1.12C.1 5.1.12C.2 5.2.12B.2 5.3.12B.1 OBJECTIVES ACTIVITIES & EXPERIENCES EVALUATION N.J.C.C.C.S. UNIT IVX –Document and Voice Examination After Unit IVX, the student will be able to: 1. Explore the different types of document analysis 2. Describe some common individual characteristics associated with handwriting 3. Summarize the important guidelines for the collection of standards for comparison for questioned document 4. Perform some of the techniques utilized by document examiners for uncovering alterations and variations in pen inks 5. Assess the methods for identifying forgeries 6. Decide on the three parameters for speech that a voice print represents The student will: 1. Conduct a handwriting comparison activity Homework Quizzes Tests Hands-on laboratory activities Presentations Participation Webquests 5.1.12B.1 5.1.12B.2 5.1.12C.1 5.1.12C.2 5.2.12B.2