Download Lessons from MKEPP (KENYA)

IFAD
REPUBLIC
OF
KENYA
INTERNATIONAL
FUND FOR
AGRICULTURAL
DEVELOPMENT
IFAD REGIONAL IMPLEMENTATION WORKSHOP
THE MANAGEMENT OF LAND AND WATER
RESOURCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE ENVIRONMENT:
LESSONS FROM MKEPP (KENYA)
MUTHONI F. LIVINGSTONE
PROJECT MANAGER-MKEPP-KENYA
15-18TH NOVEMBER, 2010
INTRODUCTION
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The Republic of Kenya has an area of 586,000
square kilometers
Has a population of 38.3 million people (2009)
75% of this population live in the rural areas and
rely on agriculture for most of their livelihood.
The country is mainly arid and semi arid (80% of
the country) with about 20% classified as arable.
75% of the population is concentrated within the
arable 20% of the country
Kenya has five main water catchment towers for
most of her water requirements.-Mt Kenya being
the Most Important
National Environmental Challenges
 Population pressure on land especially on the 20%
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which is arable
Soil erosion especially on the ASAL and the sloping
grounds.
.High poverty levels due to unemployment and low
land productivity
Flooding due to poor catchment protection
productivity- causes overexploitation of natural
resources.
Non optimal management and use of Natural
Resources
Low Forest cover (only 1,7% as opposed to 10%
needed for environmental sustainability)
National Environmental Challenges cont.
 Forest excisions to other competing use
especially agriculture and urban
 Food insecurity due to poor food distribution
and low land productivity
 Increased pollution of water resource from
urban and rural centres putting great
pressure on water resource.
 Poor monitoring of water resource use.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MOUNT KENYA
ECOSYSTEM
 Provides water to 2 million people,two major irrigation
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schemes,3 national parks.
Contributes 49% of Tana river flow –most important
river in kenya.
Tana reservoirs generates 80% of country hydropower.
World heritage site(UNESCO 1997) and biosphere
reserve (1978)-has an international meteorological
station.
Important biodiversity conservation.
Mt Kenya National Park & Forest Reserve
 World Heritage site- 1997 ( 2800 sq.km)
Importance Biosphere Reserve 1998
Source of many rivers
ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES OF
MT. KENYA ECOSYSTEMProtected Area
 High population pressure. one million people
Live within10 km of the forest boundary.
 Encroachment
 Forest Fires
 Poaching of forest produce.
 Overgrazing
 Human /wildlife conflicts
 Over abstraction of water.
GLACIER RESIDING
MT KENYA FOREST HAS LOST 92% OF ITS ICE MASS WHICH COMPRISE
AN IMPORTANT SOURCE OF WATER SOURCE
ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES OF
MT. KENYA ECOSYSTEMFARM LANDS
 Poor water and soil conservation.
 Over exploitation of farm trees.
 Poor solid waste management.
 Poor water conveyance and utilization.
technologies.
 Poor water resources management.
 Low farm productivity-crops and livestock.
ENCROACHMENT INTO WILDLIFE PROTECTED
AREAS
cont….
 Livestock influx in forests/parks
•Illegal settlements and human activities
Summarized Results of human activities in the
forests/farmlands
 Increased poverty
 Over exploitation of natural resources.
 Food insecurity
 Accelerating climate change.
STRATEGIES TO ADDRESS THE
CHALLENGES
 The Government of Kenya and her development
partners have embarked on various strategies and
activities towards addressing the challenges both
within the protected areas and the farmlands.
 One of the strategies is the Mt. Kenya East Pilot
Project for Natural Resources management (MKEPPNRM) which is funded by Government of Kenya
(GOK), International Fund for Agricultural
Development (IFAD), Global Environment and
Climate Change (GECC), formerly Global
Environmental Facility (GEF), and the local
community.
MKEPP OBJECTIVES
 The overall goal of the project is to reduce poverty
through improved food security and improving levels
of income of farmer’s particularly rural women by;
 promoting more effective use of natural resources,
improving access to water and introducing better
farming and water management practices for
sustainable use of land and water resources.
 The immediate sectoral objective of the project is to
enhance equitable use of natural resources with
particular focus on environmental conservation. The
project aims at halting and eventually reversing
environmental degradation and decreasing poverty.
Specific objectives/activities
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Capacity building at the local level to achieve more water management
through equitable abstraction of river water and its more efficient use for
irrigation;
Minimising human/wildlife conflict around the Mt, Kenya Forest Ecosystem
through erection of barriers and other game control measures
Rehabilitation of degraded areas within the Mt. Kenya Forest Ecosystem
Environmental conservation and rehabilitation in the areas adjacent to rivers
concentrating on soil erosion control on farms and on road sides;
Improvement in Water resource Management through community participation
in order to increase dry season base flow and reduce sediment loads and
pollution in these rivers( WRUA);
Improving agriculture productivity and promoting marketing of agricultural
and natural resources based products to raise household income.
Strengthening governance at the local level for better land use and water
management( WUAs;CFAs/IGAs
Increased rain water harvesting and exploitation of alternative water sources.
Outcomes/Impacts of project
The project is in its seventh and last year of its
implementation and same impacts have started
being realized as follows:
 Communities are managing Natural resources
through participatory approaches and strengthened
community based legal groups( WRUAs;CFAs)
 More water use efficiencies and improved forestry
management( RGS;ABSTRUCTION/DELIVERY TECHNOLOGIES;PFM)
 More alternative water sources relieving pressure
on surface water eg sub-surface dams, roof
catchments, rock catchments can contribute to
climate change mitigation
 Improved tree cover- inside protected areas and farmlands
Lessons Learnt
 Involvement of Local communities is key to
sustainanble Natural Resources mgtCommunities should gain directly or indirectly
through IGA´s
 NRM requires approaches and policies that
are multisectoral
 Climate change mitigation is a challenge that
requires action from all sectors
 NRM requires the use of indigenous
traditional knowledge together with modern
technologies/approaches
EVERY DROP COUNTS,
COUNT EVERY DROP.
Thank you
AHSANTE SANA